Section 10: Freshwater Ecosystems
... Increasing stream temperatures are projected to thermally stress adult salmon and charr. Some salmonid species and populations that rely on freshwater habitat (e.g., adult spawning migrations and juvenile rearing) during summertime may be affected by increasing summer stream temperatures.10 Projecti ...
... Increasing stream temperatures are projected to thermally stress adult salmon and charr. Some salmonid species and populations that rely on freshwater habitat (e.g., adult spawning migrations and juvenile rearing) during summertime may be affected by increasing summer stream temperatures.10 Projecti ...
The Global Climate System Patterns, Processes, and Teleconnections
... that are not readily explained. Thus, new understandings of climate interactions, such as those arising for example from possible impacts of ENSO events, are explored. 3. Intense inquiry into processes and nature of climate change has opened new vistas for its study. However, within the sequence of ...
... that are not readily explained. Thus, new understandings of climate interactions, such as those arising for example from possible impacts of ENSO events, are explored. 3. Intense inquiry into processes and nature of climate change has opened new vistas for its study. However, within the sequence of ...
An Introduction to CCSM http://www.ccsm.ucar.edu
... • In the past, we have generally used offline models to predict concentrations and read these into CCSM. • This approach is simple to implement, but It cuts the feedback loops. It eliminates the chemical reservoirs. • The next CCSM will include these interactions. Colloquium on Climate and Healt ...
... • In the past, we have generally used offline models to predict concentrations and read these into CCSM. • This approach is simple to implement, but It cuts the feedback loops. It eliminates the chemical reservoirs. • The next CCSM will include these interactions. Colloquium on Climate and Healt ...
The Anthropocene: From Global Change to Planetary Stewardship
... et al. 2011) is undoubtedly caused by a number of human activities (MA 2005). Of the top six panels, increases in the three well-known greenhouse gases can be unequivocally linked to anthropogenic sources (IPCC 2007), and the role of human-made chemicals in the reduction of stratospheric ozone has b ...
... et al. 2011) is undoubtedly caused by a number of human activities (MA 2005). Of the top six panels, increases in the three well-known greenhouse gases can be unequivocally linked to anthropogenic sources (IPCC 2007), and the role of human-made chemicals in the reduction of stratospheric ozone has b ...
ab c The cold calculus of cash and carbon
... Communications has highlighted a variability in concern – but with clear majorities acknowledging the reality of climate change: 87% of San Fransiscans believe it is happening and 67% of these believe it is caused by human action; this falls to 70% and 49% in Columbus (Ohio), and 70% and 44% in Texa ...
... Communications has highlighted a variability in concern – but with clear majorities acknowledging the reality of climate change: 87% of San Fransiscans believe it is happening and 67% of these believe it is caused by human action; this falls to 70% and 49% in Columbus (Ohio), and 70% and 44% in Texa ...
Click here to Heike`s CV
... · Principal Investigator: Asia-Pacific Network on Global Change Research, contribution to Oxford Conference on „Beyond Carbon: Ensuring Justice & Equity in REDD+ across Levels of Governance”, 23-25 March 2012, US$50k · Consultant: African Development Bank, Training workshop for AfDB Managers on Clim ...
... · Principal Investigator: Asia-Pacific Network on Global Change Research, contribution to Oxford Conference on „Beyond Carbon: Ensuring Justice & Equity in REDD+ across Levels of Governance”, 23-25 March 2012, US$50k · Consultant: African Development Bank, Training workshop for AfDB Managers on Clim ...
Hamilton Conservation Authority Climate Change Strategy
... taking adv antage of any positiv e effects. As a result of historic and current anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions, global air temperatures continue to rise. The impacts resulting from these continued emissions warrant communities to prepare for the expected impacts and adapt to climate v ariabi ...
... taking adv antage of any positiv e effects. As a result of historic and current anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions, global air temperatures continue to rise. The impacts resulting from these continued emissions warrant communities to prepare for the expected impacts and adapt to climate v ariabi ...
A Focus on Climate During the Past 100 Years
... Probably the most important time period for assessing climate variability and understanding the underlying processes is the past 100 years. First, with respect to climate trends, this period marks the changeover of a climate system driven by natural forcings to a climate system in which anthropogeni ...
... Probably the most important time period for assessing climate variability and understanding the underlying processes is the past 100 years. First, with respect to climate trends, this period marks the changeover of a climate system driven by natural forcings to a climate system in which anthropogeni ...
The Anthropocene: From Global Change to Planetary Stewardship
... et al. 2011) is undoubtedly caused by a number of human activities (MA 2005). Of the top six panels, increases in the three well-known greenhouse gases can be unequivocally linked to anthropogenic sources (IPCC 2007), and the role of human-made chemicals in the reduction of stratospheric ozone has b ...
... et al. 2011) is undoubtedly caused by a number of human activities (MA 2005). Of the top six panels, increases in the three well-known greenhouse gases can be unequivocally linked to anthropogenic sources (IPCC 2007), and the role of human-made chemicals in the reduction of stratospheric ozone has b ...
When It Rains, It Pours: Future Climate Extremes and Health
... higher than rates in the intermediate, or comfortable, temperature range.7 The relationship between temperature and morbidity and mortality is J-shaped, with a steeper slope at higher temperatures.8 In the United States, extreme heat events cause more deaths each year than all other extreme weather ...
... higher than rates in the intermediate, or comfortable, temperature range.7 The relationship between temperature and morbidity and mortality is J-shaped, with a steeper slope at higher temperatures.8 In the United States, extreme heat events cause more deaths each year than all other extreme weather ...
CSIRO_CCAM Model_Methodology_FNL
... greenhouse gas and aerosol emission scenarios, since they are able to couple atmosphere and ocean systems and incorporate their complex linked interactions over the entire Earth system. However, their resolution (approximately 100-200 km) is too coarse to capture regional impacts of climate change, ...
... greenhouse gas and aerosol emission scenarios, since they are able to couple atmosphere and ocean systems and incorporate their complex linked interactions over the entire Earth system. However, their resolution (approximately 100-200 km) is too coarse to capture regional impacts of climate change, ...
Means and extremes: building variability into
... 2007). However, biological responses to temperature can be highly nonlinear and are typified by thresholds, interactions with other climatic conditions, such as rainfall, and the potential for organisms to adapt to changed conditions (Gutschick & BassiriRad 2003; Benedetti-Cecchi et al. 2006). There ...
... 2007). However, biological responses to temperature can be highly nonlinear and are typified by thresholds, interactions with other climatic conditions, such as rainfall, and the potential for organisms to adapt to changed conditions (Gutschick & BassiriRad 2003; Benedetti-Cecchi et al. 2006). There ...
Entire Proposal - New Page - Suffolk County Community College
... zoology, chemistry, and astronomy as well as including economics, environmental politics, and other non-hard science disciplines. According to the United States National Academy of Sciences (2010): A strong, credible body of scientific evidence shows that climate change is occurring, is caused large ...
... zoology, chemistry, and astronomy as well as including economics, environmental politics, and other non-hard science disciplines. According to the United States National Academy of Sciences (2010): A strong, credible body of scientific evidence shows that climate change is occurring, is caused large ...
Differential climate impacts for policy
... to guide assessments of dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system. The 2015 Paris Agreement includes a two-headed temperature goal: “holding the increase in the global average temperature to well below 2 ◦ C above pre-industrial levels and pursuing efforts to limit the temperature ...
... to guide assessments of dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system. The 2015 Paris Agreement includes a two-headed temperature goal: “holding the increase in the global average temperature to well below 2 ◦ C above pre-industrial levels and pursuing efforts to limit the temperature ...
GEF factsheets english
... to become even more severe in coming years. This will have environmental, social and economic consequences. The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Kyoto Protocol, which represent the milestones of the global policy response to climate change, are based on two pill ...
... to become even more severe in coming years. This will have environmental, social and economic consequences. The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Kyoto Protocol, which represent the milestones of the global policy response to climate change, are based on two pill ...
Contributions of past and present human generations to committed
... water vapor within months after major volcanic eruptions (1, 2). In contrast, the mixed layer of the ocean displays a response time scale of the order of decades, whereas the deep ocean and the great polar ice sheets change over centuries or even millennia. The thermal inertia of ocean and ice is th ...
... water vapor within months after major volcanic eruptions (1, 2). In contrast, the mixed layer of the ocean displays a response time scale of the order of decades, whereas the deep ocean and the great polar ice sheets change over centuries or even millennia. The thermal inertia of ocean and ice is th ...
The Global Climate Observing System, GCOS
... First launch of a ballon at Gan, Maldives (Photo: UK MetOffice) ...
... First launch of a ballon at Gan, Maldives (Photo: UK MetOffice) ...
GCOS – Global Climate Observing System
... First launch of a ballon at Gan, Maldives (Photo: UK MetOffice) ...
... First launch of a ballon at Gan, Maldives (Photo: UK MetOffice) ...
From efficiency to justice: utility as the informational basis of climate change strategies, and some alternatives: Working Paper 13 (418 kB) (opens in new window)
... in this way, the models must sacrifice detail, so that they are typically of a very reduced form. For example, Nordhaus’ well-known DICE model (Dynamic Integrated model of Climate and the Economy; see Nordhaus 2008) comprises around 20 equations, which solve the social welfare of a single, represent ...
... in this way, the models must sacrifice detail, so that they are typically of a very reduced form. For example, Nordhaus’ well-known DICE model (Dynamic Integrated model of Climate and the Economy; see Nordhaus 2008) comprises around 20 equations, which solve the social welfare of a single, represent ...
Federated States of Micronesia - Pacific Climate Change Science
... climate varies considerably from year to year due to the El Niño-Southern Oscillation. This is a natural climate pattern that occurs across the tropical Pacific Ocean and affects weather around the world. There are two extreme phases of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation: El Niño and La Niña. There is ...
... climate varies considerably from year to year due to the El Niño-Southern Oscillation. This is a natural climate pattern that occurs across the tropical Pacific Ocean and affects weather around the world. There are two extreme phases of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation: El Niño and La Niña. There is ...
ClimateChange11 - Stand
... p2: The earth formed about 4.6 billion years ago... [Timeline, with 4.6 billion years ago on the LHS and “today” on the RHS.] ...and the first life forms—single-celled organisms—appeared in the oceans about 3.5 billion years ago. [according to Vega; see also this clock] After millions of years of ev ...
... p2: The earth formed about 4.6 billion years ago... [Timeline, with 4.6 billion years ago on the LHS and “today” on the RHS.] ...and the first life forms—single-celled organisms—appeared in the oceans about 3.5 billion years ago. [according to Vega; see also this clock] After millions of years of ev ...
Climate Trends and Projections for the South Sask. River
... The natural climate variability, recorded by water gauges and the tree rings, underlies changes to regional water cycle that are caused by a warming global climate. Global climate models (GCMs) are the best source of climate projections for the next 50 years. This report presents a range of climate ...
... The natural climate variability, recorded by water gauges and the tree rings, underlies changes to regional water cycle that are caused by a warming global climate. Global climate models (GCMs) are the best source of climate projections for the next 50 years. This report presents a range of climate ...
Biomes Individual and Collaborative Project
... taiga, deciduous and rain forest) and explain why biomes with similar characteristics can exist in different geographical locations, latitudes and altitudes • 3.4 identify the potential effects of climate change on environmentally sensitive biomes (e.g., impact of a reduction in the Arctic ice pack ...
... taiga, deciduous and rain forest) and explain why biomes with similar characteristics can exist in different geographical locations, latitudes and altitudes • 3.4 identify the potential effects of climate change on environmentally sensitive biomes (e.g., impact of a reduction in the Arctic ice pack ...
Global warming controversy
The global warming controversy concerns the public debate over whether global warming is occurring, how much has occurred in modern times, what has caused it, what its effects will be, whether any action should be taken to curb it, and if so what that action should be. In the scientific literature, there is a strong consensus that global surface temperatures have increased in recent decades and that the trend is caused primarily by human-induced emissions of greenhouse gases. No scientific body of national or international standing disagrees with this view, though a few organizations with members in extractive industries hold non-committal positions. Disputes over the key scientific facts of global warming are now more prevalent in the popular media than in the scientific literature, where such issues are treated as resolved, and more in the United States than globally.Political and popular debate concerning the existence and cause of climate change includes the reasons for the increase seen in the instrumental temperature record, whether the warming trend exceeds normal climatic variations, and whether human activities have contributed significantly to it. Scientists have resolved many of these questions decisively in favour of the view that the current warming trend exists and is ongoing, that human activity is the primary cause, and that it is without precedent in at least 2000 years. Disputes that also reflect scientific debate include estimates of how responsive the climate system might be to any given level of greenhouse gases (climate sensitivity), and what the consequences of global warming will be.Global warming remains an issue of widespread political debate, often split along party political lines, especially in the United States. Many of the largely settled scientific issues, such as the human responsibility for global warming, remain the subject of politically or economically motivated attempts to downplay, dismiss or deny them – an ideological phenomenon categorised by academics and scientists as climate change denial. The sources of funding for those involved with climate science – both supporting and opposing mainstream scientific positions – have been questioned by both sides. There are debates about the best policy responses to the science, their cost-effectiveness and their urgency. Climate scientists, especially in the United States, have reported official and oil-industry pressure to censor or suppress their work and hide scientific data, with directives not to discuss the subject in public communications. Legal cases regarding global warming, its effects, and measures to reduce it have reached American courts. The fossil fuels lobby and free market think tanks have often been identified as overtly or covertly supporting efforts to undermine or discredit the scientific consensus on global warming.