Earth Atmospheric Land Surface Temperature and Station Quality in
... In addition to the meso scale effects of UHI one needs to also consider the potential for micro site bias, that is, biases that arise from physical processes that dominate with 100 meters of the station [8-12]. Micro site bias can be present at both an urban site or at a rural site such that a rural ...
... In addition to the meso scale effects of UHI one needs to also consider the potential for micro site bias, that is, biases that arise from physical processes that dominate with 100 meters of the station [8-12]. Micro site bias can be present at both an urban site or at a rural site such that a rural ...
APES CH19 Overview
... B. Geologic records and atmospheric measurements provide a wealth of information about past atmospheric temperatures and climate. On average, over the past 900,000 years, there has been a cycle of global cooling and global warming. The cycles are known as glacial and interglacial periods. 19-2 Why ...
... B. Geologic records and atmospheric measurements provide a wealth of information about past atmospheric temperatures and climate. On average, over the past 900,000 years, there has been a cycle of global cooling and global warming. The cycles are known as glacial and interglacial periods. 19-2 Why ...
aerosols - climateknowledge.org
... • Aerosols can mean more reflection of solar cooler • Aerosols can absorb more solar radiation in the atmosphere heat the atmosphere • In very polluted air they almost act like a “second” surface. They warm the atmosphere, cool the earth’s surface. ...
... • Aerosols can mean more reflection of solar cooler • Aerosols can absorb more solar radiation in the atmosphere heat the atmosphere • In very polluted air they almost act like a “second” surface. They warm the atmosphere, cool the earth’s surface. ...
Global Warming: Attribution, who is to blame?
... state of the earth-atmosphere system and the state variables along with higher order statistics. Also, we must describe extremes and recurrence frequencies. ...
... state of the earth-atmosphere system and the state variables along with higher order statistics. Also, we must describe extremes and recurrence frequencies. ...
Think Again: Climate Change
... heating the planet. Indeed, there is a more thorough scientific process here than on almost any other issue: Two decades ago, the United Nations formed the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and charged its scientists with synthesizing the peer-reviewed science and developing broad-bas ...
... heating the planet. Indeed, there is a more thorough scientific process here than on almost any other issue: Two decades ago, the United Nations formed the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and charged its scientists with synthesizing the peer-reviewed science and developing broad-bas ...
Wage et to fall unle warming i tackled
... http://www.ecobusiness.com/news/wagessettofallunlesswarmingistackled/ ...
... http://www.ecobusiness.com/news/wagessettofallunlesswarmingistackled/ ...
Slide 1 - climateknowledge.org
... Multiple lines of evidence on which “discernible human influence” conclusions are based 1. “Basic physics” evidence – Physical understanding of the climate system and the heat-trapping properties of greenhouse gases 2. Circumstantial evidence – Qualitative agreement between observed climate changes ...
... Multiple lines of evidence on which “discernible human influence” conclusions are based 1. “Basic physics” evidence – Physical understanding of the climate system and the heat-trapping properties of greenhouse gases 2. Circumstantial evidence – Qualitative agreement between observed climate changes ...
our role in saving the
... are using 50 per cent more resources that the Earth can sustainably produce and un- ...
... are using 50 per cent more resources that the Earth can sustainably produce and un- ...
Course Outline for Geography 8
... a. Retrieve current weather observation data for Bay Area locations from the Internet and draw weather station models using conventional symbology b. Write an analysis of surface weather maps 1) Interpret meteorological symbols 2) Explain motion of frontal boundaries and 3) convergent/divergent cond ...
... a. Retrieve current weather observation data for Bay Area locations from the Internet and draw weather station models using conventional symbology b. Write an analysis of surface weather maps 1) Interpret meteorological symbols 2) Explain motion of frontal boundaries and 3) convergent/divergent cond ...
Climate Change and the Responsibility of Civil Society:
... not catastrophic, consequences for humanity–including the poor–and the rest of the world’s inhabitants. 2. Natural causes almost certainly account for a large majority of global warming in both the last thirty and the last one hundred fifty years, which together constitute an episode in the natural ...
... not catastrophic, consequences for humanity–including the poor–and the rest of the world’s inhabitants. 2. Natural causes almost certainly account for a large majority of global warming in both the last thirty and the last one hundred fifty years, which together constitute an episode in the natural ...
Global Warming: Current Issues And Implications
... For some decades now, global warming has been with us. As the name connotes, it is a universal issue which has vivid, tremendous and pronounced effects in every part of the globe. Its impacts and effects depend on the geographical location of the region on the surface of the earth. In this short ess ...
... For some decades now, global warming has been with us. As the name connotes, it is a universal issue which has vivid, tremendous and pronounced effects in every part of the globe. Its impacts and effects depend on the geographical location of the region on the surface of the earth. In this short ess ...
High resolution RCM simulation of eastern Mediterranean climate
... Modern global climate change evaluations usually based on application of coupled atmosphere-ocean global climate models (AOGCM). Contemporary European AOGCM models are characterized by quite coarse (~200 km) space resolution, which precludes them from representing effects of small scale processes. D ...
... Modern global climate change evaluations usually based on application of coupled atmosphere-ocean global climate models (AOGCM). Contemporary European AOGCM models are characterized by quite coarse (~200 km) space resolution, which precludes them from representing effects of small scale processes. D ...
Recent climate change in Japan
... 2006) rank among the 12 warmest years in the instrumental record of global surface temperature (since 1850) (IPCC, 2007). Although the temperature increase is widespread over the globe, spatial and temporal characteristics of temperature trends can be found with highest values in northern latitudes; ...
... 2006) rank among the 12 warmest years in the instrumental record of global surface temperature (since 1850) (IPCC, 2007). Although the temperature increase is widespread over the globe, spatial and temporal characteristics of temperature trends can be found with highest values in northern latitudes; ...
Downlaod File
... causing similar effects on global temperature like we see today. Given scientific evidences proving in the geological rocks found all around the world that the earth has gone through severe temperature changes through its history from natural cause’s non-human made. It indicates that we may be facin ...
... causing similar effects on global temperature like we see today. Given scientific evidences proving in the geological rocks found all around the world that the earth has gone through severe temperature changes through its history from natural cause’s non-human made. It indicates that we may be facin ...
Study Guide II (Chpts 4 - 6, Christopherson)
... ocean influence (marine climate). The middle of continents and E coast are not influenced much by the ocean (continental climate). Why are temperature changes much smaller over ocean? 1. specific heat of water is high compared to land 2. water is highly mobile (shares its heat over large volume) 3. ...
... ocean influence (marine climate). The middle of continents and E coast are not influenced much by the ocean (continental climate). Why are temperature changes much smaller over ocean? 1. specific heat of water is high compared to land 2. water is highly mobile (shares its heat over large volume) 3. ...
tipping points - EPIZ – Berlin
... 3-5 °C Sahelzone • The weakening of the Atlantic Current will also have impacts on monsoon patterns in Western Africa. • Those shifts are likely to make the Sahel desert expand and make other parts of it fertile. ...
... 3-5 °C Sahelzone • The weakening of the Atlantic Current will also have impacts on monsoon patterns in Western Africa. • Those shifts are likely to make the Sahel desert expand and make other parts of it fertile. ...
Dramatically increasing chance of extremely hot summers since the
... by 10◦ W–40◦ E and 30◦ –50◦ N, which, among a number of predefined climatic regions19 , was mostly affected by the 2003 heatwave. The use of a pre-defined region helps minimize selection bias. The selected area largely includes the countries where heat-related mortality peaked (France, Germany and I ...
... by 10◦ W–40◦ E and 30◦ –50◦ N, which, among a number of predefined climatic regions19 , was mostly affected by the 2003 heatwave. The use of a pre-defined region helps minimize selection bias. The selected area largely includes the countries where heat-related mortality peaked (France, Germany and I ...
Pew Center. 2010. Antarctic Climate Change
... That is not to say that the southern hemisphere is exempt from global warming. As in the north, the southern hemisphere as a whole has warmed over the past half century, but at a slower rate than in the north (Trenberth et al. 2007). The southern hemisphere has much less land surface and more ocean ...
... That is not to say that the southern hemisphere is exempt from global warming. As in the north, the southern hemisphere as a whole has warmed over the past half century, but at a slower rate than in the north (Trenberth et al. 2007). The southern hemisphere has much less land surface and more ocean ...
Assessing and predicting regional climate change
... • Assessing – if not possible: determination of consistency of ongoing change and deflated projections. (Bhend and von Storch, 2008) • Predicting – not really possible at this time (except for first examples), almost all cases are descriptions of possible, plausible, internally consistent futures (s ...
... • Assessing – if not possible: determination of consistency of ongoing change and deflated projections. (Bhend and von Storch, 2008) • Predicting – not really possible at this time (except for first examples), almost all cases are descriptions of possible, plausible, internally consistent futures (s ...
Potential Climate Change impacts on Sugar Maple Trees in NEW
... Huntington, T.G., Hodgkins, G.A., Keim, B.D., and Dudley, R.W. 2004. Changes in the Proportion of Precipitation Occurring as Snow in New England (1949-2000), Journal of Climate 17: 2626-2636. Huntington, T. G., G. A. Hodgkins, and R. W. Dudley, 2003: His- torical trend in river ice thickness and coh ...
... Huntington, T.G., Hodgkins, G.A., Keim, B.D., and Dudley, R.W. 2004. Changes in the Proportion of Precipitation Occurring as Snow in New England (1949-2000), Journal of Climate 17: 2626-2636. Huntington, T. G., G. A. Hodgkins, and R. W. Dudley, 2003: His- torical trend in river ice thickness and coh ...
Causes of the northern high-latitude land surface
... [2] In the past few decades, the annual average temperature over the NHL land surface has risen at almost twice the rate of the global average, disrupting the region and its people in many ways [e.g., Arctic Climate Impact Assessment, 2004]. Based on the long-term station data from the Global Histor ...
... [2] In the past few decades, the annual average temperature over the NHL land surface has risen at almost twice the rate of the global average, disrupting the region and its people in many ways [e.g., Arctic Climate Impact Assessment, 2004]. Based on the long-term station data from the Global Histor ...
A Safe Landing for the Climate (Chapter 2)
... Green House Gases • Greenhouse gases are gases in an atmosphere that absorb and emit radiation within the thermal infrared range. This process is the fundamental cause of the greenhouse effect. Common greenhouse gases in the Earth’s atmosphere include water vapor, CO², methane, nitrous oxide, and o ...
... Green House Gases • Greenhouse gases are gases in an atmosphere that absorb and emit radiation within the thermal infrared range. This process is the fundamental cause of the greenhouse effect. Common greenhouse gases in the Earth’s atmosphere include water vapor, CO², methane, nitrous oxide, and o ...
Detection and attribution
... Zorita, E., T. Stocker and H. von Storch, 2008: How unusual is the recent series of warm years? Geophys. Res. Lett. 35, L24706, doi:10.1029/2008GL036228, ...
... Zorita, E., T. Stocker and H. von Storch, 2008: How unusual is the recent series of warm years? Geophys. Res. Lett. 35, L24706, doi:10.1029/2008GL036228, ...
PPT
... average temperatures since the mid-20th century is very likely due to the observed increase in anthropogenic greenhouse gas concentrations.” Q: Are there other (natural) forces at work? A: Yes, e.g., Ein from the sun has been going up. But this is about 1/10th of anthropogenic impacts. Q: Can other ...
... average temperatures since the mid-20th century is very likely due to the observed increase in anthropogenic greenhouse gas concentrations.” Q: Are there other (natural) forces at work? A: Yes, e.g., Ein from the sun has been going up. But this is about 1/10th of anthropogenic impacts. Q: Can other ...
Instrumental temperature record
The instrumental temperature record shows fluctuations of the temperature of earth's climate system. Initially the instrumental temperature record only documented land and sea surface temperature, but in recent decades instruments have also begun recording ocean temperature. Data is collected from thousands of meteorological stations around the globe and through satellite observations. The longest-running temperature record is the Central England temperature data series, that starts in 1659. The longest-running quasi-global record starts in 1850.