Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs)
... concept of NAMAs emerged as part of the Bali Road Map that was agreed at the United Nations Climate Change Conference in Bali in December 2007. They are a set of government prioritized actions aimed at reducing or limiting GHG emissions. NAMAs are expected to be the main vehicle for mitigation actio ...
... concept of NAMAs emerged as part of the Bali Road Map that was agreed at the United Nations Climate Change Conference in Bali in December 2007. They are a set of government prioritized actions aimed at reducing or limiting GHG emissions. NAMAs are expected to be the main vehicle for mitigation actio ...
Our Changing Climate - Climate Research Division
... one to two weeks earlier. These regional changes are consistent with global trends. During the past 100 years, average temperatures have risen more than one degree Fahrenheit worldwide. Research indicates that much of this warming is due to human activities, primarily burning fossil fuels and clea ...
... one to two weeks earlier. These regional changes are consistent with global trends. During the past 100 years, average temperatures have risen more than one degree Fahrenheit worldwide. Research indicates that much of this warming is due to human activities, primarily burning fossil fuels and clea ...
A Conceptual Tool for Climate Change Risk Assessment
... climate damage functions—usually a linear or quadratic mathematical function that relates changes in temperature with economic impacts (Hope 2006; Nordhaus 2008). The approach is powerful because it provides an analytical framework to explore the aggregated consequences of climate change to society ...
... climate damage functions—usually a linear or quadratic mathematical function that relates changes in temperature with economic impacts (Hope 2006; Nordhaus 2008). The approach is powerful because it provides an analytical framework to explore the aggregated consequences of climate change to society ...
The Carbon Neutral Myth
... warming, British Airways is tackling the issue full on,” proclaimed the director of Climate Care, while Elliot Morley MP, the UK Government minister for climate change and environment, urged all air travellers to consider offsetting their flights.8 In the time that British Airways has been in partne ...
... warming, British Airways is tackling the issue full on,” proclaimed the director of Climate Care, while Elliot Morley MP, the UK Government minister for climate change and environment, urged all air travellers to consider offsetting their flights.8 In the time that British Airways has been in partne ...
Resilience an approach for urban climate change
... These factors are closely related to the causes and effects of climate change. Increasing in precipitation is one of reasons causing flooding in urban. Urban flooding which is intensifying due to rapid urbanization has been an inevitable problem for several cities in the world. The increase in imper ...
... These factors are closely related to the causes and effects of climate change. Increasing in precipitation is one of reasons causing flooding in urban. Urban flooding which is intensifying due to rapid urbanization has been an inevitable problem for several cities in the world. The increase in imper ...
... instrument choice (e.g. emissions taxes, allowance trading, technology R&D, prescriptive regulation, reducing deforestation, and geoengineering), the spatial scale (local, regional, national, global), time scale (precautionary or adaptive, over decades or centuries), normative criteria, and other pa ...
Climate change and ecosystems of the Mid
... wetlands. Estuaries are sensitive to changes in temperature, salinity and nutrient loads, and could be adversely affected by projected climatic changes. Populations of rare, native species could decline, while problems with non-native invasive species, such as kudzu and gypsy moths, might increase. ...
... wetlands. Estuaries are sensitive to changes in temperature, salinity and nutrient loads, and could be adversely affected by projected climatic changes. Populations of rare, native species could decline, while problems with non-native invasive species, such as kudzu and gypsy moths, might increase. ...
Weitzman2009-Modeling-Economics-ClimateChange.pdf
... into the future, thereby straining the concept of time discounting and placing a heavy burden on the choice of an interest rate. Nor does uniqueness come from the unsure outcome of a stochastic process with known structure and known objective-frequency probabilities. Much more unsettling for an appl ...
... into the future, thereby straining the concept of time discounting and placing a heavy burden on the choice of an interest rate. Nor does uniqueness come from the unsure outcome of a stochastic process with known structure and known objective-frequency probabilities. Much more unsettling for an appl ...
On Modeling and Interpreting the Economics of Catastrophic
... into the future, thereby straining the concept of time discounting and placing a heavy burden on the choice of an interest rate. Nor does uniqueness come from the unsure outcome of a stochastic process with known structure and known objective-frequency probabilities. Much more unsettling for an appl ...
... into the future, thereby straining the concept of time discounting and placing a heavy burden on the choice of an interest rate. Nor does uniqueness come from the unsure outcome of a stochastic process with known structure and known objective-frequency probabilities. Much more unsettling for an appl ...
October 22 2012 Session B Sustainability
... market to specify end uses not resolvable project-by-project • Canada adopt implementation strategy that optimizes natural gas as transition fuel and ensures gas is preferentially used to replace carbon-intensive, polluting fuels Rec.8-9 • Agency develop GHG emissions guidance document in which sust ...
... market to specify end uses not resolvable project-by-project • Canada adopt implementation strategy that optimizes natural gas as transition fuel and ensures gas is preferentially used to replace carbon-intensive, polluting fuels Rec.8-9 • Agency develop GHG emissions guidance document in which sust ...
Climate change and health in Earth`s future
... Glue, in contrast, describes the attachments that people have with their current location, often the ancestral home, which weigh against migration. In some areas, ecological disruption will weaken the emotional and economic ties that people have with their places and ecosystems, including for those ...
... Glue, in contrast, describes the attachments that people have with their current location, often the ancestral home, which weigh against migration. In some areas, ecological disruption will weaken the emotional and economic ties that people have with their places and ecosystems, including for those ...
Aerobic rice: An adaptation strategy that also reduces methane
... yields. 4,5,6 Farmers wishing to sustain rice production will need to shift their planting schedules to accommodate changes in temperature and rainfall patterns. Some will need to select alternative rice varieties or discontinue rice production in the dry season, if irrigation water resources are re ...
... yields. 4,5,6 Farmers wishing to sustain rice production will need to shift their planting schedules to accommodate changes in temperature and rainfall patterns. Some will need to select alternative rice varieties or discontinue rice production in the dry season, if irrigation water resources are re ...
Managing climate risk using climate-smart agriculture
... food prices translate into high variability in domestic production and staple food prices. In the absence of risk management institutions, farmers adopt less risky and less profitable land uses that lower overall productivity. Available studies suggest that farm incomes would be as much as 30 percen ...
... food prices translate into high variability in domestic production and staple food prices. In the absence of risk management institutions, farmers adopt less risky and less profitable land uses that lower overall productivity. Available studies suggest that farm incomes would be as much as 30 percen ...
Provide an initial estimate of the uncertainty in UK predicted climate
... emphasised here), in that as finer scales are considered, additional phenomena and processes must be modelled, thus increasing the scope for disagreement amongst models. This source of uncertainty is therefore also relevant within a ‘consistent’ modelling framework, such as an RCM/GCM combination wi ...
... emphasised here), in that as finer scales are considered, additional phenomena and processes must be modelled, thus increasing the scope for disagreement amongst models. This source of uncertainty is therefore also relevant within a ‘consistent’ modelling framework, such as an RCM/GCM combination wi ...
PDF
... possible outcomes. Increasingly, however, attention has focused on the more fundamental problem that some relevant future events are not foreseen ...
... possible outcomes. Increasingly, however, attention has focused on the more fundamental problem that some relevant future events are not foreseen ...
PDF
... (i) a significant increase in the relative profitability of crops compared to other landcovers, thus possibly increasing its agricultural land-use share over other land covers, and (ii) an increase in total European production which may have impacts on agricultural goods markets, thus highlighting t ...
... (i) a significant increase in the relative profitability of crops compared to other landcovers, thus possibly increasing its agricultural land-use share over other land covers, and (ii) an increase in total European production which may have impacts on agricultural goods markets, thus highlighting t ...
Changing Northern Hemisphere Storm Tracks in an Ensemble of
... 500-hPa level) we find no clear evidence for such a general bias in the MSLP storm track. The agreement of the simulated storm-track pattern with its NCEP counterpart can be quantified by pattern correlations over all Northern Hemisphere grid points. All 16 models are able to reproduce the observed ...
... 500-hPa level) we find no clear evidence for such a general bias in the MSLP storm track. The agreement of the simulated storm-track pattern with its NCEP counterpart can be quantified by pattern correlations over all Northern Hemisphere grid points. All 16 models are able to reproduce the observed ...
Climate Change, Federalism, and the Constitution
... emissions by 178% while California, comprising the second largest percentage of emissions, increased by 85%.15 Florida, although only fifth on the list, showed a 347% increase; New York, with a similar level of emissions, actually showed a slight decrease. 16 There is plenty of room for further prog ...
... emissions by 178% while California, comprising the second largest percentage of emissions, increased by 85%.15 Florida, although only fifth on the list, showed a 347% increase; New York, with a similar level of emissions, actually showed a slight decrease. 16 There is plenty of room for further prog ...
Abrupt Climate Change - University of California San Diego
... life for about 4 billion years (3); however, data indicate that over times of 1 year to 1 million years, the dominant feedbacks in the climate system have amplified climate perturbations. For example, global-mean temperature changes of perhaps 5° to 6°C over iceage cycles (4) are generally believed ...
... life for about 4 billion years (3); however, data indicate that over times of 1 year to 1 million years, the dominant feedbacks in the climate system have amplified climate perturbations. For example, global-mean temperature changes of perhaps 5° to 6°C over iceage cycles (4) are generally believed ...
Climate change impacts and adaptation strategies in the
... rise of greenhouse gas emissions in the atmosphere, the world is already committed to climate change. It is true that the severity of impacts we are likely to encounter will be determined by our ability to slow, stop and reverse emissions over the coming years. But it will also be determined by our ...
... rise of greenhouse gas emissions in the atmosphere, the world is already committed to climate change. It is true that the severity of impacts we are likely to encounter will be determined by our ability to slow, stop and reverse emissions over the coming years. But it will also be determined by our ...
- MIT Press Journals
... into the future, thereby straining the concept of time discounting and placing a heavy burden on the choice of an interest rate. Nor does uniqueness come from the unsure outcome of a stochastic process with known structure and known objective-frequency probabilities. Much more unsettling for an appl ...
... into the future, thereby straining the concept of time discounting and placing a heavy burden on the choice of an interest rate. Nor does uniqueness come from the unsure outcome of a stochastic process with known structure and known objective-frequency probabilities. Much more unsettling for an appl ...
Energy Policy - Pure
... mechanism that could reduce investment requirements and enhance investment impacts by recovering and reinvesting some of the savings generated by early investments. Such funds have been created in various contexts, but there has never been a formal academic evaluation of their potential to contribut ...
... mechanism that could reduce investment requirements and enhance investment impacts by recovering and reinvesting some of the savings generated by early investments. Such funds have been created in various contexts, but there has never been a formal academic evaluation of their potential to contribut ...
mb335e
... new niches appear.10 Furthermore, studies suggest that increases in temperature, even if small in magnitude, may have negative impact on tropical insects, including beneficial insects, because they may already be living in an environment very close to their optimal temperature.11 Hosts and pathogens ...
... new niches appear.10 Furthermore, studies suggest that increases in temperature, even if small in magnitude, may have negative impact on tropical insects, including beneficial insects, because they may already be living in an environment very close to their optimal temperature.11 Hosts and pathogens ...
Tried and tested: Learning from farmers on adaptation to
... habitats when their natural controls are removed; soil and water are contaminated by chemicals; crop pollinators decline; agricultural labourers incur more health costs; the agro-biodiversity that helps maintain ecosystem functioning is lost; and the costs of mitigating the greenhouse gases emitted ...
... habitats when their natural controls are removed; soil and water are contaminated by chemicals; crop pollinators decline; agricultural labourers incur more health costs; the agro-biodiversity that helps maintain ecosystem functioning is lost; and the costs of mitigating the greenhouse gases emitted ...
Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme
The Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme (or CPRS) was a proposed cap-and-trade system of emissions trading for anthropogenic greenhouse gases, due to be introduced in Australia in 2010 by the Rudd government, as part of its climate change policy. It marked a major change in the energy policy of Australia. The policy began when the Australian Labor Party was in opposition and the six Labor-controlled states commissioned an independent review on energy policy, the Garnaut Climate Change Review, which published a number of reports. Labor, after winning the federal election and forming a government, published a Green paper for discussion and comment. The Federal Treasury then modelled some of the financial and economic impacts of the proposed scheme.The Rudd Government published a final white paper on 15 December 2008. The Government announced that the legislation was intended to take effect in July 2010; but the legislation for the CPRS (aka ETS) failed to gain adequate support and was twice rejected creating a double dissolution election trigger. After a bitter political debate which saw former opposition leader Malcolm Turnbull lose his leadership of the opposition to the anti-CPRS Tony Abbott. The Rudd government did not call an election and the CPRS lost public support. In April 2010, Labor then deferred the CPRS. A successor to the CPRS, the Carbon Pricing Mechanism (CPM) was passed into law as part of the Clean Energy Futures Package (CEF) in 2011, but was repealed in July 2014 following a change in government.