Durham Research Online
... (Boulila et al., 2011; Turner et al., 2011; Turner et al., 2012; Fig. 5). The 13C data suggest an ...
... (Boulila et al., 2011; Turner et al., 2011; Turner et al., 2012; Fig. 5). The 13C data suggest an ...
Tipping elements and climate-economic shocks: Pathways toward
... [2000]’s DICE-99 integrated assessment model (IAM), an estimated willingness to pay to avoid such catastrophes – 1.0% of output-weighted global GDP at 2.5°C and 6.9% of output-weighted global GDP at 6°C – constituted about two-thirds of the total estimated economic damage caused by climate change. T ...
... [2000]’s DICE-99 integrated assessment model (IAM), an estimated willingness to pay to avoid such catastrophes – 1.0% of output-weighted global GDP at 2.5°C and 6.9% of output-weighted global GDP at 6°C – constituted about two-thirds of the total estimated economic damage caused by climate change. T ...
Glacier changes during the past century in the Gangrigabu
... advanced 1117 and 1762 m, and their areas have increased 0.51 and 0.49 km2, respectively. The general pattern of glacier shrinkage during the last two decades can be attributed to climate warming in the region, while a less obvious total area reduction is due to the contribution of advancing glacier ...
... advanced 1117 and 1762 m, and their areas have increased 0.51 and 0.49 km2, respectively. The general pattern of glacier shrinkage during the last two decades can be attributed to climate warming in the region, while a less obvious total area reduction is due to the contribution of advancing glacier ...
Bioregionalisation of the Southern Ocean - WWF
... from six countries attended an Experts Workshop on Bioregionalisation of the Southern Ocean held in Hobart, Australia. The workshop was hosted by the Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre, and WWFAustralia, and sponsored by Peregrine. The workshop was designed to assist with t ...
... from six countries attended an Experts Workshop on Bioregionalisation of the Southern Ocean held in Hobart, Australia. The workshop was hosted by the Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre, and WWFAustralia, and sponsored by Peregrine. The workshop was designed to assist with t ...
International Polar Year Canadian Science Report: Highlights
... also happens to be the time of year when low-level ozone, a greenhouse gas, depletes. What do these events mean for the Arctic environment? Canadian scientists on the IPY OASIS (Ocean-Atmosphere-Sea Ice-Snowpack) project set out to better understand the processes behind the seasonal disappearance of ...
... also happens to be the time of year when low-level ozone, a greenhouse gas, depletes. What do these events mean for the Arctic environment? Canadian scientists on the IPY OASIS (Ocean-Atmosphere-Sea Ice-Snowpack) project set out to better understand the processes behind the seasonal disappearance of ...
Programme - The Future Ocean
... optical properties of the cloud droplets? Indeed, research during the past two decades – reviewed recently suggest this is also valid for other regions as well. Does this rule out a link between marine microorganisms and climate, especially on a regional scale? From that perspective, the Arctic obse ...
... optical properties of the cloud droplets? Indeed, research during the past two decades – reviewed recently suggest this is also valid for other regions as well. Does this rule out a link between marine microorganisms and climate, especially on a regional scale? From that perspective, the Arctic obse ...
ERICON_Deliverable 2.5_20p_May12.indd
... org/geoss.shtml), has been set up by GEO on the basis of a 10-Year Implementation Plan for the period 2005 to 2015. The Plan defines the nine “Societal Benefit Areas” of disasters, health, energy, climate, water, weather, ecosystems, agriculture and biodiversity. GEOSS will provide decisionsupport t ...
... org/geoss.shtml), has been set up by GEO on the basis of a 10-Year Implementation Plan for the period 2005 to 2015. The Plan defines the nine “Societal Benefit Areas” of disasters, health, energy, climate, water, weather, ecosystems, agriculture and biodiversity. GEOSS will provide decisionsupport t ...
Document
... of export flux, regionally perhaps comparable to NO,-driven production, and representing true net sequestration of CO, (Bird pers. comm.). Dense blooms of Trichodesmium are widespread in moderate latitudes and supply fixed N at rates significant relative to algal demand and sometimes more rapidly th ...
... of export flux, regionally perhaps comparable to NO,-driven production, and representing true net sequestration of CO, (Bird pers. comm.). Dense blooms of Trichodesmium are widespread in moderate latitudes and supply fixed N at rates significant relative to algal demand and sometimes more rapidly th ...
Climate Change and Coastal Human Settlements
... Some of the key anticipated manifestations of climate change for the Caribbean include elevated air and sea-surface temperatures, sea-level rise, possible changes in extreme events and a reduction in freshwater resources. The present research focuses on how human settlements distributed along the co ...
... Some of the key anticipated manifestations of climate change for the Caribbean include elevated air and sea-surface temperatures, sea-level rise, possible changes in extreme events and a reduction in freshwater resources. The present research focuses on how human settlements distributed along the co ...
Major Tipping Points in the Earth`s Climate System
... Switzerland and Allianz SE, Munich, Germany. Any reproduction in full or in part of this publication must mention the title and credit the above-mentioned publisher as the copyrightowner. © Text (2009) WWF and Allianz SE. All rights reserved. ...
... Switzerland and Allianz SE, Munich, Germany. Any reproduction in full or in part of this publication must mention the title and credit the above-mentioned publisher as the copyrightowner. © Text (2009) WWF and Allianz SE. All rights reserved. ...
2. Products - Dragoness - Nansen Environmental and Remote
... The red tide forecasting techniques may be divided into the empirical analysis method, the statistical method and the eco-dynamic numerical model method based on the forecasting theory which is considered to be the most prospective method in red tide forecasting. The empirical analysis forecasting m ...
... The red tide forecasting techniques may be divided into the empirical analysis method, the statistical method and the eco-dynamic numerical model method based on the forecasting theory which is considered to be the most prospective method in red tide forecasting. The empirical analysis forecasting m ...
Climate change challenges Tuvalu
... Tidal gauge data show that the global average sea level rose between 0.1 and 0.2 meters during the 20th century. According to the Third Assessment Report of the IPCC, the sea level is projected to rise another 0.09 meters to 0.88 meters by the end of this century at the rate of 5 mm an average per y ...
... Tidal gauge data show that the global average sea level rose between 0.1 and 0.2 meters during the 20th century. According to the Third Assessment Report of the IPCC, the sea level is projected to rise another 0.09 meters to 0.88 meters by the end of this century at the rate of 5 mm an average per y ...
Future sea level
The rate of global mean sea-level rise (~3 mm/yr; SLR) has accelerated compared to the mean of the 20th century (~2 mm/yr), but the rate of rise is locally variable. Factors contributing to SLR include decreased global ice volume and warming of the ocean. On Greenland, the deficiency between annual ice gained and lost tripled between 1996 and 2007. On Antarctica the deficiency increased by 75%. Mountain glaciers are retreating and the cumulative mean thickness change has accelerated from about −1.8 to −4 m in 1965 to 1970 to about −12 to −14 m in the first decade of the 21st century. From 1961 to 2003, ocean temperatures to a depth of 700 m increased and portions of the deeper ocean are warming.The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2007) projected sea level would reach 0.18 to 0.59 m above present by the end of the 21st century but lacked an estimate of ice flow dynamics calving. Calving was added by Pfeffer et al. (2008) indicating 0.8 to 2 m of SLR by 2100 (favouring the low end of this range). Rahmstorf (2007) estimated SLR will reach 0.5 to 1.4 m by the end of the century. Pielke (2008) points out that observed SLR has exceeded the best case projections thus far. These approximations and others indicate that global mean SLR may reach 1 m by the end of this century. However, sea level is highly variable and planners considering local impacts must take this variability into account.