References - Palmer LTER
... 99, in SIO Ref. 99-14, pp. 55, University of California, San Diego, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA, 1999. Baker, K.S., B.J. Benson, D.L. Henshaw, D. Blodgett, J.H. Porter, and S.G. Stafford, Evolution of a multisite network information system: the LTER information management parad ...
... 99, in SIO Ref. 99-14, pp. 55, University of California, San Diego, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA, 1999. Baker, K.S., B.J. Benson, D.L. Henshaw, D. Blodgett, J.H. Porter, and S.G. Stafford, Evolution of a multisite network information system: the LTER information management parad ...
Temperature and substrates as interactive limiting factors for marine
... tinct substrate-temperature interaction. These results can be visualized as a response surface in 3-dimensional plots, such as those in Fig. 3. The response surface for Escherichia coli also has been shown in Fig. 1 of Wiebe & Pomeroy (2000). While all response surfaces have the same general form, t ...
... tinct substrate-temperature interaction. These results can be visualized as a response surface in 3-dimensional plots, such as those in Fig. 3. The response surface for Escherichia coli also has been shown in Fig. 1 of Wiebe & Pomeroy (2000). While all response surfaces have the same general form, t ...
Guidelines for Responding to the Effects of Climate Change in
... its potential impacts and options for adaptation and mitigation.” The IPCC’s First Assessment Report was completed in August 1990 and served as the technical basis for the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change in 1992 (UNFCCC). Its objective is the: ...
... its potential impacts and options for adaptation and mitigation.” The IPCC’s First Assessment Report was completed in August 1990 and served as the technical basis for the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change in 1992 (UNFCCC). Its objective is the: ...
The Response of Precipitation Minus Evapotranspiration to Climate
... with climate warming, even though this is sometimes assumed to be the case. The physical basis of the simple scaling is weaker over land than ocean (Held and Soden 2006), and recent studies have found that it fails to capture simulated changes in P−E over land (Roderick et al. 2014) and is not confi ...
... with climate warming, even though this is sometimes assumed to be the case. The physical basis of the simple scaling is weaker over land than ocean (Held and Soden 2006), and recent studies have found that it fails to capture simulated changes in P−E over land (Roderick et al. 2014) and is not confi ...
WGICA - ICES
... Ecosystem Approach Expert Group (EAEG). The workshop considered the potential for an integrated ecosystem assessment in the central Arctic Ocean. The workshop concluded that the purpose of an IEA for the central Arctic Ocean was seen as twofold: 1) provide a holistic and integrated view on the statu ...
... Ecosystem Approach Expert Group (EAEG). The workshop considered the potential for an integrated ecosystem assessment in the central Arctic Ocean. The workshop concluded that the purpose of an IEA for the central Arctic Ocean was seen as twofold: 1) provide a holistic and integrated view on the statu ...
2015 Arctic Report Card
... As sea ice retreat becomes more extensive in summer and previously ice-covered water is exposed to more solar radiation, sea surface temperature (SST) and upper ocean temperatures are increasing throughout much of the Arctic Ocean and adjacent seas. The Chukchi Sea northwest of Alaska and eastern Ba ...
... As sea ice retreat becomes more extensive in summer and previously ice-covered water is exposed to more solar radiation, sea surface temperature (SST) and upper ocean temperatures are increasing throughout much of the Arctic Ocean and adjacent seas. The Chukchi Sea northwest of Alaska and eastern Ba ...
The Response of Precipitation Minus
... warming climate, following the Clausius–Clapeyron relation at roughly constant relative humidity [a similar mechanism was termed the direct moisture effect by Chou and Neelin (2004)]. The dynamical contribution to precipitation changes is also important locally (Xie et al. 2010; Huang et al. 2013; C ...
... warming climate, following the Clausius–Clapeyron relation at roughly constant relative humidity [a similar mechanism was termed the direct moisture effect by Chou and Neelin (2004)]. The dynamical contribution to precipitation changes is also important locally (Xie et al. 2010; Huang et al. 2013; C ...
Future sea level
The rate of global mean sea-level rise (~3 mm/yr; SLR) has accelerated compared to the mean of the 20th century (~2 mm/yr), but the rate of rise is locally variable. Factors contributing to SLR include decreased global ice volume and warming of the ocean. On Greenland, the deficiency between annual ice gained and lost tripled between 1996 and 2007. On Antarctica the deficiency increased by 75%. Mountain glaciers are retreating and the cumulative mean thickness change has accelerated from about −1.8 to −4 m in 1965 to 1970 to about −12 to −14 m in the first decade of the 21st century. From 1961 to 2003, ocean temperatures to a depth of 700 m increased and portions of the deeper ocean are warming.The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2007) projected sea level would reach 0.18 to 0.59 m above present by the end of the 21st century but lacked an estimate of ice flow dynamics calving. Calving was added by Pfeffer et al. (2008) indicating 0.8 to 2 m of SLR by 2100 (favouring the low end of this range). Rahmstorf (2007) estimated SLR will reach 0.5 to 1.4 m by the end of the century. Pielke (2008) points out that observed SLR has exceeded the best case projections thus far. These approximations and others indicate that global mean SLR may reach 1 m by the end of this century. However, sea level is highly variable and planners considering local impacts must take this variability into account.