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A concept note for a collaborative programme submitted
A concept note for a collaborative programme submitted

Cumming and Van Vuuren 2006
Cumming and Van Vuuren 2006

... extensively by the IPCC (2001) to make its assessments of future climate change (Wigley & Raper, 2001; Eickhout et al., 2004). This simple climate model is used to calculate changes in global mean temperature. Changes in temperature and precipitation are then estimated at a scale of 0.5 × 0.5 degree ...
Cooling Following Large Volcanic Eruptions
Cooling Following Large Volcanic Eruptions

... problematic for the past 25 yr due to lack of proxy time series), there were three major volcanic eruptions, Unknown (1809), Tambora (1815), and Krakatau (1883), and two smaller ones, Santa María (1902) and Agung (1963) [Robock, 2000]. It can be seen in Fig. 4 that the Mann et al. [1998] reconstruct ...
Impacts of Present and Future Climate Variability on
Impacts of Present and Future Climate Variability on

... - Over the past 100 years, the amount of changes of mean surface temperatures and precipitations has been less in the tropics than the global average, but either in the past climate or in the projected scenarios, climate variability, particularly multidecadal ones, are obvious. - Based on climate ch ...
A glacier is a slow-moving, extended mass of ice
A glacier is a slow-moving, extended mass of ice

... Franz Josef Glacier is a 12-kilometer-long valley glacier terminating 19 kilometers from the Tasman Sea. It is one of the few glaciers in New Zealand that is still growing, due to strong snowfall. Most other glaciers in New Zealand, especially those east of the Southern Alps, are retreating heavily, ...
Aalborg Universitet Nielsen, Jørgen
Aalborg Universitet Nielsen, Jørgen

... decision process may not prove to be adequate. The chosen standard may have been too high which means that part of the investment is wasted. It may also be chosen so that an upgrading turns out to become necessary, so that one ends out with an initial investment as well as costs for an upgrading. In ...
If Not Now When - Labor Network for Sustainability
If Not Now When - Labor Network for Sustainability

... reduction of 6 percent per year in fossil fuel emissions, combined with the extraction of 100 gigatons of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.2 Global carbon emissions will need to be near zero by around 2050. The fair share of reduction would be substantially higher for wealthy countries like the Un ...
Summary - World Bank Group
Summary - World Bank Group

... fallsandisstoredintheformofsnow.Thiscomplicateshydrologyandmakesitmorelikelyfor ECAtoexperiencemorewinterflooding.Andwhileintheshorttermbasinsthatrelyonglacial melt for summer water may see increased water flow from melting glaciers, the longͲterm imp ...
this PDF file
this PDF file

... The changes in the climate are generally shaped ‘forcing mechanisms act on the climate and eventually see to either the slow or fast response of the climate system. The internal forcing mechanism is seen more in the excessive emission of the green house gas caused by industrialization and the reacti ...
Long Range Ensemble Streamflow Prediction
Long Range Ensemble Streamflow Prediction

... values (e.g. mean flow, terciles, etc.) or user definable Plot credit: Chad Kahler ...
Climate change to shift global pattern of mild weather
Climate change to shift global pattern of mild weather

... days Scientists used high-resolution climate models to People living in the mid-latitudes, which include investigate the changing patterns of mild weather much of the United States, as well as many globally by examining the effect over time of mountainous areas around the world, will gain mild incre ...
Climate resilient pathways: relationship between adaptation
Climate resilient pathways: relationship between adaptation

... • Synergies between multiple variables and factors that affect sustainable development • Risk management • Institutional, social, cultural and value-related issues • Interactions between the natural climate system, ecosystems, human beings and societies. This is in addition to a long-standing emphas ...
Title of Article
Title of Article

... is showing the biggest rises at night, in winter and at latitudes higher than about 50 degrees. In some places, the number of deaths related to heat waves is projected to double by 2020. Prolonged heat can, moreover, enhance production of smog and the dispersal of allergens. Both effects have been l ...
Climate variability and change: a perspective from the oceania region
Climate variability and change: a perspective from the oceania region

... aerosols, future trends may be very different from trends observed over the last few decades. Arblaster et al. [22] find a similar result of opposing effects of greenhouse gases and ozone. Such studies, which involve “single-forcing” simulations of, for example, greenhouse gases, ozone or aerosols a ...
To cite this version:
To cite this version:

... The aim of this article is to lay out a series of issues of current concern to researchers in the social sciences, regarding the impact of climate change on the vine and wine sector. The challenge lies in evaluating the cost of transition from one system to another through an integration of the dire ...
magnitude and frequency
magnitude and frequency

... An objective weather classification was used to reconstruct the atmospheric constituent of fluvial flooding in England, Scotland and Wales since the 1880s. Flood rich episodes were identified in the periods 1908-1934, 1977-1988 and from 1998 onwards. Five weather types account for 68% of flood occur ...
It`s not The `air miles` that matter! What really matters?
It`s not The `air miles` that matter! What really matters?

... producers to invest in diversifying and strengthening their business. In some cases, Fairtrade has begun to help alleviate the problem of limited credit availability through the option of setting up micro finance schemes using the Fairtrade premium. There are also many examples where producer groups ...
From Ice Age to Nice Age Why?
From Ice Age to Nice Age Why?

... slow-down and global warming went into hiatus before the Kyoto Accord was ever ratified, despite a rise in CO2 concentration. (now 18 years and 8 months of barely perceptible change) The world has spent $US 2.2 Trillion on renewable energy from 2004 through 2014 trying to reduce emissions, but carbo ...
powerpoint presentation
powerpoint presentation

... (Moon, in its effect on tidal cycles and hence mixing) ...
'A spaciotemporal analysis of U.S. station temperature trends over the last century
'A spaciotemporal analysis of U.S. station temperature trends over the last century

... climate dynamics, understanding the response of the climate system to different forcings is a challenging problem, involving analysis of the variations and trends in long time series of atmospheric measurements and proxy records. The global mean surface air temperature is one of the most important a ...
Spanning `not-implausiblea futures to assess relative vulnerability to
Spanning `not-implausiblea futures to assess relative vulnerability to

The Fatal Flaw of the Global Warming Theory
The Fatal Flaw of the Global Warming Theory

... amounts of additional outgoing infrared (IR) radiation to space beyond the blockage of CO2 by itself. This consequently leads to significant amounts of extra global temperature increase which is two to three times larger than what the CO2 doubling temperature increase can accomplish alone. Our obser ...
This Unit Plan was developed by: Valarie Gray Cleveland
This Unit Plan was developed by: Valarie Gray Cleveland

... Weather is the day-to-day experience of the atmosphere at a given location and climate is the long-term average of the weather. Both weather and climate can be described by temperature, precipitation, humidity, sunlight and wind. Weather is the short-term patterns and climate is the long-term patter ...
Sheet 09 : Biodiversity in the Arctic
Sheet 09 : Biodiversity in the Arctic

... Experiment: Under the influence of the sun’s heat or that of another source of light, the panes absorb energy and heat up until they reach a stable and almost constant temperature. The temperature of the black pane (= seas, oceans) is higher, since it reflects the sun’s rays to a lesser extent in co ...
The Green Climate Fund
The Green Climate Fund

... Simplify the process for obtaining funds. Countries should be able to request funding directly without going through intermediary agencies, such as what happens with funds from the Inter-American Development Bank or the World Bank. The criteria and requirements for accessing funds must be clear, and ...
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General circulation model

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