Robust projections of combined humidity and temperature extremes
... climate variables. Thus, a comprehensive impact assessment is challenging and uncertainties in all contributing variables need to be taken into account. Here we show that uncertainties in some impact-relevant metrics such as extremes of health indicators are substantially smaller than generally anti ...
... climate variables. Thus, a comprehensive impact assessment is challenging and uncertainties in all contributing variables need to be taken into account. Here we show that uncertainties in some impact-relevant metrics such as extremes of health indicators are substantially smaller than generally anti ...
What caused the extreme weather of 2010
... “Would the Queensland floods have occurred if humans were not warming the climate through greenhouse-gas emissions?” • Climate change will affect the overall number and strength of extreme weather events. • Two slightly easier and much more useful questions: “Will floods in Queensland become more fr ...
... “Would the Queensland floods have occurred if humans were not warming the climate through greenhouse-gas emissions?” • Climate change will affect the overall number and strength of extreme weather events. • Two slightly easier and much more useful questions: “Will floods in Queensland become more fr ...
Integrating NatCom (CC) into FSM Strategic Development Plan
... hazards such as those associated with extreme weather events, climate change, high tides and sea-level rise.” • Determine impact of climate change on the tuna industry as a result of such effects as changed migration patterns of Pacific tuna stocks, and implement strategies to minimize impacts on th ...
... hazards such as those associated with extreme weather events, climate change, high tides and sea-level rise.” • Determine impact of climate change on the tuna industry as a result of such effects as changed migration patterns of Pacific tuna stocks, and implement strategies to minimize impacts on th ...
Global Circulation Models – the basis for climate change science
... such as the growth of the Sahara desert (Claussen et al., 1999), have occurred even with minimal anthropogenic interaction. These can be seen as non-linear changes triggered by slow changes in forcing factors, and it seems highly possible that this could occur given the current level of anthropogeni ...
... such as the growth of the Sahara desert (Claussen et al., 1999), have occurred even with minimal anthropogenic interaction. These can be seen as non-linear changes triggered by slow changes in forcing factors, and it seems highly possible that this could occur given the current level of anthropogeni ...
5.3.2.7 Climate Change Temperature Rise
... supply, as reduced runoff increases the risk of summer water shortages throughout the region. Moreover, reduced runoff from the Sierra Nevada Mountains into San Francisco Bay will affect the salinity of the bay, which threatens local ecosystems and infrastructure, as well as the livelihoods that dep ...
... supply, as reduced runoff increases the risk of summer water shortages throughout the region. Moreover, reduced runoff from the Sierra Nevada Mountains into San Francisco Bay will affect the salinity of the bay, which threatens local ecosystems and infrastructure, as well as the livelihoods that dep ...
Regional commitments under the United Nations Framework
... storms. It also threatens the disproportionate share of industrial, tourism, energy, transport and communications infrastructure concentrated in the coastal zone. 3. Global climate change has emerged in the past few years as one of the world’s major long-term challenges. Anticipated global warming a ...
... storms. It also threatens the disproportionate share of industrial, tourism, energy, transport and communications infrastructure concentrated in the coastal zone. 3. Global climate change has emerged in the past few years as one of the world’s major long-term challenges. Anticipated global warming a ...
ANPR Comments- Endangerment
... The global average net effect of the increase in atmospheric GHG concentrations, plus other human activities (e.g., land use change and aerosol emissions), on the global energy balance since 1750 has been one of warming. This total net radiative forcing (a measure of the heating effect caused by cha ...
... The global average net effect of the increase in atmospheric GHG concentrations, plus other human activities (e.g., land use change and aerosol emissions), on the global energy balance since 1750 has been one of warming. This total net radiative forcing (a measure of the heating effect caused by cha ...
greenhouses gases
... The greenhouse effect is accepted scientific theory. There are certain gasses in the atmosphere cause the sun's heat to be trapped and allow the surface of the planet to warm. Without it the surface of the planet would be too cold for life to exist. To explain the images are quotes from NASA: "Left: ...
... The greenhouse effect is accepted scientific theory. There are certain gasses in the atmosphere cause the sun's heat to be trapped and allow the surface of the planet to warm. Without it the surface of the planet would be too cold for life to exist. To explain the images are quotes from NASA: "Left: ...
Atmospheric Heat Fluxes and Restoration of Circumglobal
... Because of its temperature structure, there is very little convective motion in the stratosphere, and the air there is quite stable. This is particularly true in the tropics where the vertical movement of the radioactive cloud from nuclear explosions in the atmosphere was noticed to be less than 2 m ...
... Because of its temperature structure, there is very little convective motion in the stratosphere, and the air there is quite stable. This is particularly true in the tropics where the vertical movement of the radioactive cloud from nuclear explosions in the atmosphere was noticed to be less than 2 m ...
Differences between carbon budget estimates
... The ultimate objective of the international climate negotiations is to prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system1. Since 2010, this objective has been interpreted as limiting global-mean temperature increase to below 2°C relative to preindustrial levels2, although discussi ...
... The ultimate objective of the international climate negotiations is to prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system1. Since 2010, this objective has been interpreted as limiting global-mean temperature increase to below 2°C relative to preindustrial levels2, although discussi ...
(202) 224-4159 Kerry: On Eve of Rio+20, An Honest Assessment of C
... moment—that it created the kind of grassroots momentum that made people sit up and start to listen to the damage we were doing to the environment. And sit up and listen they did. The principles that came out of Rio transformed into mandatory requirements under the Kyoto Protocol. Each nation had acc ...
... moment—that it created the kind of grassroots momentum that made people sit up and start to listen to the damage we were doing to the environment. And sit up and listen they did. The principles that came out of Rio transformed into mandatory requirements under the Kyoto Protocol. Each nation had acc ...
Interhemispheric Temperature Asymmetry over the
... The temperature contrast between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres—the interhemispheric temperature asymmetry (ITA)—is an emerging indicator of global climate change, potentially relevant to the Hadley circulation and tropical rainfall. The authors examine the ITA in historical observations and ...
... The temperature contrast between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres—the interhemispheric temperature asymmetry (ITA)—is an emerging indicator of global climate change, potentially relevant to the Hadley circulation and tropical rainfall. The authors examine the ITA in historical observations and ...
Inadequacies and criticisms of the Intergovernmental Panel on
... The IPCC has provided nothing of the sort, but rather has a predisposition towards that conclusion built into its terms of reference. Indeed, despite the overwhelming public assumption regarding human causation, in its most recent report the IPCC stated (2001, p. 97) that: "The fact that the global ...
... The IPCC has provided nothing of the sort, but rather has a predisposition towards that conclusion built into its terms of reference. Indeed, despite the overwhelming public assumption regarding human causation, in its most recent report the IPCC stated (2001, p. 97) that: "The fact that the global ...
The significant climate warming in the northern Tibetan Plateau and
... moving t test technique; and a significance level of >99% was used throughout the study), which is consistent with the climate jump in the plateau during the mid-1980s (Niu et al., 2005; Ding and Zhang, 2008). The summer (May to September) temperature trend also changed abruptly in 1986. The summer ...
... moving t test technique; and a significance level of >99% was used throughout the study), which is consistent with the climate jump in the plateau during the mid-1980s (Niu et al., 2005; Ding and Zhang, 2008). The summer (May to September) temperature trend also changed abruptly in 1986. The summer ...
How Is Pacific Northwest Climate Projected to Change? (PDF)
... projections differ from the NRC projections due to different study approaches. Although most global projections would result in sea level rise for the northwest Olympic Peninsula, it is not yet possible to conclusively rule out a decline in sea level for that region. ...
... projections differ from the NRC projections due to different study approaches. Although most global projections would result in sea level rise for the northwest Olympic Peninsula, it is not yet possible to conclusively rule out a decline in sea level for that region. ...
Unit 12 Earth`s Changing Climate Background
... A common misconception is that the greenhouse gases responsible for climate change are forms of air pollution. We know that pollution is made up of artificial chemicals or substances that are toxic to life. Automobiles and industry are the principal sources of these toxic chemicals. Confusing air po ...
... A common misconception is that the greenhouse gases responsible for climate change are forms of air pollution. We know that pollution is made up of artificial chemicals or substances that are toxic to life. Automobiles and industry are the principal sources of these toxic chemicals. Confusing air po ...
Global warming hiatus
A global warming hiatus, also sometimes referred to as a global warming pause or a global warming slowdown, is a period of relatively little change in globally averaged surface temperatures. In the current episode of global warming many such periods are evident in the surface temperature record, along with robust evidence of the long term warming trend.The exceptionally warm El Niño year of 1998 was an outlier from the continuing temperature trend, and so gave the appearance of a hiatus: by January 2006 assertions had been made that this showed that global warming had stopped. A 2009 study showed that decades without warming were not exceptional, and in 2011 a study showed that if allowances were made for known variability, the rising temperature trend continued unabated. There was increased public interest in 2013 in the run-up to publication of the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report, and despite concerns that a 15-year period was too short to determine a meaningful trend, the IPCC included a section on a hiatus, which it defined as a much smaller increasing linear trend over the 15 years from 1998 to 2012, than over the 60 years from 1951 to 2012. Various studies examined possible causes of the short term slowdown. Even though the overall climate system had continued to accumulate energy due to Earth's positive energy budget, the available temperature readings at the earth's surface indicated slower rates of increase in surface warming than in the prior decade. Since measurements at the top of the atmosphere show that Earth is receiving more energy than it is radiating back into space, the retained energy should be producing warming in at least one of the five parts of Earth's climate system.A July 2015 paper on the updated NOAA dataset cast doubt on the existence of this supposed hiatus, and found no indication of a slowdown. This analysis incorporated the latest corrections for known biases in ocean temperature measurements, and new land temperature data. Scientists working on other datasets welcomed this study, though the view was expressed that the short term warming trend had been slower than in previous periods of the same length.