McREDD: How McKinsey `cost-curves` are distorting - REDD
... of operating over enormous areas with, globally, hundreds of millions of smallholders. Giving forest dwellers or farmers money equivalent to the market values of those outputs “wouldn’t help them much”.14 Significant upfront investments would be needed in ‘readiness’ actions related to governance an ...
... of operating over enormous areas with, globally, hundreds of millions of smallholders. Giving forest dwellers or farmers money equivalent to the market values of those outputs “wouldn’t help them much”.14 Significant upfront investments would be needed in ‘readiness’ actions related to governance an ...
Revised 21st century temperature projections *, Paul C. Knappenberger Patrick J. Michaels
... the climate sensitivity so that for a given input emission scenario (adjusted to account for the enhanced CO2 concentrations produced by the CO2 /climate feedback), the output temperature change for the year 2100 best matched the TAR values. In every case, we had to increase the climate sensitivity. ...
... the climate sensitivity so that for a given input emission scenario (adjusted to account for the enhanced CO2 concentrations produced by the CO2 /climate feedback), the output temperature change for the year 2100 best matched the TAR values. In every case, we had to increase the climate sensitivity. ...
Get Real on Climate: Climate change lesson
... 1. Organize the class into “expert groups” of (preferably three to four) students per topic: • Team 1: Climate Change Basics • Team 2: Effects of Climate Change • Team 3: Taking Action on Climate Change (Industry/National/International level) • Team 4: Taking Action on Climate Change (Personal/Commu ...
... 1. Organize the class into “expert groups” of (preferably three to four) students per topic: • Team 1: Climate Change Basics • Team 2: Effects of Climate Change • Team 3: Taking Action on Climate Change (Industry/National/International level) • Team 4: Taking Action on Climate Change (Personal/Commu ...
Climate Choices for a Sustainable Southwest
... 18.4 Limiting Emissions in the Southwest To keep human-caused climate change below dangerous levels, the National Research Council (2010d) suggested that the United States and other industrial countries should reduce GHG emissions by 50% to 80% by 2050 compared to 1990 levels. This would give a rea ...
... 18.4 Limiting Emissions in the Southwest To keep human-caused climate change below dangerous levels, the National Research Council (2010d) suggested that the United States and other industrial countries should reduce GHG emissions by 50% to 80% by 2050 compared to 1990 levels. This would give a rea ...
Report on Greenpeace NZ Campaign to Raise
... While some New Zealanders are climate change deniers and argue that any such change is due to natural causes, there is plenty of evidence that climate change is happening. But how concerned might New Zealanders be today that Greenland and Antarctic ice sheet are melting and over some centuries might ...
... While some New Zealanders are climate change deniers and argue that any such change is due to natural causes, there is plenty of evidence that climate change is happening. But how concerned might New Zealanders be today that Greenland and Antarctic ice sheet are melting and over some centuries might ...
1 Residential Solar Panels and Their Impact on the Reduction of
... will cause more than half of the climate change that will occur over the next century (Vitousek 1994). Over the past two hundred years, carbon dioxide emissions have been increasing, mostly due to industrialization and rising demands for electricity and the associated fossil fuel burning (Lenton 200 ...
... will cause more than half of the climate change that will occur over the next century (Vitousek 1994). Over the past two hundred years, carbon dioxide emissions have been increasing, mostly due to industrialization and rising demands for electricity and the associated fossil fuel burning (Lenton 200 ...
Weather warning report - Priestley International Centre for Climate
... it can be more easily taken down and re-built. That way we can stay ahead of the eroding cliff line.” Phil Dyke, National Trust coastal adviser ...
... it can be more easily taken down and re-built. That way we can stay ahead of the eroding cliff line.” Phil Dyke, National Trust coastal adviser ...
PDF
... diversification and (iii) maintaining existing permanent grassland. However, most studies do not take climate change impacts into account. The qualitative studies conducted by Lefebrve et al. (2012) as well as Westhoek et al. (2012) find that the greening of pillar 1 payments is likely to have only ...
... diversification and (iii) maintaining existing permanent grassland. However, most studies do not take climate change impacts into account. The qualitative studies conducted by Lefebrve et al. (2012) as well as Westhoek et al. (2012) find that the greening of pillar 1 payments is likely to have only ...
FFESCsynthesisAppendixIkwedit
... In BC’s central Interior, the TACA tree regeneration model found that species vulnerability to climate change varied considerably among species, BEC zones and site types (xeric, mesic, moist). Lodgepole pine, black spruce and trembling aspen were quite resistant across the full range of sites where ...
... In BC’s central Interior, the TACA tree regeneration model found that species vulnerability to climate change varied considerably among species, BEC zones and site types (xeric, mesic, moist). Lodgepole pine, black spruce and trembling aspen were quite resistant across the full range of sites where ...
one National Security and Climate Change in Perspective
... economic and demographic issues. Perhaps this was because it was more direct and obvious why and how these areas generated significant threats, and because it was more readily apparent how the nation could handle these challenges. This trend snowballed as not only climate change skeptics but also so ...
... economic and demographic issues. Perhaps this was because it was more direct and obvious why and how these areas generated significant threats, and because it was more readily apparent how the nation could handle these challenges. This trend snowballed as not only climate change skeptics but also so ...
Climate Refugees and Rebels: Who Gets to Shape the
... period of European expansionism. As historian David Arnold writes, “While race was often regarded as a self-sufficient and self-evident dynamic, used to explain and justify the superiority of Europeans on a global scale, geographical and climatic determinism was also used to bolster racial argument ...
... period of European expansionism. As historian David Arnold writes, “While race was often regarded as a self-sufficient and self-evident dynamic, used to explain and justify the superiority of Europeans on a global scale, geographical and climatic determinism was also used to bolster racial argument ...
Empathy and Climate Change
... Climate change poses the fundamental problem of motivating us to act, and make sacrifices, on the behalf of future generations – people whose lives are distant from us through time. We need to cut our carbon emissions right now for the benefit of individuals who do not yet exist and whom we shall ne ...
... Climate change poses the fundamental problem of motivating us to act, and make sacrifices, on the behalf of future generations – people whose lives are distant from us through time. We need to cut our carbon emissions right now for the benefit of individuals who do not yet exist and whom we shall ne ...
Costing Climate Change Adaptation: A Review of Estimates and Approaches
... Therefore, adaptation measures are important to limit the negative impacts of climate change even though with adaptation there will be residual damages/costs. For this, adaptation and its cost estimation is vital to gear up the climate talk and fund disbursement with liability, compensation, equity ...
... Therefore, adaptation measures are important to limit the negative impacts of climate change even though with adaptation there will be residual damages/costs. For this, adaptation and its cost estimation is vital to gear up the climate talk and fund disbursement with liability, compensation, equity ...
Climate change consequences for the indoor
... environmental stimuli that form the input for our physical sensations, which are the data of perception upon which we react in the form of behaviour and/or evaluations (Taylor, 2006). They can influence our sensations via the three major regulation and control systems of the human body (nervous syst ...
... environmental stimuli that form the input for our physical sensations, which are the data of perception upon which we react in the form of behaviour and/or evaluations (Taylor, 2006). They can influence our sensations via the three major regulation and control systems of the human body (nervous syst ...
PDF
... Discussion of responses to climate change has focused on the options of mitigation and adaptation. These have frequently been presented as polar alternatives, with some opponents of action to stabilize the global climate arguing that it would be more cost-effective to focus on adaptation. However, ...
... Discussion of responses to climate change has focused on the options of mitigation and adaptation. These have frequently been presented as polar alternatives, with some opponents of action to stabilize the global climate arguing that it would be more cost-effective to focus on adaptation. However, ...
Teacher Pack
... confirmed Australia would aim for those same targets whether the US decides to stick with them or not. Here's more about the target and what could happen if one of the world's biggest polluters ...
... confirmed Australia would aim for those same targets whether the US decides to stick with them or not. Here's more about the target and what could happen if one of the world's biggest polluters ...
Greenhouse effect: Who has the answers?
... becoming more sophisticated, no reliable predictions can be made for particular regions. “Some commentators in Australia believe that we should lead the world and set an example in reducing greenhouse gas emissions. But, it should not be forgotten that Australia is a small manufacturing country, and ...
... becoming more sophisticated, no reliable predictions can be made for particular regions. “Some commentators in Australia believe that we should lead the world and set an example in reducing greenhouse gas emissions. But, it should not be forgotten that Australia is a small manufacturing country, and ...
The environmental dimension of food supply chains
... impacts of high temperatures and water shortages will be more evident. Negative impacts may include a higher proliferation of insect pests in warmer climates and a greater number of insects’ reproductive cycles due to longer growing seasons (9). Other effects could be changing patterns of crop and l ...
... impacts of high temperatures and water shortages will be more evident. Negative impacts may include a higher proliferation of insect pests in warmer climates and a greater number of insects’ reproductive cycles due to longer growing seasons (9). Other effects could be changing patterns of crop and l ...
English - MDG Fund
... M J, 2009), and pointed out that in controlling global greenhouse gas emissions, targets based on cumulative carbon emissions are better compared to emission reduction targets based on single points in time. In 2009, the German Advisory Council on Global Change (WBGU) proposed German Carbon Budget P ...
... M J, 2009), and pointed out that in controlling global greenhouse gas emissions, targets based on cumulative carbon emissions are better compared to emission reduction targets based on single points in time. In 2009, the German Advisory Council on Global Change (WBGU) proposed German Carbon Budget P ...
a comparative study of biodiversity conservation coping with climate
... According to Department of Environmental Conservation of New York, 2012 conserving as many plants and animals as possible is important for the benefit of humans and of other species. Individual species help us to meet our basic needs. We literally need to conserve biodiversity as our lives depend on ...
... According to Department of Environmental Conservation of New York, 2012 conserving as many plants and animals as possible is important for the benefit of humans and of other species. Individual species help us to meet our basic needs. We literally need to conserve biodiversity as our lives depend on ...
Caring for climate a guide to the climate change convention
... ANNEX I Parties include the industrialized countries that were members of the OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) in 1992, plus countries with economies in transition (the EIT Parties), including the Russian Federation, the Baltic States, and several Central and Eastern Eur ...
... ANNEX I Parties include the industrialized countries that were members of the OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) in 1992, plus countries with economies in transition (the EIT Parties), including the Russian Federation, the Baltic States, and several Central and Eastern Eur ...
economics of climate change: sensitivity analysis of social cost
... Climate change can be seen as market failure that is caused by global GHG emissions (Stern, 2006). Global GHG emissions are negative externalities because the costs of them are mainly paid by future generations, not by the polluters. Therefore, polluters have no or little incentive to reduce the emi ...
... Climate change can be seen as market failure that is caused by global GHG emissions (Stern, 2006). Global GHG emissions are negative externalities because the costs of them are mainly paid by future generations, not by the polluters. Therefore, polluters have no or little incentive to reduce the emi ...
IV. Round Table 3: Land-based approach to climate change
... LDN is generally understood as a state where the amount of healthy and productive land is stable or increases, this refers to both biological and economic productivity (sensu UNCCD 1994). This can be achieved by avoided degradation and the rehabilitation of already degraded lands. It is considered t ...
... LDN is generally understood as a state where the amount of healthy and productive land is stable or increases, this refers to both biological and economic productivity (sensu UNCCD 1994). This can be achieved by avoided degradation and the rehabilitation of already degraded lands. It is considered t ...
February 26, 2014 Ms. Mabel Echols Office of Information and
... To facilitate accounting for the costs of climate impacts and the benefits of reducing carbon pollution in regulatory proceedings undertaken by different agencies, the United States government assembled the IWG in 2010 to develop an estimate of a social cost of carbon that can be utilized in rulemak ...
... To facilitate accounting for the costs of climate impacts and the benefits of reducing carbon pollution in regulatory proceedings undertaken by different agencies, the United States government assembled the IWG in 2010 to develop an estimate of a social cost of carbon that can be utilized in rulemak ...
Climate Change Scenarios
... credible tools currently available for simulating the physical processes that determine global climate. Experiments with these models have been ongoing since the 1970s, but it is only really in the last 10-15 years that the information from them has been used for climate change scenario construction ...
... credible tools currently available for simulating the physical processes that determine global climate. Experiments with these models have been ongoing since the 1970s, but it is only really in the last 10-15 years that the information from them has been used for climate change scenario construction ...
Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme
The Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme (or CPRS) was a proposed cap-and-trade system of emissions trading for anthropogenic greenhouse gases, due to be introduced in Australia in 2010 by the Rudd government, as part of its climate change policy. It marked a major change in the energy policy of Australia. The policy began when the Australian Labor Party was in opposition and the six Labor-controlled states commissioned an independent review on energy policy, the Garnaut Climate Change Review, which published a number of reports. Labor, after winning the federal election and forming a government, published a Green paper for discussion and comment. The Federal Treasury then modelled some of the financial and economic impacts of the proposed scheme.The Rudd Government published a final white paper on 15 December 2008. The Government announced that the legislation was intended to take effect in July 2010; but the legislation for the CPRS (aka ETS) failed to gain adequate support and was twice rejected creating a double dissolution election trigger. After a bitter political debate which saw former opposition leader Malcolm Turnbull lose his leadership of the opposition to the anti-CPRS Tony Abbott. The Rudd government did not call an election and the CPRS lost public support. In April 2010, Labor then deferred the CPRS. A successor to the CPRS, the Carbon Pricing Mechanism (CPM) was passed into law as part of the Clean Energy Futures Package (CEF) in 2011, but was repealed in July 2014 following a change in government.