Black carbon aerosols and the third polar ice cap
... simulations that include the snow/ice albedo (SA) change due to black carbon (BC) deposition on snow/ice surfaces (D+I+SA). (4) To evaluate the influence of sea-surface temperature (SST) changes on snow/ice cover, we include SSTs averaged for 1993–2002 for Year 2000 aerosol emissions instead of the ...
... simulations that include the snow/ice albedo (SA) change due to black carbon (BC) deposition on snow/ice surfaces (D+I+SA). (4) To evaluate the influence of sea-surface temperature (SST) changes on snow/ice cover, we include SSTs averaged for 1993–2002 for Year 2000 aerosol emissions instead of the ...
Health_1_Formatted. ppt
... Available data allow for qualitative assessment of vulnerability For example, given current burden of diarrheal diseases and projected changes in precipitation, will vulnerability remain the same, increase, or decrease? ...
... Available data allow for qualitative assessment of vulnerability For example, given current burden of diarrheal diseases and projected changes in precipitation, will vulnerability remain the same, increase, or decrease? ...
An overlook between the relationship of global climate change and
... modifying the chemistry of the water; this acidification is killing coral and other sources of food for higher order fish. Soil composition can no longer support the demanding amount of crops needed for human survival in certain regions of the world (Future Climate Change, 2016). These changes do no ...
... modifying the chemistry of the water; this acidification is killing coral and other sources of food for higher order fish. Soil composition can no longer support the demanding amount of crops needed for human survival in certain regions of the world (Future Climate Change, 2016). These changes do no ...
publication - International Energy Agency
... emissions from fuel combustion may not be the same as the figures that a country submits to the UNFCCC, even if a country has accounted for all of its energy use and correctly applied the IPCC Guidelines. In this publication, the IEA Secretariat presents CO2 emissions from fuel combustion. IEA estim ...
... emissions from fuel combustion may not be the same as the figures that a country submits to the UNFCCC, even if a country has accounted for all of its energy use and correctly applied the IPCC Guidelines. In this publication, the IEA Secretariat presents CO2 emissions from fuel combustion. IEA estim ...
PDF
... specialists and first responders are not even close to being prepared to handle scale and intensity of impacts that will arise from the harsher conditions and disasters that global warming will unleash. It is not that we haven’t experienced natural disasters before, but the scientific data show that ...
... specialists and first responders are not even close to being prepared to handle scale and intensity of impacts that will arise from the harsher conditions and disasters that global warming will unleash. It is not that we haven’t experienced natural disasters before, but the scientific data show that ...
Climate Change, Federalism, and the Constitution
... the United States, the response to this global problem so far has primarily been at the state and local levels. Federal climate change legislation seems increasingly likely, but at least some states are likely to continue pursuing independent climate change measures. Congress has the final word on t ...
... the United States, the response to this global problem so far has primarily been at the state and local levels. Federal climate change legislation seems increasingly likely, but at least some states are likely to continue pursuing independent climate change measures. Congress has the final word on t ...
A Critique of the Coal Divestment Campaign
... to meet the target agreed by governments to limit the long term rise in the average global temperature to 2 degrees Celsius (°C).” In particular the IEA (2013) points out that “15% of global CO2 emissions receive an incentive of $110 per tonne in the form of fossil-fuel subsidies while only 8% are s ...
... to meet the target agreed by governments to limit the long term rise in the average global temperature to 2 degrees Celsius (°C).” In particular the IEA (2013) points out that “15% of global CO2 emissions receive an incentive of $110 per tonne in the form of fossil-fuel subsidies while only 8% are s ...
How far are biodiversity loss and climate change similar as policy
... element of the travel and leisure industry, most of which is far less dependent on biodiversity (and, in its reliance on long-distance air travel and provision of luxury, itself a significant source of CO2 and unsustainable consumption). 3.3 Level of public understanding Climate change is clearer as ...
... element of the travel and leisure industry, most of which is far less dependent on biodiversity (and, in its reliance on long-distance air travel and provision of luxury, itself a significant source of CO2 and unsustainable consumption). 3.3 Level of public understanding Climate change is clearer as ...
CPUC Workshop on Societal Cost Test
... SCC in California • Reflective of established GHG reduction policies • Potentially higher level of certainty about underlying costs • Consistent with driving investment in known opportunities for climate mitigation In determining the avoided costs of carbon reductions, we can compare mitigation cost ...
... SCC in California • Reflective of established GHG reduction policies • Potentially higher level of certainty about underlying costs • Consistent with driving investment in known opportunities for climate mitigation In determining the avoided costs of carbon reductions, we can compare mitigation cost ...
‘Ye Olde Hot Aire’*: reporting on human tabloid press
... (Deuze 2005, p 877). Generalist approaches can exacerbate distortions of scientific information when complex scientific material is put in media reports (Anderson 1997). Related to this are increasing pressures on time to deadlines as well as space constraints in the paper itself. Interviewee Emma M ...
... (Deuze 2005, p 877). Generalist approaches can exacerbate distortions of scientific information when complex scientific material is put in media reports (Anderson 1997). Related to this are increasing pressures on time to deadlines as well as space constraints in the paper itself. Interviewee Emma M ...
STRATEGIES FOR A HOLISTIC RESPONSE TO OZONE
... these policies lies on the attempt to reduce the emissions of, inter alia, HFCs and PFCs, used as ODSs substitutes,15 without affecting the achievement of Montreal Protocol’s goals. This would be in accordance with decision 17/CP.5 entitled “Relationship between efforts to protect the stratospheric ...
... these policies lies on the attempt to reduce the emissions of, inter alia, HFCs and PFCs, used as ODSs substitutes,15 without affecting the achievement of Montreal Protocol’s goals. This would be in accordance with decision 17/CP.5 entitled “Relationship between efforts to protect the stratospheric ...
The Non-Regulatory Alternatives to GHG Regulations
... the polar ice cap by less than twenty-five percent would maintain the "natural" level of ice in the Arctic, even with a doubling of atmospheric CO2 levels. By increasing the shading to fifty percent, and the ice shelves grow. Further, the restoration happens fast. Within five years, the temperature ...
... the polar ice cap by less than twenty-five percent would maintain the "natural" level of ice in the Arctic, even with a doubling of atmospheric CO2 levels. By increasing the shading to fifty percent, and the ice shelves grow. Further, the restoration happens fast. Within five years, the temperature ...
Read Article
... Source: United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Economic Research Service (2012). In India, over 60 percent of crops are rain-fed, which makes these agricultural areas very vulnerable to changes in precipitation due to climate change (World Bank, 2013a). It was calculated that a 2°C rise in ...
... Source: United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Economic Research Service (2012). In India, over 60 percent of crops are rain-fed, which makes these agricultural areas very vulnerable to changes in precipitation due to climate change (World Bank, 2013a). It was calculated that a 2°C rise in ...
Economics ethics climate change (opens in new window)
... Different notions of consequentialist ethics emphasise different aspects of the consequences of decisions for present and future people and for the environment. Sen (1999) argues persuasively that relevant consequences not only include those for human well-being, but also those for human agency: ind ...
... Different notions of consequentialist ethics emphasise different aspects of the consequences of decisions for present and future people and for the environment. Sen (1999) argues persuasively that relevant consequences not only include those for human well-being, but also those for human agency: ind ...
brief
... SUMMARY OF ARGUMENT The Department of Energy (“DOE”)’s energy conservation standards for commercial refrigeration equipment (“the Rule”), 79 Fed. Reg. 17,726 (Mar. 28, 2014), will reduce carbon pollution, help mitigate climate change, and so generate billions of dollars in quantifiable benefits to e ...
... SUMMARY OF ARGUMENT The Department of Energy (“DOE”)’s energy conservation standards for commercial refrigeration equipment (“the Rule”), 79 Fed. Reg. 17,726 (Mar. 28, 2014), will reduce carbon pollution, help mitigate climate change, and so generate billions of dollars in quantifiable benefits to e ...
Economics, ethics and climate change
... Different notions of consequentialist ethics emphasise different aspects of the consequences of decisions for present and future people and for the environment. Sen (1999) argues persuasively that relevant consequences not only include those for human well-being, but also those for human agency: ind ...
... Different notions of consequentialist ethics emphasise different aspects of the consequences of decisions for present and future people and for the environment. Sen (1999) argues persuasively that relevant consequences not only include those for human well-being, but also those for human agency: ind ...
The Changing Himalayas
... Sanlaville and Prieur, 2005). China and India are today experiencing strong economic growth, growing international importance, and a rapid reduction in poverty. China and India are also the two leading producers of rice in the world, most of the harvest coming from irrigated agriculture in the Gange ...
... Sanlaville and Prieur, 2005). China and India are today experiencing strong economic growth, growing international importance, and a rapid reduction in poverty. China and India are also the two leading producers of rice in the world, most of the harvest coming from irrigated agriculture in the Gange ...
Climate policy convergence in Europe: an assessment based on
... in a problematic divide. Because of the rejection of the Protocol by the US, as a result of the unanimous acceptance of the Byrd-Hagel resolution by the US Senate which condemned the lack of meaningful participation of developing countries, as well as the lengthy hesitation by Russia, it took eight ...
... in a problematic divide. Because of the rejection of the Protocol by the US, as a result of the unanimous acceptance of the Byrd-Hagel resolution by the US Senate which condemned the lack of meaningful participation of developing countries, as well as the lengthy hesitation by Russia, it took eight ...
Climate Change Adaptation Roadmap
... The responsibility of the Department of Defense is the security of our country. That requires thinking ahead and planning for a wide range of contingencies. Among the future trends that will impact our national security is climate change. Rising global temperatures, changing precipitation patterns, ...
... The responsibility of the Department of Defense is the security of our country. That requires thinking ahead and planning for a wide range of contingencies. Among the future trends that will impact our national security is climate change. Rising global temperatures, changing precipitation patterns, ...
PDF
... While this makes for wonderful rhetoric and fascinating research (e.g., Tol, 2001), reality shows little compassion for the poor by the rich. Furthermore, if poverty is the root cause for vulnerability to climate change, one may wonder whether stimulating economic growth or emission abatement is the ...
... While this makes for wonderful rhetoric and fascinating research (e.g., Tol, 2001), reality shows little compassion for the poor by the rich. Furthermore, if poverty is the root cause for vulnerability to climate change, one may wonder whether stimulating economic growth or emission abatement is the ...
Greenhouse Effect - Stephen Schneider
... to be taken into account. There is considerable uncertainty about how much newly injected CO2 will remain in the air during the next century, but typical estimates put this so-called "airborne fraction" at about 50%. Reducing CO2 emissions could initially provide a bonus by allowing the reduction of ...
... to be taken into account. There is considerable uncertainty about how much newly injected CO2 will remain in the air during the next century, but typical estimates put this so-called "airborne fraction" at about 50%. Reducing CO2 emissions could initially provide a bonus by allowing the reduction of ...
An Abrupt Climate Change Scenario and Its
... weather persisted for over 1,000 years. While this event had an enormous effect on the ocean and land surrounding Europe (causing icebergs to be found as far south as the coast of Portugal), its impact would be more severe today – in our densely populated society. It is the more recent periods of co ...
... weather persisted for over 1,000 years. While this event had an enormous effect on the ocean and land surrounding Europe (causing icebergs to be found as far south as the coast of Portugal), its impact would be more severe today – in our densely populated society. It is the more recent periods of co ...
A new role for forests and the forest sector in the EU post
... been progressively included in a more comprehensive fashion in developed countries’ reporting obligations under the Kyoto Protocol. In contrast, developing countries can only contribute to emission reductions in the land use sector on a voluntary basis, through the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) ...
... been progressively included in a more comprehensive fashion in developed countries’ reporting obligations under the Kyoto Protocol. In contrast, developing countries can only contribute to emission reductions in the land use sector on a voluntary basis, through the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) ...
Dietz et al. 2007. Support for CC Policy
... such as the fossil fuel industry, to shape elite and media debate about climate change are well documented. These efforts contribute to the resulting media coverage that often exhibits a pro-corporate bias and emphasizes uncertainty, leaving audiences potentially confused and apathetic about climate ...
... such as the fossil fuel industry, to shape elite and media debate about climate change are well documented. These efforts contribute to the resulting media coverage that often exhibits a pro-corporate bias and emphasizes uncertainty, leaving audiences potentially confused and apathetic about climate ...
Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme
The Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme (or CPRS) was a proposed cap-and-trade system of emissions trading for anthropogenic greenhouse gases, due to be introduced in Australia in 2010 by the Rudd government, as part of its climate change policy. It marked a major change in the energy policy of Australia. The policy began when the Australian Labor Party was in opposition and the six Labor-controlled states commissioned an independent review on energy policy, the Garnaut Climate Change Review, which published a number of reports. Labor, after winning the federal election and forming a government, published a Green paper for discussion and comment. The Federal Treasury then modelled some of the financial and economic impacts of the proposed scheme.The Rudd Government published a final white paper on 15 December 2008. The Government announced that the legislation was intended to take effect in July 2010; but the legislation for the CPRS (aka ETS) failed to gain adequate support and was twice rejected creating a double dissolution election trigger. After a bitter political debate which saw former opposition leader Malcolm Turnbull lose his leadership of the opposition to the anti-CPRS Tony Abbott. The Rudd government did not call an election and the CPRS lost public support. In April 2010, Labor then deferred the CPRS. A successor to the CPRS, the Carbon Pricing Mechanism (CPM) was passed into law as part of the Clean Energy Futures Package (CEF) in 2011, but was repealed in July 2014 following a change in government.