Royal Society
... between the atmosphere, oceans, plants, soils and rocks. In the atmosphere, carbon mostly exists as carbon dioxide, but it exists in different forms in other components, such as organic carbon in the soil. Climate forcing (also known as radiative forcing) The imbalance in the Earth’s energy budget r ...
... between the atmosphere, oceans, plants, soils and rocks. In the atmosphere, carbon mostly exists as carbon dioxide, but it exists in different forms in other components, such as organic carbon in the soil. Climate forcing (also known as radiative forcing) The imbalance in the Earth’s energy budget r ...
South Africa`s approach for COP 22 The Paris Agreement
... South Africa should submit regular communications on adaptation, and also develop a long-term low-carbon development strategy. This work has been initiated ...
... South Africa should submit regular communications on adaptation, and also develop a long-term low-carbon development strategy. This work has been initiated ...
A climate model-based review of drought in the Sahel: Deserti cation, the re-greening and climate change.
... can enhance locally what is remotely forced from the oceans. This paper is divided into two main sections, with the degree of uncertainty increasing as the discussion progresses. Section 2 provides an assessment of current understanding of the recent past of climate change in the Sahel. It highlight ...
... can enhance locally what is remotely forced from the oceans. This paper is divided into two main sections, with the degree of uncertainty increasing as the discussion progresses. Section 2 provides an assessment of current understanding of the recent past of climate change in the Sahel. It highlight ...
techvols_tv2_ch_7 - Port of Vancouver
... the last century. Most recent studies have concluded that the sea level will rise at a faster rate than in the last century due to the effects of global warming. The Inter-Governmental Panel on Climate Change (IGPCC) issued predictions of changes to sea level in 1990, 1995 and 2001 for a range of fu ...
... the last century. Most recent studies have concluded that the sea level will rise at a faster rate than in the last century due to the effects of global warming. The Inter-Governmental Panel on Climate Change (IGPCC) issued predictions of changes to sea level in 1990, 1995 and 2001 for a range of fu ...
The Fossil Fuel Industry`s Role in Hindering
... Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, backed by 193 governments, released its landmark report warning that climate change has already “caused impacts on natural and human systems on all continents…” and threatens “severe, pervasive, and irreversible” future consequences1. The International Ener ...
... Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, backed by 193 governments, released its landmark report warning that climate change has already “caused impacts on natural and human systems on all continents…” and threatens “severe, pervasive, and irreversible” future consequences1. The International Ener ...
ADDRESSING THE IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE: FOCUS ON THE CARIBBEAN
... assuming responsibility for instituting strong mitigation m easures because there is empirical evidence to show that developed countries, w hich comprise 15 per cent o f the total com plem ent o f countries, account for alm ost h alf o f the w orld’s CO2 em issions7. These countries have the financi ...
... assuming responsibility for instituting strong mitigation m easures because there is empirical evidence to show that developed countries, w hich comprise 15 per cent o f the total com plem ent o f countries, account for alm ost h alf o f the w orld’s CO2 em issions7. These countries have the financi ...
Physical and economic consequences of climate change in Europe
... 5.4 °C (Table 1). These figures depend on the GHG emission scenario chosen and the climate model used (temperature and precipitation maps appear in Figs. S3 and S4). Hereafter, the climate futures are called “scenarios” and are distinguished by the EU temperature increase: 2.5 °C (B2 HadAM3-HIRHAM), ...
... 5.4 °C (Table 1). These figures depend on the GHG emission scenario chosen and the climate model used (temperature and precipitation maps appear in Figs. S3 and S4). Hereafter, the climate futures are called “scenarios” and are distinguished by the EU temperature increase: 2.5 °C (B2 HadAM3-HIRHAM), ...
Globally Averaged CO 2 Levels Reach 400 parts per million in 2015
... In addition to reducing the capacity of vegetation to absorb CO2 the powerful El Niño also led to an increase in CO2 emissions from forest fires. According to the Global Fire Emission Database, CO2 emissions in Equatorial Asia – where there were serious forest fires in Indonesia in AugustSeptember 2 ...
... In addition to reducing the capacity of vegetation to absorb CO2 the powerful El Niño also led to an increase in CO2 emissions from forest fires. According to the Global Fire Emission Database, CO2 emissions in Equatorial Asia – where there were serious forest fires in Indonesia in AugustSeptember 2 ...
Uncertainty in the impacts of projected climate change on the
... change projected by the Canadian Centre for Climate Modeling and Analysis (CCCMA) GCM under the more conservative B2 emissions scenario. Since the largest uncertainty is found in the choice of the GCM selected, it is strongly recommended that outputs from several GCMs are used in an impact study (Pr ...
... change projected by the Canadian Centre for Climate Modeling and Analysis (CCCMA) GCM under the more conservative B2 emissions scenario. Since the largest uncertainty is found in the choice of the GCM selected, it is strongly recommended that outputs from several GCMs are used in an impact study (Pr ...
Predicting Late Spring Frost in the Zab Catchment Using Multilayer
... Partners (2011) in Sanandaj, Esfandiari et al. (2013) in Saqez and Hosseini and Mesgari (2013) in Tehran. Finally, based on the findings of the study, it can be concluded that the artificial neural network provides an effective instrument to predict the minimum temperatures for determining late spri ...
... Partners (2011) in Sanandaj, Esfandiari et al. (2013) in Saqez and Hosseini and Mesgari (2013) in Tehran. Finally, based on the findings of the study, it can be concluded that the artificial neural network provides an effective instrument to predict the minimum temperatures for determining late spri ...
Trade-off between intensity and frequency of global tropical cyclones
... TC climate is marked in the upper abscissa. The response of western North Pacific TCs to the defined environment (both El Niño and global warming) is noticeably high and significant (α ≤ 0.05) at all directions (red line). Significant response in the eastern North Pacific and the North Atlantic occu ...
... TC climate is marked in the upper abscissa. The response of western North Pacific TCs to the defined environment (both El Niño and global warming) is noticeably high and significant (α ≤ 0.05) at all directions (red line). Significant response in the eastern North Pacific and the North Atlantic occu ...
Document
... 2. Transport ‘constituents’ (water vapor, aerosol, etc) 3. Calculate forcing terms (“Physics”) for each column Clouds & Precipitation, Radiation, etc ...
... 2. Transport ‘constituents’ (water vapor, aerosol, etc) 3. Calculate forcing terms (“Physics”) for each column Clouds & Precipitation, Radiation, etc ...
Climate Change: Impacts and Responses
... talking about climate change now (the press, NGOs, farmers themselves etc…), so it is natural to blame some of the observed changes on climate change. There are of course many other causes of reduced yields, less food availability, and lower water tables. For example, reduced yields can be caused by ...
... talking about climate change now (the press, NGOs, farmers themselves etc…), so it is natural to blame some of the observed changes on climate change. There are of course many other causes of reduced yields, less food availability, and lower water tables. For example, reduced yields can be caused by ...
Additional presentation on Climate Change
... • Global warming is real: average surface temperature has increased by 0.74C over the last hundred years, a rate and scale likely to have been greater than at any time in at least the past 1000 years. • Global warming is man-made: most of the warming over the last 50 years is attributable to greenh ...
... • Global warming is real: average surface temperature has increased by 0.74C over the last hundred years, a rate and scale likely to have been greater than at any time in at least the past 1000 years. • Global warming is man-made: most of the warming over the last 50 years is attributable to greenh ...
Air Quality, Climate Change and Health
... ° California has 7 of the top 10 most polluted cities for year-round particle pollution. ° Los Angeles has been ranked the No. 1 most ozone-polluted city for at least the past 16 years. • In 2010, about 13% of California adults and children had been diagnosed with asthma at some point in their lifet ...
... ° California has 7 of the top 10 most polluted cities for year-round particle pollution. ° Los Angeles has been ranked the No. 1 most ozone-polluted city for at least the past 16 years. • In 2010, about 13% of California adults and children had been diagnosed with asthma at some point in their lifet ...
Editorial: Marketing Science, Models, Monopoly Models, and Why
... are doing the same and that best decision responses will be made (Rubinstein 1982; Binmore et al. 1986). These assumptions are very powerful (Moorthy 1985). They produce specific testable predictions. As argued earlier, strong assumptions provide important benefits for some objectives while being in ...
... are doing the same and that best decision responses will be made (Rubinstein 1982; Binmore et al. 1986). These assumptions are very powerful (Moorthy 1985). They produce specific testable predictions. As argued earlier, strong assumptions provide important benefits for some objectives while being in ...
to a copy of the media release
... management, and have been vocal in calling for meaningful carbon pricing and an ambitious climate agreement in Paris. Over 400 institutional investors representing more than US$24 trillion in assets have endorsed a global call for government leadership to secure a tangible long-term deal that will u ...
... management, and have been vocal in calling for meaningful carbon pricing and an ambitious climate agreement in Paris. Over 400 institutional investors representing more than US$24 trillion in assets have endorsed a global call for government leadership to secure a tangible long-term deal that will u ...
Observed Changes and their Causes
... of regions and crops shows that negative impacts of climate change on crop yields have been more common than positive impacts IPCC Synthesis Report Climate Change 2014 ...
... of regions and crops shows that negative impacts of climate change on crop yields have been more common than positive impacts IPCC Synthesis Report Climate Change 2014 ...
The Economics of Climate Change
... The science is not settled, however unsettling that might be. There is a tendency in the IPCC reports to leave out inconvenient findings, especially in the part(s) most likely to be read by policy makers. (source: www.climate-skeptic.com) ...
... The science is not settled, however unsettling that might be. There is a tendency in the IPCC reports to leave out inconvenient findings, especially in the part(s) most likely to be read by policy makers. (source: www.climate-skeptic.com) ...
Powerpoint file
... “Global warming caused by green house gases emitted into the air is a result of the human activities.” “… emission reduction efforts alone are unlikely to stabilize greenhouse gas concentrations at levels low enough to prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system.” “Accumulat ...
... “Global warming caused by green house gases emitted into the air is a result of the human activities.” “… emission reduction efforts alone are unlikely to stabilize greenhouse gas concentrations at levels low enough to prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system.” “Accumulat ...
Climate Change and its Impacts on Forests
... ABSTRACT There is now an overwhelming body of evidence indicating that our climate is changing at an alarming rate. It will force us to re-visit how we manage our natural resources, including forests. The various climate scenarios predict an average temperature rise of several °C over the 21st centu ...
... ABSTRACT There is now an overwhelming body of evidence indicating that our climate is changing at an alarming rate. It will force us to re-visit how we manage our natural resources, including forests. The various climate scenarios predict an average temperature rise of several °C over the 21st centu ...
Are Carbon Dioxide Emissions Rising More Rapidly Than Expected?
... vehicles, wind power, etc.) has been faster than in many of the scenarios. The combined effects of such differences, however, require complex analysis. Both the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Energy Information Administration (EIA), in cooperation with additional federal agencies, tra ...
... vehicles, wind power, etc.) has been faster than in many of the scenarios. The combined effects of such differences, however, require complex analysis. Both the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Energy Information Administration (EIA), in cooperation with additional federal agencies, tra ...
Nitrogen deposition
... Conclusions • Global increase in Ndep tends to closely follow the increase in emissions, especially in the NCAR model. Unclear if the increase in other models from climate change is statistically significant • What is happening to GISS_2100? • The hydrological cycle (as identified by lightning and ...
... Conclusions • Global increase in Ndep tends to closely follow the increase in emissions, especially in the NCAR model. Unclear if the increase in other models from climate change is statistically significant • What is happening to GISS_2100? • The hydrological cycle (as identified by lightning and ...
Summary of Proceedings Conference on CLIMATE CHANGE AND ITS IMPLICATIONS
... and greenhouse gases. While most of the focus is typically on CO2, other gases have a significant impact as well, especially when examining the issue through the lens of the next two decades. These gases include methane, with a decade lifetime in the atmosphere, and sulfur dioxide, which, because of ...
... and greenhouse gases. While most of the focus is typically on CO2, other gases have a significant impact as well, especially when examining the issue through the lens of the next two decades. These gases include methane, with a decade lifetime in the atmosphere, and sulfur dioxide, which, because of ...
“Economics” Section (100 points)
... the North. Farmers who work on a small scale and use traditional methods have largely been ignored. However, as the world slowly comes to terms with the threat of climate change, Native farming traditions will warrant greater attention. In the industrial model of agriculture, one or two crop varieti ...
... the North. Farmers who work on a small scale and use traditional methods have largely been ignored. However, as the world slowly comes to terms with the threat of climate change, Native farming traditions will warrant greater attention. In the industrial model of agriculture, one or two crop varieti ...