Improving predictions and management of hydrological extremes
... European research Framework Programmes in 1984,1 climate research has had a prominent position in the calls for proposals. Together with research funding through many national public programmes, this has led to an impressive increase in our understanding of climate, its drivers, and consequences of ...
... European research Framework Programmes in 1984,1 climate research has had a prominent position in the calls for proposals. Together with research funding through many national public programmes, this has led to an impressive increase in our understanding of climate, its drivers, and consequences of ...
Global Environmental Change Volume 42, Issue 1, January 2017 1
... Abstract: Societal values are generally seen as leading to changes in human decisions and behavior, but have not been addressed adequately in current water management, which is blind to changes in the social drivers for, or societal responses to, management decisions. This paper describes the evolut ...
... Abstract: Societal values are generally seen as leading to changes in human decisions and behavior, but have not been addressed adequately in current water management, which is blind to changes in the social drivers for, or societal responses to, management decisions. This paper describes the evolut ...
New Topics, Summer 2011: Climate Change and
... I want to focus ICE cases on conflict and environment and specifically on its relation to climate change and violent conflict. Within that realm, I want cases that look at how climate change will influence borders or situations, including borders in the overall policy calculus. These topics can be ...
... I want to focus ICE cases on conflict and environment and specifically on its relation to climate change and violent conflict. Within that realm, I want cases that look at how climate change will influence borders or situations, including borders in the overall policy calculus. These topics can be ...
GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE AND
... Systemic changes are those changes, which occur throughout the global compartments of the earth system such as rising CO2 in the atmosphere, global warming etc. Cumulative changes are those which take place at discrete locations around the globe, but when combined, have “global” importance. Examples ...
... Systemic changes are those changes, which occur throughout the global compartments of the earth system such as rising CO2 in the atmosphere, global warming etc. Cumulative changes are those which take place at discrete locations around the globe, but when combined, have “global” importance. Examples ...
8 May 2013 Mr Rob Sturgiss Assistant Secretary National Inventory
... Emerging research also indicates the greater potential for fugitive emissions to the surrounding atmosphere and water sources not just via CSG infrastructure but from more diffuse sources, such as directional drilling and depressurisation changes via cracks and fissures in the ground.2 An additiona ...
... Emerging research also indicates the greater potential for fugitive emissions to the surrounding atmosphere and water sources not just via CSG infrastructure but from more diffuse sources, such as directional drilling and depressurisation changes via cracks and fissures in the ground.2 An additiona ...
wicked - Cornell University
... - First identify culprits that you can influence or regulate easily and productively - Then, can you find businesses/investors that will profit from developing clean new technologies? ...
... - First identify culprits that you can influence or regulate easily and productively - Then, can you find businesses/investors that will profit from developing clean new technologies? ...
Climate change: How do we tell if it`s really happening?
... the climate system • There are often different ways of doing this and sometimes there isn’t a “best” method. Some of these are based on observations – which have an inherent uncertainty • These variations leads to differences in the feedbacks in models and differences in the future predictions BA Th ...
... the climate system • There are often different ways of doing this and sometimes there isn’t a “best” method. Some of these are based on observations – which have an inherent uncertainty • These variations leads to differences in the feedbacks in models and differences in the future predictions BA Th ...
A Contingent Valuation Study Comparing Citizen`s WTP for Climate
... and advocate for action to address global climate change ...
... and advocate for action to address global climate change ...
Addressing the Leadership Challenge of Climate Change
... agriculture are likely to be forced out of production. Forests, grasslands and other natural ecosystems are already changing, particularly in southern Africa. By the 2080s, the amount of arid and semi-arid land in Africa will likely increase by 5-8 per cent. Antarctica — This continent has proven mo ...
... agriculture are likely to be forced out of production. Forests, grasslands and other natural ecosystems are already changing, particularly in southern Africa. By the 2080s, the amount of arid and semi-arid land in Africa will likely increase by 5-8 per cent. Antarctica — This continent has proven mo ...
Kennesaw State University High School Model United Nations
... (COP21). Member States came together in Paris to discuss and create a plan that would help in the fight against rapid climate change. The major emphasis of the COP21 meeting in Paris was on producing a global, binding agreement to cut carbon emissions. There was clear international agreement that ...
... (COP21). Member States came together in Paris to discuss and create a plan that would help in the fight against rapid climate change. The major emphasis of the COP21 meeting in Paris was on producing a global, binding agreement to cut carbon emissions. There was clear international agreement that ...
Intended National Determined Contribution (INDC)
... the year. Extreme events such as droughts, floods and landslides are increasing in frequency and intensity. Climate change is affecting a wide variety of sectors. Agriculture, water, health and human settlements have been particularly affected. In the 2007-08 fiscal year, climate change damages were ...
... the year. Extreme events such as droughts, floods and landslides are increasing in frequency and intensity. Climate change is affecting a wide variety of sectors. Agriculture, water, health and human settlements have been particularly affected. In the 2007-08 fiscal year, climate change damages were ...
Agriculture in the Midwest
... potential nonlinear effects of warming temperatures on the floods of 1993 caused a 44% reduction in the potential crop yields in the United States and showed there would be sweet corn yield for that year as defined by Hatfield (2010). large impacts on productivity because of plants being Water avail ...
... potential nonlinear effects of warming temperatures on the floods of 1993 caused a 44% reduction in the potential crop yields in the United States and showed there would be sweet corn yield for that year as defined by Hatfield (2010). large impacts on productivity because of plants being Water avail ...
Carbon `offset` - no magic solution to `neutralise` fossil fuel emissions
... greenhouse gases? In brief, what’s wrong is this: What ‘offset’ forestry does is confuse fossil carbon with biological carbon. It claims that emissions from burning oil, gas or coal can be considered equal, in climatic terms, to the biological carbon stored in a tree. For example, companies like UK- ...
... greenhouse gases? In brief, what’s wrong is this: What ‘offset’ forestry does is confuse fossil carbon with biological carbon. It claims that emissions from burning oil, gas or coal can be considered equal, in climatic terms, to the biological carbon stored in a tree. For example, companies like UK- ...
MATCH - Status of research
... Andronova and Schlesinger (2004): Importance of sulfate aerosol in evaluating the relative contributions of regional emissions to the historical global temperature change attribution methods, Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change den Elzen, Schaeffer and Lucas (2004): Differentiatin ...
... Andronova and Schlesinger (2004): Importance of sulfate aerosol in evaluating the relative contributions of regional emissions to the historical global temperature change attribution methods, Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change den Elzen, Schaeffer and Lucas (2004): Differentiatin ...
Programme 4 A Climate of Change Unit 4: A Climate Of Change
... Following the viewing of the tape and the completion of the worksheets the class should identify and clarify their understanding of the problem both in written and graphic form. Using questions the teacher should ask the class to: ✎ Outline the global processes involved including the atmosphere, the ...
... Following the viewing of the tape and the completion of the worksheets the class should identify and clarify their understanding of the problem both in written and graphic form. Using questions the teacher should ask the class to: ✎ Outline the global processes involved including the atmosphere, the ...
Coupled General Circulation Modeling
... • Communication between components is an essential element of coupled models. • Model component codes are often developed separately, so grids can be different, making regridding necessary. • Frequency of communication must be managed, particularly given the difference in response times of atmospher ...
... • Communication between components is an essential element of coupled models. • Model component codes are often developed separately, so grids can be different, making regridding necessary. • Frequency of communication must be managed, particularly given the difference in response times of atmospher ...
The Price of Climate Change
... achieved. Europe’s emissions, for example, are down by some measures – in part because growth has faltered. This is not a good model to export to the rest of the world. A signpost of whether COP 21 will have teeth is whether the delegates can agree on regular reviews (say, every five years) that inc ...
... achieved. Europe’s emissions, for example, are down by some measures – in part because growth has faltered. This is not a good model to export to the rest of the world. A signpost of whether COP 21 will have teeth is whether the delegates can agree on regular reviews (say, every five years) that inc ...
Submission-5-A-Key-letter - Coal Action Network Aotearoa
... Post-election policy initiatives8 further reveal the extent of the Government’s greenwashing. Inter alia, Hansen argues9 that the biggest obstacle to solving climate change is “the role of big money in politics and business”. In a somewhat different context, I can attest to that 10. My third motivat ...
... Post-election policy initiatives8 further reveal the extent of the Government’s greenwashing. Inter alia, Hansen argues9 that the biggest obstacle to solving climate change is “the role of big money in politics and business”. In a somewhat different context, I can attest to that 10. My third motivat ...
![P.048-2011 Amd.(26) [Ferguson- climate change]](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/017157696_1-0aa3859f6bce431bcd64166803d87a9a-300x300.png)
P.048-2011 Amd.(26) [Ferguson- climate change]
... There is considerable doom and gloom about an environmental crisis prophesied by the main stream media and some scientists. It is said that resources are finite, there is too large a world population and so forth. This is not supported by the facts. Julian Simon3 researched the facts. For example, a ...
... There is considerable doom and gloom about an environmental crisis prophesied by the main stream media and some scientists. It is said that resources are finite, there is too large a world population and so forth. This is not supported by the facts. Julian Simon3 researched the facts. For example, a ...
Greenhouse Policy Architectures and Institutions
... The total direct cost of all current U.S. environmental programs, many of which are extremely controversial, comes to only about two percent of GDP. Agreeing to incur incremental costs of this magnitude without clear evidence that any benefits will result also seems a bit mad—particularly from the v ...
... The total direct cost of all current U.S. environmental programs, many of which are extremely controversial, comes to only about two percent of GDP. Agreeing to incur incremental costs of this magnitude without clear evidence that any benefits will result also seems a bit mad—particularly from the v ...
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... tional topics such as financial management, risk management and economic viability in general. Outreach and support for on-farm business planning was selected as a key area of focus by two of the six breakout groups but there was no agreement between the groups about the scores. One of the “Practic ...
... tional topics such as financial management, risk management and economic viability in general. Outreach and support for on-farm business planning was selected as a key area of focus by two of the six breakout groups but there was no agreement between the groups about the scores. One of the “Practic ...
Slide 1
... centennial timescales, and the human impact on climate are inherently probabilistic due to uncertainties in: initial conditions representation of key processes within models climatic forcing factors Reliable forecasts and estimates of climatic risk can only be made through ensemble integration ...
... centennial timescales, and the human impact on climate are inherently probabilistic due to uncertainties in: initial conditions representation of key processes within models climatic forcing factors Reliable forecasts and estimates of climatic risk can only be made through ensemble integration ...
World Meteorological Organization
... An International Workshop on the Content, Communication and Use of Weather and Climate Products and Services for Sustainable Agriculture was organized at the University of Southern Queensland, Australia, from 18-20 May 2009 in Toowoomba, Australia. This workshop was jointly sponsored by WMO, the Uni ...
... An International Workshop on the Content, Communication and Use of Weather and Climate Products and Services for Sustainable Agriculture was organized at the University of Southern Queensland, Australia, from 18-20 May 2009 in Toowoomba, Australia. This workshop was jointly sponsored by WMO, the Uni ...
Optimal Global Dynamic Carbon Abatement
... (Chichilnisky and Heal, 1994; Chichilnisky and Heal, 2000; Shiell, 2003). The results are similar to those of Sandmo (2006) and this paper: if the global planner has access to lump-sum transfers, an efficient policy will always equalize marginal abatement costs, whereas this is not necessarily true ...
... (Chichilnisky and Heal, 1994; Chichilnisky and Heal, 2000; Shiell, 2003). The results are similar to those of Sandmo (2006) and this paper: if the global planner has access to lump-sum transfers, an efficient policy will always equalize marginal abatement costs, whereas this is not necessarily true ...
The Kyoto Protocol on Climate Change
... 1.5 ppm per year. If emissions continue at the 1994 rate, the concentration will be around 500 ppm, nearly double the pre-industrial level, by the end of the 21st century. Other greenhouse gases like methane and nitrous oxide have also been rising. The effect is that the atmosphere retains more of t ...
... 1.5 ppm per year. If emissions continue at the 1994 rate, the concentration will be around 500 ppm, nearly double the pre-industrial level, by the end of the 21st century. Other greenhouse gases like methane and nitrous oxide have also been rising. The effect is that the atmosphere retains more of t ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.