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Cancer Genes
Cancer Genes

... • Epithelial-stromal interactions: Angiogenesis, Invasion and Metastasis • Cell surface markers: Immune Evasion • Membrane pumps: Drug resistance and response to therapy • Metabolism: allow more rapid growth (e.g. ribogenesis)  virtually any gene product may be a target for therapy as long as: • It ...
Drug-Receptor Interactions
Drug-Receptor Interactions

... Membrane bound receptors ◦ Receptors of membranes are primarily proteins ◦ If the gene sequence is known: site directed mutagenesis ◦ Alter one or more amino acids in the receptor ◦ Has this changed the biological responses to a particular ligand? ...
Executive Summary - BioTech Showcase News
Executive Summary - BioTech Showcase News

... Methadone, Fentanyl, etc. bind strongly to the mu receptor in the brain and then aggressively agonize that receptor, leading to a number of severe side effects including euphoria (which leads to abuse and addiction), severe withdrawal, constipation, respiratory depression, and death from overdose. P ...
Dog-Gone Pain Ingredients:
Dog-Gone Pain Ingredients:

... HP8’s blend of native Australian and European herbs is guaranteed safe, pure and the sum of each compound’s beneficial properties is exceeded only by the synergy of the complete formula. Clinical trials and safety studies have been completed, but have not been submitted for publication. Since HP8 is ...
Lec.5-426
Lec.5-426

... Aromatic ring is essential for activity, reduction or removal abolishes activity. Ether bridge is not essential, Compounds lacking this ring are called morphinans and are several folds more active than morphine. Oxidation of the OH at 6-position to a ketonic function particularly if the 7-8 double b ...


... The physical properties of inflammation are redness, heat, swelling and pain which are caused by the influx of leukocytes to the affected area. Chemokines are a type of signalling molecule which recruits leukocytes to the area of infection through the process of chemotaxis. Chemokines are therefore ...
Chapter 9 - chem.uwec.edu
Chapter 9 - chem.uwec.edu

... A standard phosphorylation reaction would be carried out on a protein substrate using the enzyme as catalyst, and where the level of substrate or product present could be measured. Potential inhibitors could then be introduced to see how effectively they inhibit this standard reaction. This test wou ...
The PSA Test
The PSA Test

... • A blood test that measures a substance produced by the prostate gland called prostate specific antigen (PSA) - PSA blood test tells physicians or nurse practitioners when patients have a higher than normal level of PSA - A high level can result from benign conditions of the prostate, or ejaculatio ...
The Oncologist, Vol. 12, No. 3, 325
The Oncologist, Vol. 12, No. 3, 325

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Alsace BioValley
Alsace BioValley

... the detection of specific blood biomarkers (PKC and Abeta42 peptide) allowing a unique, non-invasive method of in vivo efficacy evaluation of candidates targeting the amyloid pathway. The tests are especially adapted for longitudinal studies, as very small blood samples are required. More informatio ...
BioMarker
BioMarker

... Diagnosis of PSA for prostate cancer in the most time means measure the PSA In serum samples. Detection of PSA allow early detection of prostate cancer. Large screening trials have shown that PSA nearly doubles the rate of detection possible by combine with other methods. Based on these data, PSA te ...
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... histamine synthesis and release in the CNS”; one step up in the chain of histamine action H4: found primarily in intestinal tissue, spleen, thymus, and immune active cells (such as T cells, neutrophils, and eosinophils), “which suggests an important role for H4 receptors in the regulation of immune ...
Mechanisms of Therapeutic Actions and Adverse Side Effects
Mechanisms of Therapeutic Actions and Adverse Side Effects

... All antipsychotics (both conventional and atypical) bind to some degree at dopamine D2 receptors. It is believed that D2 antagonism mediates antipsychotics’ ability to reduce positive symptoms of schizophrenia, including hallucinations and delusions. What sets the atypical antipsychotics apart from ...
Final + Answers
Final + Answers

... NSAIDS and Opioids produce analgesia through two different mechanisms leading to a synergistic analgesic effect. NSAIDS act via their ability to inhibit cyclooxygenase (COX) and therefore prostaglandin synthesis. Prostaglandins sensitize pain receptors; therefore, NSAIDs have an indirect analgesic e ...
β 3 - Faculty
β 3 - Faculty

...  Bioavailability – How much was actually absorbed  Distribution – Where does the drug go in the body  Fat-solubility  Sequestration by blood serum  Metabolism – Where is the drug broken down and to what  Liver, Kidneys  Excretion – How does the body rid itself of the drug ...
Understanding the Prostate
Understanding the Prostate

... • Medications given for relaxation and comfort − Comfort levels are generally tolerable and reported between a 2-3 on a 10 point pain scale6 − New prostatic blocks being performed that may eliminate discomfort completely ...
agonist - Buffalo State
agonist - Buffalo State

... Drug effect is directly proportional to number of receptors occupied Drug effect ceases as drug-receptor complex dissociate Ariens & Stephenson theory introduced terms of "affinity" & "efficacy" Affinity: ability of the drug to combine with receptor to create drug-receptor complex Efficacy: ability ...
r-Guo - Prostate Cancer Support Association of New Mexico
r-Guo - Prostate Cancer Support Association of New Mexico

... Beam Radiotherapy ≥72 Gy, Permanent Seed Implantation, Combined Seeds/External Beam Radiotherapy for Stage T1-T2 Prostate Cancer. IJROBP 58:25, 2004. ...
A1988Q213800002
A1988Q213800002

... This paper was one of three, published simultaneously and independently, that reported the discovery of stereospecific opiate binding sites that have since been shown to be the pharmacologically relevant opiate receptors. This discovery led to another important finding, namely, that the brain and a ...
Pharmacology 2a – Mechanisms of Drug action
Pharmacology 2a – Mechanisms of Drug action

... 1. Briefly explain what you understand by the term 'structure-activity relationship'. 2. Differentiate between the four principal types of drug antagonism. Give one example of each type of antagonist. 3. Name the four main families of receptors. On what basis are they distinguishable? 4. Describe th ...
Drugs - BIDD - National University of Singapore
Drugs - BIDD - National University of Singapore

... • Competitive antagonists – which compete for the agonist binding site, and require higher agonist concentration to elicit a given response. • Non-competitive agonists – these bind at a site other than the agonist binding site, or even to a completely different molecular target. The result is the lo ...
G-Protein Coupled Receptors Past, Present, Future Outline and
G-Protein Coupled Receptors Past, Present, Future Outline and

... “I conclude then that in all cells two constituents at least must be distinguished, (1) substance concerned with carrying out the chief functions of the cells, such as contraction, secretion, the formation of special metabolic products, and (2) receptive substances especially liable to change and ca ...
Healthy U - Sept. 2004
Healthy U - Sept. 2004

... necessary, the mistaken belief that this is a part of “normal aging,” or that there is no treatment available. Once OAB is diagnosed, there are a variety of treatment options available. While these include behavioral modification techniques, biofeedback, and ...
Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) Screening/Testing Mandate
Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) Screening/Testing Mandate

... who have a first-degree relative (father, brother, or son) diagnosed with prostate cancer at an early age (younger than age 65).  Age 40 for men at even higher risk (those with more than one first-degree relative who had prostate cancer at an early age). After this discussion, those men who want t ...
Prostate Cancer – Pharmacological treatment
Prostate Cancer – Pharmacological treatment

... comprehensive, should not be used as treatment guidelines and should only be used for the purpose of reference or guidance for adjudication procedures and shall not be construed as conclusive. Daman in no way interferes with the treatment of patient and will not bear any responsibility for treatment ...
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Discovery and development of antiandrogens



In the 1960s, the first antiandrogen, or androgen antagonist, was discovered. Antiandrogens antagonise the androgen receptor (AR) and thereby block the biological effects of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Antiandrogens are important for men with hormonally responsive diseases like prostate cancer, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BHP), acne, seborrhea, hirsutism and androgen alopecia. Antiandrogens are mainly used for the treatment of prostate diseases. Research from 2010 suggests that ARs could be linked to the disease progression of triple-negative breast cancer and that antiandrogens can potentially be used to treat it.As of 2010 antiandrogens are small molecules and can be either steroidal or nonsteroidal depending on ligand chemistry. Steroidal antiandrogens share a similar steroid structure, while nonsteroidal antiandrogens may have structurally distinctive pharmacophores. Only a limited number of compounds are available for clinical use despite the fact that a very large variety of antiandrogen compounds have been discovered and researched.
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