Suggested Readings for Biopsychology Domain
... • Dendrites—extensions of the neuron cell body that transmit information toward it. Dendrites usually are located near the cell body and may have many branches. • Cell body (soma)—the part of the cell that contains the nucleus. • Axon—a single extension of the neuron cell body that carries informati ...
... • Dendrites—extensions of the neuron cell body that transmit information toward it. Dendrites usually are located near the cell body and may have many branches. • Cell body (soma)—the part of the cell that contains the nucleus. • Axon—a single extension of the neuron cell body that carries informati ...
IngesYve Behaviour - Dr. Jeffrey Nicol`s Courses
... • We have also evolved diges&ve and excretory systems, and other systems, to perform those func&ons • And of course we engage in ea&ng and drinking behaviour for inges&ng food and water • This lecture ...
... • We have also evolved diges&ve and excretory systems, and other systems, to perform those func&ons • And of course we engage in ea&ng and drinking behaviour for inges&ng food and water • This lecture ...
Visual areas and spatial summation in human visual cortex
... Functional MRI measurements can securely partition the human posterior occipital lobe into retinotopically organized visual areas (V1, V2 and V3) with experiments that last only 30 min. Methods for identifying functional areas in the dorsal and ventral aspect of the human occipital cortex, however, ...
... Functional MRI measurements can securely partition the human posterior occipital lobe into retinotopically organized visual areas (V1, V2 and V3) with experiments that last only 30 min. Methods for identifying functional areas in the dorsal and ventral aspect of the human occipital cortex, however, ...
Aerobic Exercise and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Brain
... were provided to the edu-ADHD group but not to the sportsADHD group. These sessions are described in detail in our previous study (16). Briefly, the edu-ADHD subjects attended 12 sessions (S): S1, self-introduction; S2, good behavior and bad behavior; S3, a review of self-behavior; S4, a comparison ...
... were provided to the edu-ADHD group but not to the sportsADHD group. These sessions are described in detail in our previous study (16). Briefly, the edu-ADHD subjects attended 12 sessions (S): S1, self-introduction; S2, good behavior and bad behavior; S3, a review of self-behavior; S4, a comparison ...
Magnetic Susceptibility Tensor: Imaging and Modeling
... definition of susceptibility is in fact the volume susceptibility or bulk susceptibility. In MRI images, it is the volume susceptibility involving the magnetism (a dipole moment) per voxel. Magnetic materials are classically classified as diamagnetic, paramagnetic, or ferromagnetic on the basis of t ...
... definition of susceptibility is in fact the volume susceptibility or bulk susceptibility. In MRI images, it is the volume susceptibility involving the magnetism (a dipole moment) per voxel. Magnetic materials are classically classified as diamagnetic, paramagnetic, or ferromagnetic on the basis of t ...
Electrical Control of Behavior: The Nervous System
... When the electrical impulse from the action potential reaches the end of the axon, it signals the terminal buttons to release neurotransmitters into the synapse. A neurotransmitter is a chemical that relays signals across the synapses between neurons. Neurotransmitters travel across the synaptic spa ...
... When the electrical impulse from the action potential reaches the end of the axon, it signals the terminal buttons to release neurotransmitters into the synapse. A neurotransmitter is a chemical that relays signals across the synapses between neurons. Neurotransmitters travel across the synaptic spa ...
P312 Ch05_PerceivingObjectsII
... Each spot is represented by 3 numbers, representing intensity in 3 “primary” wavelengths. – neurons representing amount of Short wavelength, Medium wavelength, and Long wavelength light. ...
... Each spot is represented by 3 numbers, representing intensity in 3 “primary” wavelengths. – neurons representing amount of Short wavelength, Medium wavelength, and Long wavelength light. ...
NIH Public Access
... development (Sowell et al. 2003, see Fig. 1). Figure 1 illustrates that, while in general there are nonlinear decreases in gray matter density across the life span (ages 7–87 years), some regions, such as the prefrontal (Fig. 1, e.g., plots A, G) and parietal regions (e.g., plots D, E) show steeper ...
... development (Sowell et al. 2003, see Fig. 1). Figure 1 illustrates that, while in general there are nonlinear decreases in gray matter density across the life span (ages 7–87 years), some regions, such as the prefrontal (Fig. 1, e.g., plots A, G) and parietal regions (e.g., plots D, E) show steeper ...
thE hEADAChE + PAiN RELiEF CENTRE
... leakage of chemicals called ‘inflammatory neuropeptides’ in specific areas of the brain, causing a local reaction felt by the body as headache. As nerves and blood vessels travel in intimate association, the process that leads to migraines and headaches is now called ‘neurovascular inflammation’. Wh ...
... leakage of chemicals called ‘inflammatory neuropeptides’ in specific areas of the brain, causing a local reaction felt by the body as headache. As nerves and blood vessels travel in intimate association, the process that leads to migraines and headaches is now called ‘neurovascular inflammation’. Wh ...
8165 Brain Nervous Sys CE 8x11
... ■ Understand that the nervous system works by electrochemical signals in the nerves and from one nerve to the next. The hormonal system exerts its influences by chemicals that circulate in the blood. These two systems also affect each other in coordinating body systems. ■ Understand that communicati ...
... ■ Understand that the nervous system works by electrochemical signals in the nerves and from one nerve to the next. The hormonal system exerts its influences by chemicals that circulate in the blood. These two systems also affect each other in coordinating body systems. ■ Understand that communicati ...
Phys Chapter 59 [4-20
... o During REM sleep, heart rate and respiratory rate usually become irregular, which is characteristic of the dream state o The brain is highly active in REM sleep, and overall brain metabolism is increased An electroencephalogram (EEG) shows a pattern of brain waves in REM sleep similar to during ...
... o During REM sleep, heart rate and respiratory rate usually become irregular, which is characteristic of the dream state o The brain is highly active in REM sleep, and overall brain metabolism is increased An electroencephalogram (EEG) shows a pattern of brain waves in REM sleep similar to during ...
The Ten-Percent Myth
... Variants of the Ten-Percent Myth The myth is not simply a static, misunderstood factoid. It has several forms, and this adaptability gives it a shelf life longer than lacquered Spam. In the basic form, the myth claims that years ago a scientist discovered that we indeed did use only ten percent of o ...
... Variants of the Ten-Percent Myth The myth is not simply a static, misunderstood factoid. It has several forms, and this adaptability gives it a shelf life longer than lacquered Spam. In the basic form, the myth claims that years ago a scientist discovered that we indeed did use only ten percent of o ...
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy and Neuroscience:
... constantly being removed or recreated, which largely depends upon how they are used. One of the key elements of the human brain’s ability to change through neuroplasticity is creation of interconnections between neurons based on their simultaneous firing over a period of time. This concept is captur ...
... constantly being removed or recreated, which largely depends upon how they are used. One of the key elements of the human brain’s ability to change through neuroplasticity is creation of interconnections between neurons based on their simultaneous firing over a period of time. This concept is captur ...
Direct and Indirect Activation of Cortical Neurons by Electrical
... doi:10.1152/jn.00126.2006. Electrical microstimulation has been used to elucidate cortical function. This review discusses neuronal excitability and effective current spread estimated by using three different methods: 1) single-cell recording, 2) behavioral methods, and 3) functional magnetic resona ...
... doi:10.1152/jn.00126.2006. Electrical microstimulation has been used to elucidate cortical function. This review discusses neuronal excitability and effective current spread estimated by using three different methods: 1) single-cell recording, 2) behavioral methods, and 3) functional magnetic resona ...
Supplementary Information (doc 89K)
... physiological noise. Compcor entails regression of key principal components obtained from decomposition of a priori specified noise regions-of interest in which the time series temporal changes are not likely to be driven by neuronal signal (i.e., white matter [WM], cerebral spinal fluid [CSF]). Com ...
... physiological noise. Compcor entails regression of key principal components obtained from decomposition of a priori specified noise regions-of interest in which the time series temporal changes are not likely to be driven by neuronal signal (i.e., white matter [WM], cerebral spinal fluid [CSF]). Com ...
Changes in Resting State Effective Connectivity in the Motor
... Region C may also be activated during the task but is presumed to be part of a different network if not correlated with A or B. For example, Toni et al7 used functional timecourses of motor regions during a motor learning paradigm to determine what regions were involved in different stages of learni ...
... Region C may also be activated during the task but is presumed to be part of a different network if not correlated with A or B. For example, Toni et al7 used functional timecourses of motor regions during a motor learning paradigm to determine what regions were involved in different stages of learni ...
uncorrected page proofs
... which part controlled a specific function. Relatively little was known about the actual function of the brain, such as how and when different brain structures and areas ‘work’, their relationships to other brain structures and areas, and nerve pathways linking them. None of the early techniques for ...
... which part controlled a specific function. Relatively little was known about the actual function of the brain, such as how and when different brain structures and areas ‘work’, their relationships to other brain structures and areas, and nerve pathways linking them. None of the early techniques for ...
Slide 1 - Elsevier Store
... microstimulation appears below. The apparent gap in response reflects the brief period during which V4 recording was paused while current was injected into FEF, when, for technical reasons, the stimulating current interfered with the ability to record action potentials. Following stimulation, the V4 ...
... microstimulation appears below. The apparent gap in response reflects the brief period during which V4 recording was paused while current was injected into FEF, when, for technical reasons, the stimulating current interfered with the ability to record action potentials. Following stimulation, the V4 ...
Session 1 Introduction
... So far we have been dividing the brain up by the various sulci. However, the brain is much more connected than divided. Areas of the frontal lobe are closely connected to the parietal lobe (orange, also red). This is a recent figure showing the various ways that different areas of the brain work tog ...
... So far we have been dividing the brain up by the various sulci. However, the brain is much more connected than divided. Areas of the frontal lobe are closely connected to the parietal lobe (orange, also red). This is a recent figure showing the various ways that different areas of the brain work tog ...
Optogenetic drive of neocortical pyramidal neurons generates fMRI
... (FBOLD(1790)=6.56, P=0.01). The SUA responses demonstrated a pattern similar to the BOLD response, showing a gradual increase in firing rate and exhibiting an overall higher firing rate for Poisson relative to periodic stimulation (Fig. 4B; main effect of stimulation frequency FSUA(41,290)=4.12, P<0 ...
... (FBOLD(1790)=6.56, P=0.01). The SUA responses demonstrated a pattern similar to the BOLD response, showing a gradual increase in firing rate and exhibiting an overall higher firing rate for Poisson relative to periodic stimulation (Fig. 4B; main effect of stimulation frequency FSUA(41,290)=4.12, P<0 ...
Physiology Ch 58 p711-720 [4-25
... 3. into hypothalamic infundibulum to control posterior/anterior pituitary -hypothalamus controls most of the vegetative and endocrine functions of body and many aspects of emotional behavior Vegetative and Endocrine Control of Hypothalamus – controls arterial pressure, thirst and water conservation ...
... 3. into hypothalamic infundibulum to control posterior/anterior pituitary -hypothalamus controls most of the vegetative and endocrine functions of body and many aspects of emotional behavior Vegetative and Endocrine Control of Hypothalamus – controls arterial pressure, thirst and water conservation ...
Word`s - Semiosis Evolution Energy
... an ongoing process of semiosis that cuts across the sub-systemic distinctions of brain, body and world.34 ...
... an ongoing process of semiosis that cuts across the sub-systemic distinctions of brain, body and world.34 ...
Functional magnetic resonance imaging
Functional magnetic resonance imaging or functional MRI (fMRI) is a functional neuroimaging procedure using MRI technology that measures brain activity by detecting associated changes in blood flow. This technique relies on the fact that cerebral blood flow and neuronal activation are coupled. When an area of the brain is in use, blood flow to that region also increases.The primary form of fMRI uses the blood-oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) contrast, discovered by Seiji Ogawa. This is a type of specialized brain and body scan used to map neural activity in the brain or spinal cord of humans or other animals by imaging the change in blood flow (hemodynamic response) related to energy use by brain cells. Since the early 1990s, fMRI has come to dominate brain mapping research because it does not require people to undergo shots, surgery, or to ingest substances, or be exposed to radiation, etc. Other methods of obtaining contrast are arterial spin labeling and diffusion MRI.The procedure is similar to MRI but uses the change in magnetization between oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor blood as its basic measure. This measure is frequently corrupted by noise from various sources and hence statistical procedures are used to extract the underlying signal. The resulting brain activation can be presented graphically by color-coding the strength of activation across the brain or the specific region studied. The technique can localize activity to within millimeters but, using standard techniques, no better than within a window of a few seconds.fMRI is used both in the research world, and to a lesser extent, in the clinical world. It can also be combined and complemented with other measures of brain physiology such as EEG and NIRS. Newer methods which improve both spatial and time resolution are being researched, and these largely use biomarkers other than the BOLD signal. Some companies have developed commercial products such as lie detectors based on fMRI techniques, but the research is not believed to be ripe enough for widespread commercialization.