Abstract - Centre for Marine Science
... floats, gliders and moorings, can enhance the existing ship and satellite based observations and provide a major step change in the capacity to deliver sustained biogeochemical observations needed to characterise variability and detect trends. The observing system should also be integrated with the ...
... floats, gliders and moorings, can enhance the existing ship and satellite based observations and provide a major step change in the capacity to deliver sustained biogeochemical observations needed to characterise variability and detect trends. The observing system should also be integrated with the ...
How are salmon changing in response to climate change?
... What does the best dataset in Alaska say about salmon response to climate change? Is salmon run timing changing with warming? Yes – most juveniles and adults emigrating and immigrating earlier. What are the effects on salmon availability? Smaller window in which ecosystem service available for harv ...
... What does the best dataset in Alaska say about salmon response to climate change? Is salmon run timing changing with warming? Yes – most juveniles and adults emigrating and immigrating earlier. What are the effects on salmon availability? Smaller window in which ecosystem service available for harv ...
Economic and social benefits of meteorology and
... 18 million Swiss Francs or, as there are about 3.1 households in Switzerland, approximately 6 Swiss Francs per household. When the costs of MeteoSwiss (77.3 million Swiss Francs) and those of the private providers of meteorological services are added the total is approximately 100 million Swiss Fran ...
... 18 million Swiss Francs or, as there are about 3.1 households in Switzerland, approximately 6 Swiss Francs per household. When the costs of MeteoSwiss (77.3 million Swiss Francs) and those of the private providers of meteorological services are added the total is approximately 100 million Swiss Fran ...
Use of models in detection and attribution of climate change
... recent greenhouse gas levels far exceed previous levels (‘The combined radiative forcing due to increases in carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide is +2.30 [+2.07 to +2.53] W m−2 , and its rate of increase during the industrial era is very likely to have been unprecedented in more than 10,000 y ...
... recent greenhouse gas levels far exceed previous levels (‘The combined radiative forcing due to increases in carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide is +2.30 [+2.07 to +2.53] W m−2 , and its rate of increase during the industrial era is very likely to have been unprecedented in more than 10,000 y ...
Background Report on ICTs and Climate Change
... This revised background report has been prepared by the ITU secretariat for the Symposium on ICT and Climate Change in Quito, Ecuador. New sections highlight the key issues in the region, including deforestation and financing. In addition, the Annex to this report provides an inventory of work under ...
... This revised background report has been prepared by the ITU secretariat for the Symposium on ICT and Climate Change in Quito, Ecuador. New sections highlight the key issues in the region, including deforestation and financing. In addition, the Annex to this report provides an inventory of work under ...
Great Barrier Reef - Garnaut Climate Change Review
... one of the most supported scientific ideas, receiving the attention of thousands of scientists who have defined it, argued for and against it, and have built up one of the most significant bodies of scientific evidence ever established. Publication of the fourth assessment report by the Intergovernm ...
... one of the most supported scientific ideas, receiving the attention of thousands of scientists who have defined it, argued for and against it, and have built up one of the most significant bodies of scientific evidence ever established. Publication of the fourth assessment report by the Intergovernm ...
The ABCs of Governing the Himalayas inResponse to Glacial Melt
... Indus, Mekong, Yellow, and Yangtze, all of which cross national boundaries.7 In this way, the glaciers function as the “water tower of Asia” with roughly 500 million to 1.3 billion people living in the GHR watersheds and relying upon these rivers for drinking water, irrigation, fisheries, hydropower ...
... Indus, Mekong, Yellow, and Yangtze, all of which cross national boundaries.7 In this way, the glaciers function as the “water tower of Asia” with roughly 500 million to 1.3 billion people living in the GHR watersheds and relying upon these rivers for drinking water, irrigation, fisheries, hydropower ...
Protected area needs in a changing climate
... have individually derived representation targets for each species based on their population dynamics and area needs, such individual treatment was not possible for the large number of species treated here. Using these criteria, the current protected area system was “completed” for each region to ach ...
... have individually derived representation targets for each species based on their population dynamics and area needs, such individual treatment was not possible for the large number of species treated here. Using these criteria, the current protected area system was “completed” for each region to ach ...
Conserving potential coral reef refuges at high latitudes
... support for precautionary management and strategic research to enhance coral reef persistence is severely hampered by this prediction uncertainty. Current conservation efforts protect substantial areas of subtropical reefs from fishing, particularly in Australia, South Africa, Florida, Bermuda and N ...
... support for precautionary management and strategic research to enhance coral reef persistence is severely hampered by this prediction uncertainty. Current conservation efforts protect substantial areas of subtropical reefs from fishing, particularly in Australia, South Africa, Florida, Bermuda and N ...
The Impact of Climate Change on the Agricultural Sector
... Climate change refers to changes beyond the average atmospheric condition that are caused both by natural factors such as the orbit of earth’s revolution, volcanic activities and crustal movements and by artificial factors such as the increase in the concentration of greenhouse gases and aerosol. Cl ...
... Climate change refers to changes beyond the average atmospheric condition that are caused both by natural factors such as the orbit of earth’s revolution, volcanic activities and crustal movements and by artificial factors such as the increase in the concentration of greenhouse gases and aerosol. Cl ...
Understanding Farmers` Perceptions and Adaptations to
... options have been suggested in the literature. They encompass a wide range of scales (local, regional, global), actors (farmers, firms, government), and types: (a) micro-level options, such as crop diversification and altering the timing of operations; (b) market responses, such as income diversific ...
... options have been suggested in the literature. They encompass a wide range of scales (local, regional, global), actors (farmers, firms, government), and types: (a) micro-level options, such as crop diversification and altering the timing of operations; (b) market responses, such as income diversific ...
2. Scope of a possible GMES Climate Change Contribution
... change scenarios at the regional or even local levels are needed, and at the appropriate scale. Thus the above requirements on the past to present state of the climate system will in principle also apply to forward-looking studies. However, there will be limitations on some of the aspects, due to li ...
... change scenarios at the regional or even local levels are needed, and at the appropriate scale. Thus the above requirements on the past to present state of the climate system will in principle also apply to forward-looking studies. However, there will be limitations on some of the aspects, due to li ...
Intended National Determined Contribution (INDC)
... committees. Grenada has also launched a funding programme where community groups can access funding for small climate change adaptation projects in an effort to help communities build their resilience Implementation of further actions to reduce the level of vulnerability is severely constrained by ...
... committees. Grenada has also launched a funding programme where community groups can access funding for small climate change adaptation projects in an effort to help communities build their resilience Implementation of further actions to reduce the level of vulnerability is severely constrained by ...
ENDI Warming File - 4 wk
... one of those analyzing the numbers. Identifying a downward trend is a case of "people coming at the data with preconceived notions," said Peterson, author of the book "Why Did They Do That? An Introduction to Forensic Decision Analysis." One prominent skeptic said that to find the cooling trend, the ...
... one of those analyzing the numbers. Identifying a downward trend is a case of "people coming at the data with preconceived notions," said Peterson, author of the book "Why Did They Do That? An Introduction to Forensic Decision Analysis." One prominent skeptic said that to find the cooling trend, the ...
Young people`s burden: Requirement of
... 0.18°C/decade, with the current annual temperature exceeding +1.25°C relative to 1880-1920. Global temperature has just reached a level similar to the mean level in the prior interglacial (Eemian) period, when sea level was several meters higher than today, and, if it long remains at this level, slo ...
... 0.18°C/decade, with the current annual temperature exceeding +1.25°C relative to 1880-1920. Global temperature has just reached a level similar to the mean level in the prior interglacial (Eemian) period, when sea level was several meters higher than today, and, if it long remains at this level, slo ...
AllanRP_PAGODA2013Nov - University of Reading, Meteorology
... ③ More positive dP/dT over land under climate change (rcp4.5 vs historical) as Temperature rises un-related to ENSO for climate change response CONCLUSIONS: a. Amplification of precipitation extremes with climate warming b. Interannual variability is not a good proxy for climate change over land ...
... ③ More positive dP/dT over land under climate change (rcp4.5 vs historical) as Temperature rises un-related to ENSO for climate change response CONCLUSIONS: a. Amplification of precipitation extremes with climate warming b. Interannual variability is not a good proxy for climate change over land ...
PDF
... Rising temperatures and shifting precipitation patterns are likely to affect water availability for crop production. Dryland production may be particularly sensitive to shifting climatic factors, as changes in precipitation and evaporation during the growing season directly affect soil moisture avai ...
... Rising temperatures and shifting precipitation patterns are likely to affect water availability for crop production. Dryland production may be particularly sensitive to shifting climatic factors, as changes in precipitation and evaporation during the growing season directly affect soil moisture avai ...
PDF - 15.64MB - RTCC - Responding to Climate Change
... “intended nationally determined contributions”, or INDCs. For the first time in the history of climate negotiations, all States have undertaken to give commitments on the reduction of their greenhouse gas emissions. The third pillar is formed by those actions that require financial and technological ...
... “intended nationally determined contributions”, or INDCs. For the first time in the history of climate negotiations, all States have undertaken to give commitments on the reduction of their greenhouse gas emissions. The third pillar is formed by those actions that require financial and technological ...
Climate Change in the American Mind: October 2014
... 3.2. Americans are most likely to say corporations and industry, as well as citizens themselves, should be doing more to address global warming. Americans think both the private and public sectors should be doing more to address global warming. Majorities say corporations and industry (67%) and citi ...
... 3.2. Americans are most likely to say corporations and industry, as well as citizens themselves, should be doing more to address global warming. Americans think both the private and public sectors should be doing more to address global warming. Majorities say corporations and industry (67%) and citi ...
Annexes
... may be of either natural or anthropogenic origin. Aerosols may influence climate in several ways: directly through scattering and absorbing radiation, and indirectly by acting as cloud condensation nuclei or ice nuclei, modifying the optical properties and lifetime of clouds. Atmospheric aerosols, w ...
... may be of either natural or anthropogenic origin. Aerosols may influence climate in several ways: directly through scattering and absorbing radiation, and indirectly by acting as cloud condensation nuclei or ice nuclei, modifying the optical properties and lifetime of clouds. Atmospheric aerosols, w ...
Four Case Studies in the United States
... A key theme emerges from these four case studies: pre-existing problems caused by human activities are exacerbated by climate change, itself mostly a human-induced phenomenon. Fortunately, manmade problems are amenable to manmade solutions. Climate change cannot be stopped entirely, but it can be li ...
... A key theme emerges from these four case studies: pre-existing problems caused by human activities are exacerbated by climate change, itself mostly a human-induced phenomenon. Fortunately, manmade problems are amenable to manmade solutions. Climate change cannot be stopped entirely, but it can be li ...
PDF
... activities are the most sensitive and vulnerable to climate change (IPCC, 1990). However, studies conducted at the global level indicated small net impacts of climate change (CC) on world agriculture as production losses in negatively affected areas are offset by gains in areas enjoying positive imp ...
... activities are the most sensitive and vulnerable to climate change (IPCC, 1990). However, studies conducted at the global level indicated small net impacts of climate change (CC) on world agriculture as production losses in negatively affected areas are offset by gains in areas enjoying positive imp ...