Chapter 3: Climate Change
... Responding effectively to climate change is both urgent and long term. It is urgent in that our actions and responses in the next 5–15 years may effectively lock in large-scale and irreversible planetary changes over this and subsequent centuries. The December 2015 Paris Agreement sets the internati ...
... Responding effectively to climate change is both urgent and long term. It is urgent in that our actions and responses in the next 5–15 years may effectively lock in large-scale and irreversible planetary changes over this and subsequent centuries. The December 2015 Paris Agreement sets the internati ...
Assessing recent trends in high-latitude Southern
... Understanding the causes of recent climatic trends and variability in the high-latitude Southern Hemisphere is hampered by a short instrumental record. Here, we analyse recent atmosphere, surface ocean and sea-ice observations in this region and assess their trends in the context of palaeoclimate re ...
... Understanding the causes of recent climatic trends and variability in the high-latitude Southern Hemisphere is hampered by a short instrumental record. Here, we analyse recent atmosphere, surface ocean and sea-ice observations in this region and assess their trends in the context of palaeoclimate re ...
Climate change scenarios in Europe and their potential
... Conclusions • Climate is changing and will continue to change • Europe will be affected by the changing climate • Expected changes in temperature (Max and Min), precipitation and extreme events • Our understanding of the climate system and its prediction (better models, new physics, higher resolutio ...
... Conclusions • Climate is changing and will continue to change • Europe will be affected by the changing climate • Expected changes in temperature (Max and Min), precipitation and extreme events • Our understanding of the climate system and its prediction (better models, new physics, higher resolutio ...
Hydrological Responses to Climate Change in the Water Receiving
... Key Laboratory of Water Cycle & Related Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China ...
... Key Laboratory of Water Cycle & Related Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China ...
Slide 1
... with the unprecedented, legally enforced ambition of limiting and reducing the greenhouse gas emissions. – Annex-I countries have a target to bring down the GHG emission, individually or jointly, by at least by 5%below 1990 levels in the first commitment period of 2008 to 2012. – Countries are to ma ...
... with the unprecedented, legally enforced ambition of limiting and reducing the greenhouse gas emissions. – Annex-I countries have a target to bring down the GHG emission, individually or jointly, by at least by 5%below 1990 levels in the first commitment period of 2008 to 2012. – Countries are to ma ...
HCOL FINAL RESEARCH PAPER!x
... vapor, and most importantly CO2) act like a blanket over the atmosphere and trap in heat (“Climate Change Facts,” 2012). In recent decades, humans have emitted extreme amounts of CO2 into the atmosphere through fossil fuel consumption, use of electricity, and farming of agriculture. On their website ...
... vapor, and most importantly CO2) act like a blanket over the atmosphere and trap in heat (“Climate Change Facts,” 2012). In recent decades, humans have emitted extreme amounts of CO2 into the atmosphere through fossil fuel consumption, use of electricity, and farming of agriculture. On their website ...
This article was originally published in a journal published by
... climate is much more than long-term weather statistics and is a system that involves nonlinear physical, chemical, and biological interactions between the land, atmosphere, oceans, and continental ice sheets (Rial et al., 2004; Pielke, 2001a). The National Research Council (2005, their Fig. 1-1) ill ...
... climate is much more than long-term weather statistics and is a system that involves nonlinear physical, chemical, and biological interactions between the land, atmosphere, oceans, and continental ice sheets (Rial et al., 2004; Pielke, 2001a). The National Research Council (2005, their Fig. 1-1) ill ...
Catholic international organisations1 facing up to climate change
... 1. Our call: a firm commitment in 2015 for the good of present and future generations a) We underline the upmost importance of international agreements that contribute to sustainable development. The 20th Conference of the Parties (COP20) of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change ...
... 1. Our call: a firm commitment in 2015 for the good of present and future generations a) We underline the upmost importance of international agreements that contribute to sustainable development. The 20th Conference of the Parties (COP20) of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change ...
CASE STUDY PRECIS - Nexus for ICTs, Climate Change and
... As mentioned above, relying on one model for projections of future climate over a particular region can be problematic. A common way of assessing the reliability of model results is to perform multiple 'runs' of the model to test for variations and sensitivity to different initial conditions (e.g. ...
... As mentioned above, relying on one model for projections of future climate over a particular region can be problematic. A common way of assessing the reliability of model results is to perform multiple 'runs' of the model to test for variations and sensitivity to different initial conditions (e.g. ...
Governance and Management ClIMATE ChAnGE bRIEFInG pApER
... (and tomorrow’s) companies and their accountants. ...
... (and tomorrow’s) companies and their accountants. ...
Scenario and modelling uncertainty in global mean temperature
... (Hawkins and Sutton, 2009), a framework that explicitly ignores uncertainties in carbon cycle processes (Friedlingstein et al., 2006), which relate emissions to global concentrations. As a result, emission-driven projections have largely relied on simpler modelling frameworks and to date, no study h ...
... (Hawkins and Sutton, 2009), a framework that explicitly ignores uncertainties in carbon cycle processes (Friedlingstein et al., 2006), which relate emissions to global concentrations. As a result, emission-driven projections have largely relied on simpler modelling frameworks and to date, no study h ...
The Angry Summer - Investor Group on Climate Change
... to levels never previously observed. Based on the network of long-term, high quality stations, no previous event has resulted in so many temperature records (BoM, 2012; BoM, 2013a). ...
... to levels never previously observed. Based on the network of long-term, high quality stations, no previous event has resulted in so many temperature records (BoM, 2012; BoM, 2013a). ...
Geographies of Race and Food
... deep divisions through the negotiating parties at the 2009 COP 15 summit at Copenhagen, and it is likely to become increasingly intense as the impacts of climate change grow more severe. In April 2010, the British lawyer, Polly Higgins added to the debates about global responsibilities for climate c ...
... deep divisions through the negotiating parties at the 2009 COP 15 summit at Copenhagen, and it is likely to become increasingly intense as the impacts of climate change grow more severe. In April 2010, the British lawyer, Polly Higgins added to the debates about global responsibilities for climate c ...
Biogeophysical effects of historical land cover changes simulated by
... of land cover changes occurred prior to 1700, the differences in tree area changes between the KNMI (for which changes are from 1700 to 1992) and the other models (changes are from 1000 to 1992) may be explained by the differences in initial states (Fig. 1b). Atmospheric CO2 concentration in simulati ...
... of land cover changes occurred prior to 1700, the differences in tree area changes between the KNMI (for which changes are from 1700 to 1992) and the other models (changes are from 1000 to 1992) may be explained by the differences in initial states (Fig. 1b). Atmospheric CO2 concentration in simulati ...
Climate Change Impacts on Marine Ecosystems
... Humans influence climate primarily through fossil-fuel, industrial, agricultural, and other landuse emissions that alter atmospheric composition. Long-lived, heat-trapping greenhouse gases (CO2 , CH4 , N2 O, tropospheric ozone, and chlorofluorocarbons) warm the planet’s surface globally, whereas short ...
... Humans influence climate primarily through fossil-fuel, industrial, agricultural, and other landuse emissions that alter atmospheric composition. Long-lived, heat-trapping greenhouse gases (CO2 , CH4 , N2 O, tropospheric ozone, and chlorofluorocarbons) warm the planet’s surface globally, whereas short ...
IPCC-XLV/Doc. 6
... not well captured in the title and the participants agreed that the communication experts within the IPCC Secretariat could be tasked with suggesting an appropriate subtitle that best captures these human dimensions. However, an appropriate subtitle that communicated these dimensions while also bein ...
... not well captured in the title and the participants agreed that the communication experts within the IPCC Secretariat could be tasked with suggesting an appropriate subtitle that best captures these human dimensions. However, an appropriate subtitle that communicated these dimensions while also bein ...
The geography of climate change: implications
... the effects of aspect, slope, relative elevation, and surrounding terrain on solar exposure, wind, and cold air drainage. Microclimate is the finest scale variability determined by vegetation cover and fine-scale (<10 m) surface features. Investigating the geography of climate change requires the av ...
... the effects of aspect, slope, relative elevation, and surrounding terrain on solar exposure, wind, and cold air drainage. Microclimate is the finest scale variability determined by vegetation cover and fine-scale (<10 m) surface features. Investigating the geography of climate change requires the av ...
Interactive comment on “Relationship between climate
... between nomadic groups and agrarian societies based on careful analysis of historical documents, selected one of most reliable climatic change series reconstructed based on historical documents, and compared two sequence to analyze the influence of climate change on Sino-nomad wars. Like any other l ...
... between nomadic groups and agrarian societies based on careful analysis of historical documents, selected one of most reliable climatic change series reconstructed based on historical documents, and compared two sequence to analyze the influence of climate change on Sino-nomad wars. Like any other l ...
Climate Change and Cherry Tree Blossom Festivals in
... cherry trees in Kyoto during the last few decades. With this equation and past dates of cherry blossom festivals, Dr. Aono was then able to estimate March temperatures in Kyoto going back to the 11th century. Obviously the accuracy of the estimates depends on the number of years for which data exis ...
... cherry trees in Kyoto during the last few decades. With this equation and past dates of cherry blossom festivals, Dr. Aono was then able to estimate March temperatures in Kyoto going back to the 11th century. Obviously the accuracy of the estimates depends on the number of years for which data exis ...
Evolution of The Biosphere - University of Northern
... The total temperature change with altitude is about 72°C (130°F), or 6.5°C per km (lapse rate) • It is the region where all weather occurs, and it is kept well stirred by rising and descending air currents • The transition region of no temperature change is the “tropopause”: it marks the beginning o ...
... The total temperature change with altitude is about 72°C (130°F), or 6.5°C per km (lapse rate) • It is the region where all weather occurs, and it is kept well stirred by rising and descending air currents • The transition region of no temperature change is the “tropopause”: it marks the beginning o ...
Chapter 6: Agriculture - Oregon Climate Change Research Institute
... drought tolerance through increasing water use efficiency of some crops, but this benefit is largely constrained to the next several decades (Eigenbrode et al., 2013). Higher CO2 in the air can also lower the nutritional value of some staple foods, such as wheat, by reducing protein and essential mi ...
... drought tolerance through increasing water use efficiency of some crops, but this benefit is largely constrained to the next several decades (Eigenbrode et al., 2013). Higher CO2 in the air can also lower the nutritional value of some staple foods, such as wheat, by reducing protein and essential mi ...
The Mesoamerican Reef
... The Caribbean reefs have been subject to intense over fishing since the 1960s Belize shows evidence of over fishing by both small-scale local fishers and industrial fishing fleets Over fishing also hurts the reefs ability to recover from climate related threats like coral bleaching Taking to much se ...
... The Caribbean reefs have been subject to intense over fishing since the 1960s Belize shows evidence of over fishing by both small-scale local fishers and industrial fishing fleets Over fishing also hurts the reefs ability to recover from climate related threats like coral bleaching Taking to much se ...
EURO-CORDEX-LUC: A new initiative on - (ICRC)
... • learn from LUMIP protocol (global Land Use Model Intercomparison Project) • use a common reference vegetation distribution in the regional models • consistent translation of land use forcing: clear allocation methods of new land use on existing land use types clear land use implementation pro ...
... • learn from LUMIP protocol (global Land Use Model Intercomparison Project) • use a common reference vegetation distribution in the regional models • consistent translation of land use forcing: clear allocation methods of new land use on existing land use types clear land use implementation pro ...
Comments on “A Unified
... Figure 1 (in [Palmer’s] paper) illustrates schematically some of the implications of such nonlinearity— in our view it is key to explaining the relevance of seamless prediction for studies of climate change. The figure shows a chain. One end of this chain represents humanity’s forcing of climate thr ...
... Figure 1 (in [Palmer’s] paper) illustrates schematically some of the implications of such nonlinearity— in our view it is key to explaining the relevance of seamless prediction for studies of climate change. The figure shows a chain. One end of this chain represents humanity’s forcing of climate thr ...
Impact of climate change on the hydrologic cycle and implications
... phases (Huybers, 2006). These glaciations ended during the Holocene epoch resulting in a more stable climatic state. Hence, the Earth’s climate has never been the same since its formation. However, the changes that occurred during different geological periods were natural, progressive and took thous ...
... phases (Huybers, 2006). These glaciations ended during the Holocene epoch resulting in a more stable climatic state. Hence, the Earth’s climate has never been the same since its formation. However, the changes that occurred during different geological periods were natural, progressive and took thous ...
Instrumental temperature record
The instrumental temperature record shows fluctuations of the temperature of earth's climate system. Initially the instrumental temperature record only documented land and sea surface temperature, but in recent decades instruments have also begun recording ocean temperature. Data is collected from thousands of meteorological stations around the globe and through satellite observations. The longest-running temperature record is the Central England temperature data series, that starts in 1659. The longest-running quasi-global record starts in 1850.