Key Adaptation Concepts and Terms
... The term ‘Adaptation Assessment’ while appearing to be clear on paper can be difficult in some cases to apply in practice.5 Currently, there is no set of criteria or metrics that allow us to assess adaptation options objectively across locations and situations.6 When analysing adaptation, one can fo ...
... The term ‘Adaptation Assessment’ while appearing to be clear on paper can be difficult in some cases to apply in practice.5 Currently, there is no set of criteria or metrics that allow us to assess adaptation options objectively across locations and situations.6 When analysing adaptation, one can fo ...
Resilient Buffalo Niagara
... conditions, increasing frequency of extreme events, and growing losses from hydro-meteorological events are clearly attributed to climate-related stresses, combined with the socioeconomic and structural vulnerabilities of human systems. Since 1900, the average temperature in the Northern Hemisphere ...
... conditions, increasing frequency of extreme events, and growing losses from hydro-meteorological events are clearly attributed to climate-related stresses, combined with the socioeconomic and structural vulnerabilities of human systems. Since 1900, the average temperature in the Northern Hemisphere ...
Is climate change causing increased rockfall frequency in
... Between 1901 and 2010, a total of 252 rockfalls (according to the definition outlined above) were registered and documented in all of Austria, leaving out the federal states of Burgenland and Vienna which have no share of the Alps. This equates to 3.2 events per 1000 km2 or 0.029 events per 1000 km2 ...
... Between 1901 and 2010, a total of 252 rockfalls (according to the definition outlined above) were registered and documented in all of Austria, leaving out the federal states of Burgenland and Vienna which have no share of the Alps. This equates to 3.2 events per 1000 km2 or 0.029 events per 1000 km2 ...
Eco-physiological adaptations that favour freshwater cyanobacteria
... from an increase in temperature. Nevertheless, the data also suggest that increasing temperatures, at least in regards to their effect on replication rates, do not offer cyanobacteria a clear advantage over their competitors, even at their optimal growth temperature. Data from Lürling et al. (in pr ...
... from an increase in temperature. Nevertheless, the data also suggest that increasing temperatures, at least in regards to their effect on replication rates, do not offer cyanobacteria a clear advantage over their competitors, even at their optimal growth temperature. Data from Lürling et al. (in pr ...
Building bridges: Supporting adaptation in industry VCCAR think
... Although adaptation presents new risks, it is also an area of innovation, offering new opportunities to Victorian industry and businesses. To capitalise on these opportunities, business and industry will need to adopt innovative approaches to develop and implement new technologies and systems of ope ...
... Although adaptation presents new risks, it is also an area of innovation, offering new opportunities to Victorian industry and businesses. To capitalise on these opportunities, business and industry will need to adopt innovative approaches to develop and implement new technologies and systems of ope ...
Tipping elements and climate-economic shocks
... The examples Gladwell provided of tipping points – epidemics of disease, crime, consumption, or behavior – all exhibit rapid shifts between states: specifically, from a state in which an infection or behavior is rare to one in which it is widespread. The scale and speed of the shifts result from pos ...
... The examples Gladwell provided of tipping points – epidemics of disease, crime, consumption, or behavior – all exhibit rapid shifts between states: specifically, from a state in which an infection or behavior is rare to one in which it is widespread. The scale and speed of the shifts result from pos ...
UNDERSTANDING EL NIÑO IN OCEAN–ATMOSPHERE GENERAL
... is, the effect of thermoFIG . 4. SST std dev (°C) for 100 yr of monthly data for models in Fig. 3b. cline depth variations on Observations are taken from HadISST1.1 (1900–99). The location of the Niño SST (van Oldenborgh et al. regions discussed in the text is also shown. 2005), as well as the air–s ...
... is, the effect of thermoFIG . 4. SST std dev (°C) for 100 yr of monthly data for models in Fig. 3b. cline depth variations on Observations are taken from HadISST1.1 (1900–99). The location of the Niño SST (van Oldenborgh et al. regions discussed in the text is also shown. 2005), as well as the air–s ...
Monroe County Climate Action Plan
... opportunity to demonstrate leadership on this global issue by implementing the critical policies, practices and investments that will eventually reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and prepare us for the unavoidable impacts of climate change. We clearly have the most to lose. If sea-level rise is ...
... opportunity to demonstrate leadership on this global issue by implementing the critical policies, practices and investments that will eventually reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and prepare us for the unavoidable impacts of climate change. We clearly have the most to lose. If sea-level rise is ...
2.0 Climate Change: Scenarios for the Indian Ocean Territories
... AECOM has exercised reasonable care when completing this report. However, caution must be taken when considering our conclusions because significant uncertainty remains due to the inherent complexities involved in analysing the past climate and variables typically encountered when modelling future c ...
... AECOM has exercised reasonable care when completing this report. However, caution must be taken when considering our conclusions because significant uncertainty remains due to the inherent complexities involved in analysing the past climate and variables typically encountered when modelling future c ...
climate change adaptation guided by the law
... Our climate is changing. There is now greater certainty that human activity is the cause of most of the temperature increases in recent decades. It seems that sea levels could conceivably rise more than a metre by the end of the century if emissions continue at their current pace. For those of us li ...
... Our climate is changing. There is now greater certainty that human activity is the cause of most of the temperature increases in recent decades. It seems that sea levels could conceivably rise more than a metre by the end of the century if emissions continue at their current pace. For those of us li ...
T M Climate Negotiations After the Copenhagen Overview of Emissions Targets
... Greenhouse gas emissions reduction pledges submitted to the UNFCCC as part of the Copenhagen Accord process are insufficient to limit temperature increase to 2°C relative to pre-industrial global mean temperatures. Only a few reports have analyzed the emissions reductions goals expressed by various ...
... Greenhouse gas emissions reduction pledges submitted to the UNFCCC as part of the Copenhagen Accord process are insufficient to limit temperature increase to 2°C relative to pre-industrial global mean temperatures. Only a few reports have analyzed the emissions reductions goals expressed by various ...
Mountains and Climate Change: A Global Concern
... They are especially vulnerable to climate change impacts. Some of the most visible signs of climate change are found in mountains, in particular glacier retreat, as was emphasized in the recent report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). This raises critical questions: How will v ...
... They are especially vulnerable to climate change impacts. Some of the most visible signs of climate change are found in mountains, in particular glacier retreat, as was emphasized in the recent report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). This raises critical questions: How will v ...
Biodiversity and Climate Change in Ireland
... northern hemisphere land areas and at high latitudes (Albritton et al., 2001; Giorgi, 2005). In addition, numerous studies have shown that the most recent observations of changes in surface and free-atmosphere temperatures cannot be explained by (modelestimated) natural climate variability alone (He ...
... northern hemisphere land areas and at high latitudes (Albritton et al., 2001; Giorgi, 2005). In addition, numerous studies have shown that the most recent observations of changes in surface and free-atmosphere temperatures cannot be explained by (modelestimated) natural climate variability alone (He ...
Mountains and Climate Change: A global concern - EDA
... They are especially vulnerable to climate change impacts. Some of the most visible signs of climate change are found in mountains, in particular glacier retreat, as was emphasized in the recent report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). This raises critical questions: How will v ...
... They are especially vulnerable to climate change impacts. Some of the most visible signs of climate change are found in mountains, in particular glacier retreat, as was emphasized in the recent report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). This raises critical questions: How will v ...
Asia - IPCC
... increase in winter precipitation), while others could be losers (western Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan, where frequent droughts could negatively affect cotton production, increase water demand for irrigation, and exacerbate desertification). In the Indo-Gangetic Plains of South Asia there could be a d ...
... increase in winter precipitation), while others could be losers (western Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan, where frequent droughts could negatively affect cotton production, increase water demand for irrigation, and exacerbate desertification). In the Indo-Gangetic Plains of South Asia there could be a d ...
Earth Day – Special Virtual Issue from Berghahn Journals
... environmental stress. This essay critically examines the concept of human adaptation by dividing it into eight fundamental processes and viewing each in a broad cultural, ecological, and evolutionary context. We focus our assessment especially on northern indigenous peoples, who exist at the edges o ...
... environmental stress. This essay critically examines the concept of human adaptation by dividing it into eight fundamental processes and viewing each in a broad cultural, ecological, and evolutionary context. We focus our assessment especially on northern indigenous peoples, who exist at the edges o ...
Insights to Key Questions about Climate Change
... National and international climate assessments frequently draw on historical climate records that span a few decades or a century. However, such climate records often are too short to establish iii ...
... National and international climate assessments frequently draw on historical climate records that span a few decades or a century. However, such climate records often are too short to establish iii ...
Climate change response strategies for agriculture: Challenges and opportunities for the 21st century
... between the years 1981–1999 have been shown to increase the mortality rates of national livestock herds by between 20 percent and 60 percent. Vulnerability of organic carbon pools to climate change has important repercussions for land sustainability and climate mitigation. In addition to plant speci ...
... between the years 1981–1999 have been shown to increase the mortality rates of national livestock herds by between 20 percent and 60 percent. Vulnerability of organic carbon pools to climate change has important repercussions for land sustainability and climate mitigation. In addition to plant speci ...
Climate challenge – the safety`s off
... must surely still be more important than man’s impact on the climate!” These are two of many claims that Eigil Kaas, University of Copenhagen, sets about answering. He distinguishes between feedbacks and climate change drivers. The magnitude of past climate variations was largely due to feedbacks. ...
... must surely still be more important than man’s impact on the climate!” These are two of many claims that Eigil Kaas, University of Copenhagen, sets about answering. He distinguishes between feedbacks and climate change drivers. The magnitude of past climate variations was largely due to feedbacks. ...
Climate Change Scenarios + cov.
... weather and climate. These recent regional changes, particularly temperature increases, have already affected many physical and biological systems. The rising socio-economic costs coming from climaterelated damage and regional variations in climate suggest increasing vulnerability to climate change. ...
... weather and climate. These recent regional changes, particularly temperature increases, have already affected many physical and biological systems. The rising socio-economic costs coming from climaterelated damage and regional variations in climate suggest increasing vulnerability to climate change. ...
Environics Climate Change Mitigation Messaging
... There is a gap in understanding of the connection between home energy use and climate change. Climate change is a complex subject and most residents do not feel well-informed about the issue. However, the general consensus in climate change literature is that simply providing information about the s ...
... There is a gap in understanding of the connection between home energy use and climate change. Climate change is a complex subject and most residents do not feel well-informed about the issue. However, the general consensus in climate change literature is that simply providing information about the s ...
Global warming controversy
The global warming controversy concerns the public debate over whether global warming is occurring, how much has occurred in modern times, what has caused it, what its effects will be, whether any action should be taken to curb it, and if so what that action should be. In the scientific literature, there is a strong consensus that global surface temperatures have increased in recent decades and that the trend is caused primarily by human-induced emissions of greenhouse gases. No scientific body of national or international standing disagrees with this view, though a few organizations with members in extractive industries hold non-committal positions. Disputes over the key scientific facts of global warming are now more prevalent in the popular media than in the scientific literature, where such issues are treated as resolved, and more in the United States than globally.Political and popular debate concerning the existence and cause of climate change includes the reasons for the increase seen in the instrumental temperature record, whether the warming trend exceeds normal climatic variations, and whether human activities have contributed significantly to it. Scientists have resolved many of these questions decisively in favour of the view that the current warming trend exists and is ongoing, that human activity is the primary cause, and that it is without precedent in at least 2000 years. Disputes that also reflect scientific debate include estimates of how responsive the climate system might be to any given level of greenhouse gases (climate sensitivity), and what the consequences of global warming will be.Global warming remains an issue of widespread political debate, often split along party political lines, especially in the United States. Many of the largely settled scientific issues, such as the human responsibility for global warming, remain the subject of politically or economically motivated attempts to downplay, dismiss or deny them – an ideological phenomenon categorised by academics and scientists as climate change denial. The sources of funding for those involved with climate science – both supporting and opposing mainstream scientific positions – have been questioned by both sides. There are debates about the best policy responses to the science, their cost-effectiveness and their urgency. Climate scientists, especially in the United States, have reported official and oil-industry pressure to censor or suppress their work and hide scientific data, with directives not to discuss the subject in public communications. Legal cases regarding global warming, its effects, and measures to reduce it have reached American courts. The fossil fuels lobby and free market think tanks have often been identified as overtly or covertly supporting efforts to undermine or discredit the scientific consensus on global warming.