IPCC launches complete Synthesis Report
... Organization (WMO) and United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), endorsed by the United Nations General Assembly, to provide policymakers with regular assessments of the scientific basis of climate change, its impacts and future risks, and options for adaptation and mitigation. The IPCC does not ...
... Organization (WMO) and United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), endorsed by the United Nations General Assembly, to provide policymakers with regular assessments of the scientific basis of climate change, its impacts and future risks, and options for adaptation and mitigation. The IPCC does not ...
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... experience with the general properties of large scale dynamic models, and with the various sources of uncertainty surrounding these models. In this section, a variety of sources of uncertainty are considered. ...
... experience with the general properties of large scale dynamic models, and with the various sources of uncertainty surrounding these models. In this section, a variety of sources of uncertainty are considered. ...
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... currently implemented, nor does it include pollution taxes (for example for nitrogen emissions to mitigate climate change). Here we have developed three policy scenarios to evaluate three levels of adaptation to climate change. In a first level we analyze land crop productivity in a context in which ...
... currently implemented, nor does it include pollution taxes (for example for nitrogen emissions to mitigate climate change). Here we have developed three policy scenarios to evaluate three levels of adaptation to climate change. In a first level we analyze land crop productivity in a context in which ...
Climate Protection
... mitigation, but also of precautionary measures, as a reaction to the consequences of climate change: The time scales of the long-term results of lowering emissions and of climate change do not correspond to each other. Any successes in terms of reducing the emission of greenhouse gases will take eff ...
... mitigation, but also of precautionary measures, as a reaction to the consequences of climate change: The time scales of the long-term results of lowering emissions and of climate change do not correspond to each other. Any successes in terms of reducing the emission of greenhouse gases will take eff ...
Understanding the Earth as a Complex System – recent advances in
... 3. Whereas the above mentioned links act on time scales of centuries to millennia or even much longer (e.g. those related to palaeoclimatic problems), there is also scientific evidence for relevant interrelationships on shorter scales, for example, in terms of certain electromagnetic activity in the ...
... 3. Whereas the above mentioned links act on time scales of centuries to millennia or even much longer (e.g. those related to palaeoclimatic problems), there is also scientific evidence for relevant interrelationships on shorter scales, for example, in terms of certain electromagnetic activity in the ...
Risk Analysis of Climate Change, and Potential SPS Contribution to
... The uncertainties about the true potential of SPS are still so large that there are both optimists and pessimists concerning whether SPS could or should become a major new energy source. There are also advocates of many different SPS system architectures and sub-systems. The potential of SPS of cour ...
... The uncertainties about the true potential of SPS are still so large that there are both optimists and pessimists concerning whether SPS could or should become a major new energy source. There are also advocates of many different SPS system architectures and sub-systems. The potential of SPS of cour ...
A CAse For environmentAl investing
... Unmitigated climate change is now estimated to cost at the high end of estimates as much as 20% of global GDP in 40 years2. Inaction is no longer an option. Recognition of our dependence on carbon intensive energy and the decades required to reverse our imprint on the environment is driving many for ...
... Unmitigated climate change is now estimated to cost at the high end of estimates as much as 20% of global GDP in 40 years2. Inaction is no longer an option. Recognition of our dependence on carbon intensive energy and the decades required to reverse our imprint on the environment is driving many for ...
UNDP-GEF Adaptation
... • Increase in winter flows and decrease (of up to 50%) in summer flows for Rhine, Slovakian rivers, Volga • Increased irrigation demand, greatest in central & eastern Europe • Surface runoff reduced by 20-30% in south-eastern Europe • By 2070s, 100-year droughts return every 50 years or less • Decre ...
... • Increase in winter flows and decrease (of up to 50%) in summer flows for Rhine, Slovakian rivers, Volga • Increased irrigation demand, greatest in central & eastern Europe • Surface runoff reduced by 20-30% in south-eastern Europe • By 2070s, 100-year droughts return every 50 years or less • Decre ...
Slide 1 - Rutgers University
... • Each topic will be introduced by two lectures to provide background information on that topic. • Four readings from the scientific literature will be assigned on each topic. • Each of these papers will be discussed in class (one paper per class meeting), with one student summarizing the paper and ...
... • Each topic will be introduced by two lectures to provide background information on that topic. • Four readings from the scientific literature will be assigned on each topic. • Each of these papers will be discussed in class (one paper per class meeting), with one student summarizing the paper and ...
Climate Protection Law
... Each Member State gets a specific amount of emission allowances. Certain industries get emission targets for each factory. The allowances can be traded. Agriculture is not included as an emitting industry, but can benefit from CDM- and JI-measures. ...
... Each Member State gets a specific amount of emission allowances. Certain industries get emission targets for each factory. The allowances can be traded. Agriculture is not included as an emitting industry, but can benefit from CDM- and JI-measures. ...
Rahmstorf, S., 2008: Anthropogenic Climate Change: Revisiting the
... on the CO2 concentration at that point in time. But the climate sensitivity is nevertheless a simple and very useful measure of the strength of the CO2 effect on climate, because it is a property that characterizes a model (or the real climate system) alone, independent of any particular scenario. T ...
... on the CO2 concentration at that point in time. But the climate sensitivity is nevertheless a simple and very useful measure of the strength of the CO2 effect on climate, because it is a property that characterizes a model (or the real climate system) alone, independent of any particular scenario. T ...
assessment report on climate change and its consequences
... 40% for the period 1978–2005 relative to 1946–1977 at rivers in the western regions of the EPR and tributaries on the left bank of the Volga River. The runoff increased by 10–15% in the upper basin of the Northern Dvina, upper reaches of the Dnieper, and left-bank tributaries of the Don. A runoff in ...
... 40% for the period 1978–2005 relative to 1946–1977 at rivers in the western regions of the EPR and tributaries on the left bank of the Volga River. The runoff increased by 10–15% in the upper basin of the Northern Dvina, upper reaches of the Dnieper, and left-bank tributaries of the Don. A runoff in ...
Climate Change - University at Buffalo
... A. Fossil fuel burning is the only source of human-caused CO2 emissions. B. CO2 emissions from a range of human activities are causing the increase in the atmosphere as well as acidifying the oceans. C. The increase of CO2 in the atmosphere results from natural processes in the biosphere. D. Scienti ...
... A. Fossil fuel burning is the only source of human-caused CO2 emissions. B. CO2 emissions from a range of human activities are causing the increase in the atmosphere as well as acidifying the oceans. C. The increase of CO2 in the atmosphere results from natural processes in the biosphere. D. Scienti ...
A global deal on climate change: the challenges between now and December in Copenhagen
... growth in the future. We confuse the issues if we try to create an artificial ‘horse race’ between development and climate responsibility. The risks of dangerous climate change are huge. The current concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere is around 435 parts per million (ppm) of carbon-d ...
... growth in the future. We confuse the issues if we try to create an artificial ‘horse race’ between development and climate responsibility. The risks of dangerous climate change are huge. The current concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere is around 435 parts per million (ppm) of carbon-d ...
Global temperature change
... Global warming is now 0.6°C in the past three decades and 0.8°C in the past century. It is no longer correct to say ‘‘most global warming occurred before 1940.’’ A better summary is: slow global warming, with large fluctuations, over the century up to 1975, followed by rapid warming at a rate ⬇0.2°C ...
... Global warming is now 0.6°C in the past three decades and 0.8°C in the past century. It is no longer correct to say ‘‘most global warming occurred before 1940.’’ A better summary is: slow global warming, with large fluctuations, over the century up to 1975, followed by rapid warming at a rate ⬇0.2°C ...
Advance briefing: IPCC report on climate impacts
... 2010. Friends of the Earth has produced a briefing summarizing research in this areaii. The WG2 AR5 report is likely to be much clearer that climate change is leading to extreme weather across all regions and these are having very significant impacts on people and economies. Food production There ar ...
... 2010. Friends of the Earth has produced a briefing summarizing research in this areaii. The WG2 AR5 report is likely to be much clearer that climate change is leading to extreme weather across all regions and these are having very significant impacts on people and economies. Food production There ar ...
Explaining the Implications of Climate Change and Farmers` Risk
... weather events around an average (for example, greater or fewer extreme weather events). Climate change may be limited to a specific region, or may occur across the whole Earth (Wikipedia, 2010). Climate change is attributed directly or indirectly to human activity that alters the composition of the ...
... weather events around an average (for example, greater or fewer extreme weather events). Climate change may be limited to a specific region, or may occur across the whole Earth (Wikipedia, 2010). Climate change is attributed directly or indirectly to human activity that alters the composition of the ...
National Climate Change Stakeholder Consultations
... disproportionate effects to the developing countries. • INDC has to be country driven as the implementation of the commitment will ultimately be done at a local and provincial levels. • It could be binding – subject to the level of ambition projected, especially by developed countries/ durability of ...
... disproportionate effects to the developing countries. • INDC has to be country driven as the implementation of the commitment will ultimately be done at a local and provincial levels. • It could be binding – subject to the level of ambition projected, especially by developed countries/ durability of ...
Geography 40: Introduction to Earth System Science
... Earth System Science is an interdisciplinary field that describes the cycling of energy and matter between the different spheres (atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, cryosphere, and lithosphere) of the earth system. 2. What are some typical Earth System Science problems? We will learn about how the ...
... Earth System Science is an interdisciplinary field that describes the cycling of energy and matter between the different spheres (atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, cryosphere, and lithosphere) of the earth system. 2. What are some typical Earth System Science problems? We will learn about how the ...
2015_06_24_ppt03_DEA Gauteng INDC Stakeholder Consultations
... disproportionate effects to the developing countries. • INDC has to be country driven as the implementation of the commitment will ultimately be done at a local and provincial levels. • It could be binding – subject to the level of ambition projected, especially by developed countries/ durability of ...
... disproportionate effects to the developing countries. • INDC has to be country driven as the implementation of the commitment will ultimately be done at a local and provincial levels. • It could be binding – subject to the level of ambition projected, especially by developed countries/ durability of ...
unpacking the ipcc fifth assessment report
... most model projections and similar observations have been made in parts of Antarctica. People living in poverty are, and will be, hardest hit by the effects of climate change. Vulnerable communities will continue to struggle to cope with additional pressures created by climate change, including impa ...
... most model projections and similar observations have been made in parts of Antarctica. People living in poverty are, and will be, hardest hit by the effects of climate change. Vulnerable communities will continue to struggle to cope with additional pressures created by climate change, including impa ...