Challenges for management of freshwater ecosystems
... Relative cumulative respired C after 49 days control ...
... Relative cumulative respired C after 49 days control ...
Becoming Refugias: Climate Change and a Change of Heart
... levels even tens of thousands of years into the future.2 Although climate deniers still rally (almost exclusively in the United States where they are well-funded by oil, gas, and coal companies), the conversation around the world focuses upon how to reduce carbon emissions to cause less damage.3 Spe ...
... levels even tens of thousands of years into the future.2 Although climate deniers still rally (almost exclusively in the United States where they are well-funded by oil, gas, and coal companies), the conversation around the world focuses upon how to reduce carbon emissions to cause less damage.3 Spe ...
Workshop - Caribbean - Technical Report
... The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) 19th Conference of the Parties (COP) in Warsaw in 2013 decided that all Parties (participating countries) were to submit Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) as early as possible and by March 2015, for those countries ...
... The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) 19th Conference of the Parties (COP) in Warsaw in 2013 decided that all Parties (participating countries) were to submit Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) as early as possible and by March 2015, for those countries ...
Ch15Pres - Leornian.org
... The consensus of scientific opinion is that the present global warming trend is largely anthropogenic in origin – Human activity, principally the combustion of fossil fuels, is responsible for the build-up of carbon dioxide and other infrared-absorbing gases in the atmosphere – The amount of anthr ...
... The consensus of scientific opinion is that the present global warming trend is largely anthropogenic in origin – Human activity, principally the combustion of fossil fuels, is responsible for the build-up of carbon dioxide and other infrared-absorbing gases in the atmosphere – The amount of anthr ...
A Perfect Moral Storm: Climate Change, Intergenerational Ethics
... or that various interests (our own, those of our kin and country, those of distant people, future people, animals and nature) matter, then it is hard to see why climate change (or much else) poses a problem. But once we see this, then we appear to need some account of moral responsibility, morally i ...
... or that various interests (our own, those of our kin and country, those of distant people, future people, animals and nature) matter, then it is hard to see why climate change (or much else) poses a problem. But once we see this, then we appear to need some account of moral responsibility, morally i ...
English
... about the sun (obliquity). That is why we have changing seasons. This tilt of the Earth changes in a cycle of 41,000 years. The greater the angle, the colder the winters and the warmer the summers. The wobbly earth The earth does not rotate evenly on its axis. It wobbles somewhat, like a spinning to ...
... about the sun (obliquity). That is why we have changing seasons. This tilt of the Earth changes in a cycle of 41,000 years. The greater the angle, the colder the winters and the warmer the summers. The wobbly earth The earth does not rotate evenly on its axis. It wobbles somewhat, like a spinning to ...
Word format
... of climate to increasing CO2 concentration) by a suite of seven models having a wide range of sensitivities - including one with a particularly high sensitivity. And also, at the ‘low-end’: * Cosmetic “rounding up” of the calculated number from 1.0 to 1.4 0C, thus serving to lift it clear of the 1.0 ...
... of climate to increasing CO2 concentration) by a suite of seven models having a wide range of sensitivities - including one with a particularly high sensitivity. And also, at the ‘low-end’: * Cosmetic “rounding up” of the calculated number from 1.0 to 1.4 0C, thus serving to lift it clear of the 1.0 ...
Hamilton Conservation Authority Climate Change Strategy
... intensity in the context of climate change, and seeing the damage to both the natural and built systems in the watershed, the Hamilton Conservation Authority (HCA) decided to start taking action on climate change. The catalyst for drawing attention to climate change at the corporate level was the de ...
... intensity in the context of climate change, and seeing the damage to both the natural and built systems in the watershed, the Hamilton Conservation Authority (HCA) decided to start taking action on climate change. The catalyst for drawing attention to climate change at the corporate level was the de ...
- Wiley Online Library
... conclusions. There are a growing number of available sources of climate data providing temperature, precipitation and other variables at various temporal and spatial scales. With such an abundance of variables to consider it is not surprising that it is easy to detect a significant correlation with ...
... conclusions. There are a growing number of available sources of climate data providing temperature, precipitation and other variables at various temporal and spatial scales. With such an abundance of variables to consider it is not surprising that it is easy to detect a significant correlation with ...
here - Climpol
... An “easy metric” for policy making to be deduced from the IPCC AR5 is the 800 GtC that may be emitted in order to stay below 2°C warming. This metric is not tied to a time horizon. It cannot be used for trading between gases in multi-component policies and gives only the relation between total cumul ...
... An “easy metric” for policy making to be deduced from the IPCC AR5 is the 800 GtC that may be emitted in order to stay below 2°C warming. This metric is not tied to a time horizon. It cannot be used for trading between gases in multi-component policies and gives only the relation between total cumul ...
47. Global Warming Background
... Members of Congress should note that calls for dramatic emissions reductions are usually accompanied by lurid rhetoric about weather and climate disasters. The purpose of this chapter is to provide the facts that counter such emotional appeals. No credible argument counters the notion that the plane ...
... Members of Congress should note that calls for dramatic emissions reductions are usually accompanied by lurid rhetoric about weather and climate disasters. The purpose of this chapter is to provide the facts that counter such emotional appeals. No credible argument counters the notion that the plane ...
Climate Change War Game: Major Findings and Background Working PaPer
... need to think about the consequences of paying for China to go green.” The U.S. team voiced similar concerns. • Players had insufficient economic information. Access to credible specific cost estimates of mitigation and adaptation (costs of dealing with both and a dollar figure for the benefits of d ...
... need to think about the consequences of paying for China to go green.” The U.S. team voiced similar concerns. • Players had insufficient economic information. Access to credible specific cost estimates of mitigation and adaptation (costs of dealing with both and a dollar figure for the benefits of d ...
Outcomes of 21st Session of Conference of
... clean development mechanism. This will make it easier for countries in Africa to implement the CDM; • Establish a technical process on Adaptation to identify concrete opportunities for strengthening resilience, reducing vulnerabilities and increasing the implementation of adaptation actions in the p ...
... clean development mechanism. This will make it easier for countries in Africa to implement the CDM; • Establish a technical process on Adaptation to identify concrete opportunities for strengthening resilience, reducing vulnerabilities and increasing the implementation of adaptation actions in the p ...
Drivers of Climate Change
... • Increased runoff of freshwater to estuaries, and associated increased delivery of sediments and nutrients, could further stress the plants and animals in those coastal ecosystems. • One possible response is increased eutrophication (nutrient enrichment) with associated increased blooms of algae. ...
... • Increased runoff of freshwater to estuaries, and associated increased delivery of sediments and nutrients, could further stress the plants and animals in those coastal ecosystems. • One possible response is increased eutrophication (nutrient enrichment) with associated increased blooms of algae. ...
2/16/17 PRO-CON Will eating fewer pork chops help
... The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is an agency of the U.S. government responsible for protecting human health and the environment. It, too, has sounded the alarm bell over the production of methane gas by livestock. The EPA believes livestock methane gas emission is a serious problem. It has ...
... The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is an agency of the U.S. government responsible for protecting human health and the environment. It, too, has sounded the alarm bell over the production of methane gas by livestock. The EPA believes livestock methane gas emission is a serious problem. It has ...
Addressing the rising carbon dioxide atmospheric levels
... beneath the earth and converted them back into carbon dioxide in the air. Effects of the increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere The increase in carbon dioxide brings the obvious issue of the greenhouse effect where the earth’s surface temperature will continue to rise. The increase of greenhou ...
... beneath the earth and converted them back into carbon dioxide in the air. Effects of the increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere The increase in carbon dioxide brings the obvious issue of the greenhouse effect where the earth’s surface temperature will continue to rise. The increase of greenhou ...
An Open Letter from Oregon Climate Change Scientists -
... As scientists from Oregon with expertise in many disciplines relevant to the understanding of climate change, its impacts, and its solutions, we are deeply concerned that climate change compromises our quality of life and threatens our state’s future. We need your leadership now more than ever to re ...
... As scientists from Oregon with expertise in many disciplines relevant to the understanding of climate change, its impacts, and its solutions, we are deeply concerned that climate change compromises our quality of life and threatens our state’s future. We need your leadership now more than ever to re ...
- Catalyst
... 17) In their most recent Assessment Report in 2007, the IPCC’s conclusion was that “(Circle one: Some / Most / Almost all ) of the observed increase in global average temperatures since the mid-20th century is (circle one: likely / very likely / definitively ) due to the observed increase in anthrop ...
... 17) In their most recent Assessment Report in 2007, the IPCC’s conclusion was that “(Circle one: Some / Most / Almost all ) of the observed increase in global average temperatures since the mid-20th century is (circle one: likely / very likely / definitively ) due to the observed increase in anthrop ...
Introduction. Climate change and urban areas: research dialogue in
... these three major directions of modelling improvement: increased resolution and complexity, and better characterization of uncertainties. The latest Hadley Centre model HadGEN1, which is a major improvement on the HadCM3 model, had been prominently used for climate simulations and predictions in the ...
... these three major directions of modelling improvement: increased resolution and complexity, and better characterization of uncertainties. The latest Hadley Centre model HadGEN1, which is a major improvement on the HadCM3 model, had been prominently used for climate simulations and predictions in the ...
Protecting Biodiversity in a Changing Climate
... The notion of adaptation is not novel. Ecologists have long used the concept of adaptation to depict the evolution of organisms in a new environment. Broadening this definition, adaptation in the context of climate change connotes the evolution of humans and ecosystems to new environments caused by ...
... The notion of adaptation is not novel. Ecologists have long used the concept of adaptation to depict the evolution of organisms in a new environment. Broadening this definition, adaptation in the context of climate change connotes the evolution of humans and ecosystems to new environments caused by ...
Sustainable Enterprise
... At the core of all these strategies lies an often overlooked and under-rated initiative: the engagement of the workforce. Technological and economic activity may be direct causes of climate change, but it is the culture of an organization that guides the development of solutions. The organizational ...
... At the core of all these strategies lies an often overlooked and under-rated initiative: the engagement of the workforce. Technological and economic activity may be direct causes of climate change, but it is the culture of an organization that guides the development of solutions. The organizational ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.