Stream 3.1 Marine ecosystem change Stream goals
... 1. A practical and efficient suite of indicators for measuring change in Southern Ocean ecosystem structure and function. Priorities for new research proposals i. Identification of practical indicators of ecosystem structure and function. Priority 1 Approaches o Theoretical assessment, such as using ...
... 1. A practical and efficient suite of indicators for measuring change in Southern Ocean ecosystem structure and function. Priorities for new research proposals i. Identification of practical indicators of ecosystem structure and function. Priority 1 Approaches o Theoretical assessment, such as using ...
Geography Specification B - Unit 1
... Investigate the climate of the UK today, including temperature, rainfall and seasonality, and consider why they might change in the future, including reference to ocean currents and air masses. Examine how human activities produce rising levels of carbon dioxide and methane and how these contribute ...
... Investigate the climate of the UK today, including temperature, rainfall and seasonality, and consider why they might change in the future, including reference to ocean currents and air masses. Examine how human activities produce rising levels of carbon dioxide and methane and how these contribute ...
Why Have Climate Negotiations Proved So Disappointing?
... 2007). Moreover, we don’t know the quantity of global emissions (expressed, perhaps, as a cumulative sum) needed to meet any particular concentration target, due to uncertainty in the carbon cycle. For example, there is uncertainty about how much of the CO2 emitted will be taken up by soils and the ...
... 2007). Moreover, we don’t know the quantity of global emissions (expressed, perhaps, as a cumulative sum) needed to meet any particular concentration target, due to uncertainty in the carbon cycle. For example, there is uncertainty about how much of the CO2 emitted will be taken up by soils and the ...
The Causes of Global Climatic Changes: International and
... decisions it takes at its periodic meetings) to assess progress in dealing with climate change. In 1997, the Kyoto Protocol was concluded and established legally binding obligations for developed countries to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions. “The agreement is subject to ratification, and its u ...
... decisions it takes at its periodic meetings) to assess progress in dealing with climate change. In 1997, the Kyoto Protocol was concluded and established legally binding obligations for developed countries to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions. “The agreement is subject to ratification, and its u ...
Global climate evolution during the last deglaciation
... superposed on those associated with global warming. Considerable ice-sheet melting and sea-level rise occurred after 11 ka, but otherwise the world had entered the current interglaciation with near-pre-Industrial greenhouse gas concentrations and relatively stable climates. Here we synthesize well-d ...
... superposed on those associated with global warming. Considerable ice-sheet melting and sea-level rise occurred after 11 ka, but otherwise the world had entered the current interglaciation with near-pre-Industrial greenhouse gas concentrations and relatively stable climates. Here we synthesize well-d ...
Weather, Climate – Society and Culture
... energy intensive its impact on weather and climate will be more. Such interrelationship varies with human knowledge and information, and more specifically with uses of technology. “Technological inventions or use of technology alter the means of subsistence and influence the structure and ideologica ...
... energy intensive its impact on weather and climate will be more. Such interrelationship varies with human knowledge and information, and more specifically with uses of technology. “Technological inventions or use of technology alter the means of subsistence and influence the structure and ideologica ...
World Bank Bangkok Briefing - World Economy and Development
... approved in September 2007 – Pilot program to begin measuring GHG emissions of the WBG lending portfolio is underway. ...
... approved in September 2007 – Pilot program to begin measuring GHG emissions of the WBG lending portfolio is underway. ...
Impact of Greenland and Antarctic ice sheet interactions on climate
... ice sheet that alter the oceanic density structure, the heat exchange within the water column and with the atmosphere, and ultimately the large scale ocean circulation. As a result, a local relative cooling in the North Atlantic sector occurs, which is further amplified by sea–ice-related feedbacks. ...
... ice sheet that alter the oceanic density structure, the heat exchange within the water column and with the atmosphere, and ultimately the large scale ocean circulation. As a result, a local relative cooling in the North Atlantic sector occurs, which is further amplified by sea–ice-related feedbacks. ...
Chapter 4 Climate change and its implications for catastrophe
... “deterministic loss models” to determine the losses associated with particular events, e.g. to test worst-case scenarios for a portfolio or simulate the losses expected if a particular historical loss were to reoccur. This kind of model made no judgement about the frequency of the events, but helped ...
... “deterministic loss models” to determine the losses associated with particular events, e.g. to test worst-case scenarios for a portfolio or simulate the losses expected if a particular historical loss were to reoccur. This kind of model made no judgement about the frequency of the events, but helped ...
Climate Change and Fairtrade: Why Is It Time to Make the Links?
... especially in the Global South. As indicated by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, “crop productivity is projected to decrease for even small local temperature increases (1-2˚ C), which would increase the risk of hunger.”14 In addition, it should also be noted that an increas ...
... especially in the Global South. As indicated by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, “crop productivity is projected to decrease for even small local temperature increases (1-2˚ C), which would increase the risk of hunger.”14 In addition, it should also be noted that an increas ...
A semiparametric multivariate, multisite weather generator with
... [8] This study presents a stochastic weather generator with greater ability to support bottom-up vulnerability assessments under climate change for a wide range of socioeconomic and biophysical systems sensitive to different aspects of climate variability and change. The proposed stochastic model ad ...
... [8] This study presents a stochastic weather generator with greater ability to support bottom-up vulnerability assessments under climate change for a wide range of socioeconomic and biophysical systems sensitive to different aspects of climate variability and change. The proposed stochastic model ad ...
Harnessing Synergies Between Climate Change Adaptation and
... • Generates ownership among a wide range of stakeholders • Lead to robust risk reduction ...
... • Generates ownership among a wide range of stakeholders • Lead to robust risk reduction ...
Science for Natural Resource Management
... Preliminary Review of Adaptation Options for ClimateSensitive Ecosystems and Resources, which reviewed the experience and policies of each agency. Although this and other reports describe numerous case studies of work in progress, it seems that resource management agencies have only implemented a sm ...
... Preliminary Review of Adaptation Options for ClimateSensitive Ecosystems and Resources, which reviewed the experience and policies of each agency. Although this and other reports describe numerous case studies of work in progress, it seems that resource management agencies have only implemented a sm ...
- Open Research Online
... graph of charcoal deposits is indicative of a rapid increase in the prevalence and intensity of fire in south eastern Australia around 5,700 years ago (2007: 47). This signature of irrupting wild fire shows up at the same time not only in comparable records from other sites in Australia, but right a ...
... graph of charcoal deposits is indicative of a rapid increase in the prevalence and intensity of fire in south eastern Australia around 5,700 years ago (2007: 47). This signature of irrupting wild fire shows up at the same time not only in comparable records from other sites in Australia, but right a ...
Climate Leadership in Africa -
... decade, and there is ongoing political and military unrest in Guinea-Bissau. In 1975, the economic and political union of ECOWAS was founded, with the aim of developing common policies and programmes between the member states, and better representing the region on the international stage. Political ...
... decade, and there is ongoing political and military unrest in Guinea-Bissau. In 1975, the economic and political union of ECOWAS was founded, with the aim of developing common policies and programmes between the member states, and better representing the region on the international stage. Political ...
I. What is Land
... A. Changes in greenhouse gas emissions from the land (especially CO2) Part 1. Tropical Deforestation is a major contributor to CO2 increases in the atmosphere Part 2. Long-term Legacies of Northern Hemisphere land-use change for atmospheric CO2 (a two-part story of land-use change and carbon cycling ...
... A. Changes in greenhouse gas emissions from the land (especially CO2) Part 1. Tropical Deforestation is a major contributor to CO2 increases in the atmosphere Part 2. Long-term Legacies of Northern Hemisphere land-use change for atmospheric CO2 (a two-part story of land-use change and carbon cycling ...
PDF
... The advantage of this empirical approach is that the method includes not only the direct effect of climate on productivity but also the adaptation response by farmers to local climate. This farmer behavior is important because it mitigates the problems associated with less than optimal environmental ...
... The advantage of this empirical approach is that the method includes not only the direct effect of climate on productivity but also the adaptation response by farmers to local climate. This farmer behavior is important because it mitigates the problems associated with less than optimal environmental ...
Infiltrating the Frozen Fortress: the importance of the cryosphere to
... Siberia is thought to be directly connected to changes in the thickness of the active permafrost layer (Anisimov et al. 2007). The periglacial zone is determined by mean temperature, latitude, altitude, and local climate (Washburn 1979). The intense freeze-thaw cycles of periglacial zones result in ...
... Siberia is thought to be directly connected to changes in the thickness of the active permafrost layer (Anisimov et al. 2007). The periglacial zone is determined by mean temperature, latitude, altitude, and local climate (Washburn 1979). The intense freeze-thaw cycles of periglacial zones result in ...
Environmental prices, uncertainty and learning
... Section six concludes. It notes that, in climate change, we have seen a progression in shadow pricing approaches that in many respects mirrors our story. Price setting has evolved from an approach based on modelling the marginal benefits (or symmetrically the social costs) of environmental protectio ...
... Section six concludes. It notes that, in climate change, we have seen a progression in shadow pricing approaches that in many respects mirrors our story. Price setting has evolved from an approach based on modelling the marginal benefits (or symmetrically the social costs) of environmental protectio ...
Positive feedback between global warming and atmospheric CO2
... approach cannot produce more than a rough estimate. Also, there are obvious ...
... approach cannot produce more than a rough estimate. Also, there are obvious ...
Biogeosciences
... The Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature (MEGAN v2.1; Guenther et al., 2012) incorporates recent advances in the understanding of the processes controlling biogenic emissions (e.g., solar radiation, temperature, soil moisture, carbon dioxide concentration, vegetation type, leaf age, ...
... The Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature (MEGAN v2.1; Guenther et al., 2012) incorporates recent advances in the understanding of the processes controlling biogenic emissions (e.g., solar radiation, temperature, soil moisture, carbon dioxide concentration, vegetation type, leaf age, ...
4.1 Climate Change Effects
... IPCC, 2007: Summary for Policymakers. In: Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Solomon, S., D. Qin, M. Manning, Z. Chen, M. Marquis, K.B. Averyt, M.Tignor and H.L. ...
... IPCC, 2007: Summary for Policymakers. In: Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Solomon, S., D. Qin, M. Manning, Z. Chen, M. Marquis, K.B. Averyt, M.Tignor and H.L. ...
DICE 2013R - Yale Economics
... desirability of the distribution of incomes over space or time of existing conditions, any more than a marine biologist makes a moral judgment on the equity of the eating habits of sharks or guppies. We can put this point differently in terms of welfare improvements. The calculations of the potentia ...
... desirability of the distribution of incomes over space or time of existing conditions, any more than a marine biologist makes a moral judgment on the equity of the eating habits of sharks or guppies. We can put this point differently in terms of welfare improvements. The calculations of the potentia ...
An overview of regional land-use and land
... (National Agricultural Statistics Service, 1998). This rapid landuse change was achieved largely by converting rain-fed corn areas to irrigated areas. To investigate the likely impacts of this agriculture-related land-use change on surface energy partitioning and summer climate, as reported in Adego ...
... (National Agricultural Statistics Service, 1998). This rapid landuse change was achieved largely by converting rain-fed corn areas to irrigated areas. To investigate the likely impacts of this agriculture-related land-use change on surface energy partitioning and summer climate, as reported in Adego ...