Moving Beyond Kyoto - Brookings Institution
... climate change could be a serious problem. What is required is an insurance policy against the possibility that climate change could be very costly to the planet. The key question is: how much insurance is needed, given the current state of our understanding? The answer is that we don’t really know ...
... climate change could be a serious problem. What is required is an insurance policy against the possibility that climate change could be very costly to the planet. The key question is: how much insurance is needed, given the current state of our understanding? The answer is that we don’t really know ...
Atmospheric CO2: Principal Control Knob Governing Earth`s
... which account for 25% of the total terrestrial greenhouse effect, thus serve to provide the stable temperature structure that sustains the current levels of atmospheric water vapor and clouds via feedback processes that account for the remaining 75% of the greenhouse effect. Without the radiative fo ...
... which account for 25% of the total terrestrial greenhouse effect, thus serve to provide the stable temperature structure that sustains the current levels of atmospheric water vapor and clouds via feedback processes that account for the remaining 75% of the greenhouse effect. Without the radiative fo ...
PPT, 1.25 Mb - PreventionWeb
... – A framework for cooperation – Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, Netherlands, Island, Faeroe Islands, UN, NATO, Norw. Red Cross A safe and robust society – where everyone takes responsibility ...
... – A framework for cooperation – Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, Netherlands, Island, Faeroe Islands, UN, NATO, Norw. Red Cross A safe and robust society – where everyone takes responsibility ...
Comunicación sobre el cambio climático: Mejorando la eficacia de
... involvement in the activities of different organizations, environmental actions performed recently, involvement in the activities of environmental groups, general knowledge about climate change, perceived self-efficacy to mitigate climate change, specific attitude towards climate change and intended ...
... involvement in the activities of different organizations, environmental actions performed recently, involvement in the activities of environmental groups, general knowledge about climate change, perceived self-efficacy to mitigate climate change, specific attitude towards climate change and intended ...
Global Climate Change and Biodiversity: Issues and Future Research
... productivity, stability, sustainability and other ecosystem services that are essential for human well-being [5-8]. Loss of biodiversity has become a serious issue in many places around the world. Many factors, such as habit loss and degradation, excessive nutrient load, air and water pollution, ove ...
... productivity, stability, sustainability and other ecosystem services that are essential for human well-being [5-8]. Loss of biodiversity has become a serious issue in many places around the world. Many factors, such as habit loss and degradation, excessive nutrient load, air and water pollution, ove ...
tc7_17_climate_change_waterbirds_0
... quality in estuarine and marine waters. Some marine disease organisms and algal species, including those associated with toxic blooms, are strongly influenced by one or more of these factors. In the last few decades of the twentieth century, there was an increase in reports of diseases affecting cor ...
... quality in estuarine and marine waters. Some marine disease organisms and algal species, including those associated with toxic blooms, are strongly influenced by one or more of these factors. In the last few decades of the twentieth century, there was an increase in reports of diseases affecting cor ...
Comment fonctionne le GIEC et que dit
... • CO2 accumulates in the atmosphere as long as human emissions are larger than the natural absorp,on capacity • Historical emissions from developed countries therefore maXer for a long ,me • As warming ...
... • CO2 accumulates in the atmosphere as long as human emissions are larger than the natural absorp,on capacity • Historical emissions from developed countries therefore maXer for a long ,me • As warming ...
Effects of Cropland Cover Changes on Regional Climate over
... have shown that land cover changes have important consequences for regional climate and ecosystem [Pielke, 2005; Gao et al., 2003]. Cropland as a special land type related to human activities has also significant impacts on regional climate in various areas worldwide, e.g., in China [Zhang et al., 2 ...
... have shown that land cover changes have important consequences for regional climate and ecosystem [Pielke, 2005; Gao et al., 2003]. Cropland as a special land type related to human activities has also significant impacts on regional climate in various areas worldwide, e.g., in China [Zhang et al., 2 ...
S1_Ammann_WIPS_Modeling – ppt
... How well do we understand the cause and magnitude of past changes? What effect on the Earth System did past changes have? Identify and study analogues to future Climate Change (PETM?, Cretaceous, …) Can we develop rigorous benchmarks for climate models on global and regional ...
... How well do we understand the cause and magnitude of past changes? What effect on the Earth System did past changes have? Identify and study analogues to future Climate Change (PETM?, Cretaceous, …) Can we develop rigorous benchmarks for climate models on global and regional ...
PDF
... have their economies largely based on weather-sensitive agricultural productions systems like Nigeria, are particularly vulnerable to climate change (Dinar et al, 2006). This vulnerability has been demonstrated by the devastating effects of recent flooding in the Niger Delta region of the country an ...
... have their economies largely based on weather-sensitive agricultural productions systems like Nigeria, are particularly vulnerable to climate change (Dinar et al, 2006). This vulnerability has been demonstrated by the devastating effects of recent flooding in the Niger Delta region of the country an ...
Building a world-class community of climate innovators - Climate-KIC
... integrating an electric bicycle solution developed by another Climate-KIC partner into our offering for the bigger firms. Our partner role is to add the business thinking. Alongside the research institutes and the sustainability consultancies we focus on developing business models for products and ...
... integrating an electric bicycle solution developed by another Climate-KIC partner into our offering for the bigger firms. Our partner role is to add the business thinking. Alongside the research institutes and the sustainability consultancies we focus on developing business models for products and ...
CSIRO_PHILCCAP_Summary_FNL
... permitted by law, CSIRO (including its employees and consultants) excludes all liability to any person for any consequences, including but not limited to all losses, damages, costs, expenses and any other compensation, arising directly or indirectly from using this publication (in part or in whole) ...
... permitted by law, CSIRO (including its employees and consultants) excludes all liability to any person for any consequences, including but not limited to all losses, damages, costs, expenses and any other compensation, arising directly or indirectly from using this publication (in part or in whole) ...
Impact of climate change on the western Himalayan mountain
... in the context of climate change. There is a need to strengthen climate data collection network which is presently insufficient to meet the requirement of climate change research. The climate data in the region is scarce and in many instances does not involve uniform methodology and standard instrum ...
... in the context of climate change. There is a need to strengthen climate data collection network which is presently insufficient to meet the requirement of climate change research. The climate data in the region is scarce and in many instances does not involve uniform methodology and standard instrum ...
Climate Change Impacts on Rural Based Women
... sources of income and means of production that enable them to provide for their families. This is due to the fact that women in a patriarchal nation such as Zimbabwe which celebrates male dominance evidenced particularly by land ownership, have limited adaptive capacity. This research is one which w ...
... sources of income and means of production that enable them to provide for their families. This is due to the fact that women in a patriarchal nation such as Zimbabwe which celebrates male dominance evidenced particularly by land ownership, have limited adaptive capacity. This research is one which w ...
Chapter 2 of Stern Review: approach to discounting
... Sections 2.5 and 2.6 consider how economic analysis can get to grips with a problem that is uncertain and involves a serious risk of large losses of wellbeing, due to deaths, extinctions of species and heavy economic costs, rather than the marginal changes more commonly considered in economics. For ...
... Sections 2.5 and 2.6 consider how economic analysis can get to grips with a problem that is uncertain and involves a serious risk of large losses of wellbeing, due to deaths, extinctions of species and heavy economic costs, rather than the marginal changes more commonly considered in economics. For ...
Reconfiguring the Contours of Statehood and the Rights of Peoples
... cases offer little guidance as to how situations where there has been an involuntary and permanent removal of a population from its territory can be addressed. Similarly, while international law does address partial intra-state population displacement (“internally displaced persons” are referenced i ...
... cases offer little guidance as to how situations where there has been an involuntary and permanent removal of a population from its territory can be addressed. Similarly, while international law does address partial intra-state population displacement (“internally displaced persons” are referenced i ...
Activity 1.3 Greenhouse Gas Emissions
... students what they know about carbon dioxide and the other greenhouse gases. Have them write their answers on the board. Responses might include: We breathe it out, plants breathe it in, it is in the atmosphere 4. Let the students know that there are natural cycles of carbon dioxide. When organisms ...
... students what they know about carbon dioxide and the other greenhouse gases. Have them write their answers on the board. Responses might include: We breathe it out, plants breathe it in, it is in the atmosphere 4. Let the students know that there are natural cycles of carbon dioxide. When organisms ...
colorado - Center for Integrative Environmental Research
... Colorado is a geographically and topographically complex state with a great deal of variance between areas, resulting in many sub-climates. The variance within the state was accounted for as best as possible by avoiding generalities where they did not apply. More precise data could be gathered on Co ...
... Colorado is a geographically and topographically complex state with a great deal of variance between areas, resulting in many sub-climates. The variance within the state was accounted for as best as possible by avoiding generalities where they did not apply. More precise data could be gathered on Co ...
COMB-Commission on Mediterranean Basin is part of the IGU
... change for Europe and Mediterranean and ISSC ‘Transformative Cornerstones’. We looked for research dealing with climate change and its effects on integrated perspective natural environment and humanity in the Mediterranean region. The complexity of climate change, impacts and adaptation needs to un ...
... change for Europe and Mediterranean and ISSC ‘Transformative Cornerstones’. We looked for research dealing with climate change and its effects on integrated perspective natural environment and humanity in the Mediterranean region. The complexity of climate change, impacts and adaptation needs to un ...
Learning to Die in the Anthropocene
... melt, we may soon find ourselves living in a hothouse climate closer to that of the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum, approximately 56 million years ago, when the planet was ice-free and tropical at the poles. We face the imminent collapse of the agricultural, shipping, and energy networks upon whic ...
... melt, we may soon find ourselves living in a hothouse climate closer to that of the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum, approximately 56 million years ago, when the planet was ice-free and tropical at the poles. We face the imminent collapse of the agricultural, shipping, and energy networks upon whic ...
Protected Area Policies and Climate Change: The Case of the
... Climate change seriously threatens biodiversity. Since we are locked in to significant future climate change even if greenhouse gas emissions are severely reduced today, we need adaptation strategies. Most protected areas have been designed to represent and protect specific natural features, species ...
... Climate change seriously threatens biodiversity. Since we are locked in to significant future climate change even if greenhouse gas emissions are severely reduced today, we need adaptation strategies. Most protected areas have been designed to represent and protect specific natural features, species ...
Brandishing the First Amendment: Commercial Expression in America
... revenue and price signals. Since greenhouse gas emissions are the leading anthropogenic cause of climate change, reducing emissions is at the heart of any solution to climate change.22 A carbon tax would reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the United States, by making carbon-rich energy sources more ...
... revenue and price signals. Since greenhouse gas emissions are the leading anthropogenic cause of climate change, reducing emissions is at the heart of any solution to climate change.22 A carbon tax would reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the United States, by making carbon-rich energy sources more ...
Climate change, biodiversity conservation, deforestation and its
... Introduction Evidence produced in several studies since the early 1990s suggests that large-scale conversion of tropical forests into pastures or annual crops could lead to changes in the climate. Thus, it has been documented that land-use change impacts regional and global climate through the surfa ...
... Introduction Evidence produced in several studies since the early 1990s suggests that large-scale conversion of tropical forests into pastures or annual crops could lead to changes in the climate. Thus, it has been documented that land-use change impacts regional and global climate through the surfa ...
National Challenges for Disaster Risk Reduction
... How much money can the national government give to local level? ...
... How much money can the national government give to local level? ...
A P R
... and a 400 ppm reality will become the ‘new normal’ in 2015 (NOAA, 2015). Weiss and Prinn show that global concentrations for all GHGs combined – so, not only carbon dioxide – were already at 450 parts per million (ppm) in 2014 (AGAGE, 2014; Weiss & Prinn, 2011). The corollary of this rising concentr ...
... and a 400 ppm reality will become the ‘new normal’ in 2015 (NOAA, 2015). Weiss and Prinn show that global concentrations for all GHGs combined – so, not only carbon dioxide – were already at 450 parts per million (ppm) in 2014 (AGAGE, 2014; Weiss & Prinn, 2011). The corollary of this rising concentr ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.