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... family member TT12 transports anthocyanins and glycosylated flavan-3ols in the seedcoat (5,6). We have found that another MATE protein, FFT, is necessary for correct accumulation of flavonols in floral tissues. FFT promoter-GUS staining occurs in inflorescence guard cells and, as might be expected f ...
... family member TT12 transports anthocyanins and glycosylated flavan-3ols in the seedcoat (5,6). We have found that another MATE protein, FFT, is necessary for correct accumulation of flavonols in floral tissues. FFT promoter-GUS staining occurs in inflorescence guard cells and, as might be expected f ...
Biology 1407 Exam 3 Plants
... method of movement of sperm, portion of the life cycle that dominates (can produce its own food), structure enclosing the seed. What allows the sporophyte body to grow much taller than the gametophyte body? Why must the gametophyte remain small and close to the ground in non-seed plants? Why was it ...
... method of movement of sperm, portion of the life cycle that dominates (can produce its own food), structure enclosing the seed. What allows the sporophyte body to grow much taller than the gametophyte body? Why must the gametophyte remain small and close to the ground in non-seed plants? Why was it ...
Phytophthora Root Rot of Soybean
... Phytophthora root rot has been reported in all major soybean producing areas of the U.S. and is common in Arkansas. This disease is most severe in poorly drained soils that remain wet for several days. Plant stand losses and 100% yield reductions can occur on highly susceptible soybean cultivars. Sy ...
... Phytophthora root rot has been reported in all major soybean producing areas of the U.S. and is common in Arkansas. This disease is most severe in poorly drained soils that remain wet for several days. Plant stand losses and 100% yield reductions can occur on highly susceptible soybean cultivars. Sy ...
Chapter 22 Plant Structure and Function
... meristem, is related to a summer job you might have had–mowing grass. This meristem is found in one or more locations along the stems of many monocots. Intercalary meri-stem produces new cells that result in an increase in stem or leaf length. If grasses only had apical meri-stems, they would stop g ...
... meristem, is related to a summer job you might have had–mowing grass. This meristem is found in one or more locations along the stems of many monocots. Intercalary meri-stem produces new cells that result in an increase in stem or leaf length. If grasses only had apical meri-stems, they would stop g ...
Regular Biology Chapter 23: Plant Diversity and Life Cycles Notes
... They provide ________________ for the seeds and function in seed dispersal by animals, wind, and water Some plants can reproduce asexually by vegetative reproduction—which is done with nonreproductive parts such as __________________________________ Regular Biology Chapter 24: Seed Plant Structure a ...
... They provide ________________ for the seeds and function in seed dispersal by animals, wind, and water Some plants can reproduce asexually by vegetative reproduction—which is done with nonreproductive parts such as __________________________________ Regular Biology Chapter 24: Seed Plant Structure a ...
Plant Kingdom - Excellup.com
... 1. What is the basis of classification of algae? Answer: The main basis of classification of algae has been done on the basis of presence or absence of pigments, which impart an algae its colour. Chlorophyceae contains chlorophyll a and b, giving it the green colour and the name ‘blue-green algae’. ...
... 1. What is the basis of classification of algae? Answer: The main basis of classification of algae has been done on the basis of presence or absence of pigments, which impart an algae its colour. Chlorophyceae contains chlorophyll a and b, giving it the green colour and the name ‘blue-green algae’. ...
Plant Growth Regulators
... Gibberellins not only dramatically increase stem growth, but they are also involved in nearly all of the same regulatory processes in plant development as auxins. Flowering, the dormancy of buds and seeds can be broken, lower the threshold of growth; that is, plants may start growing at lower temper ...
... Gibberellins not only dramatically increase stem growth, but they are also involved in nearly all of the same regulatory processes in plant development as auxins. Flowering, the dormancy of buds and seeds can be broken, lower the threshold of growth; that is, plants may start growing at lower temper ...
From Seed to Shining Seed
... monocotyledon – a flowering plant that has a single leaf in the seed and floral parts in multiples of three node – composed of the leaf axil and bud opposite – leaf arrangement in which two leaves are attached at one level but on different sides of the stem ovary – where seeds develop at the base of ...
... monocotyledon – a flowering plant that has a single leaf in the seed and floral parts in multiples of three node – composed of the leaf axil and bud opposite – leaf arrangement in which two leaves are attached at one level but on different sides of the stem ovary – where seeds develop at the base of ...
Chapter 31
... (in general)…con’t • Alternate leaves with secretory cells are primitive compared to opposite or whorled leaves without secretory cells. • Many separate stamens are more primitive than few or united stamens • Single fruits preceded aggregate fruits formed from several ovaries • OVERALL: simple struc ...
... (in general)…con’t • Alternate leaves with secretory cells are primitive compared to opposite or whorled leaves without secretory cells. • Many separate stamens are more primitive than few or united stamens • Single fruits preceded aggregate fruits formed from several ovaries • OVERALL: simple struc ...
STUDY GUIDE:
... Epiphytes are plants that grow on trees but do not leech food from the tree or harm the tree in any way. For example, in some tropical forests, ferns may grow on the sides of taller trees. Fruit is the name given to the ripened ovary that surrounds and protects the seeds. Germination refers to the b ...
... Epiphytes are plants that grow on trees but do not leech food from the tree or harm the tree in any way. For example, in some tropical forests, ferns may grow on the sides of taller trees. Fruit is the name given to the ripened ovary that surrounds and protects the seeds. Germination refers to the b ...
General Plant Terms 3.81 MB
... Lignotuber – root tissue that allows plants to regenerate after fire or other damage. Primary – roots that develops from the radicle of the embryo, normally the first root to emerge from the seed as it germinates. Root Hairs – very small roots, often one cell wide, that do most of the water and nutr ...
... Lignotuber – root tissue that allows plants to regenerate after fire or other damage. Primary – roots that develops from the radicle of the embryo, normally the first root to emerge from the seed as it germinates. Root Hairs – very small roots, often one cell wide, that do most of the water and nutr ...
Unit 5 : Diversity of Life Content Outline: Plant Kingdom (5.6) – Part 1
... 1. They have a green pigment known as chlorophyll in their chloroplasts, which absorbs light energy needed for photosynthesis. 2. Plants use the energy from light to make food from carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and water taken up through their roots. a. This process is photosynthesis. 3. Plants a ...
... 1. They have a green pigment known as chlorophyll in their chloroplasts, which absorbs light energy needed for photosynthesis. 2. Plants use the energy from light to make food from carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and water taken up through their roots. a. This process is photosynthesis. 3. Plants a ...
Title - Iowa State University
... 14. Which of the following is an Archaea that thrives in salty environments? a. Hyperthermophiles b. Cyanobacteria c. Halophiles d. Protezoa 15. What produced earth’s first oxygen rich atmosphere? a. Hyperthermophiles b. Cyanobacteria c. Halophiles d. Protezoa 16. Bacteria and Archaea reproduce asex ...
... 14. Which of the following is an Archaea that thrives in salty environments? a. Hyperthermophiles b. Cyanobacteria c. Halophiles d. Protezoa 15. What produced earth’s first oxygen rich atmosphere? a. Hyperthermophiles b. Cyanobacteria c. Halophiles d. Protezoa 16. Bacteria and Archaea reproduce asex ...
Exam 1 Review - Iowa State University
... 14. Which of the following is an Archaea that thrives in salty environments? a. Hyperthermophiles b. Cyanobacteria c. Halophiles d. Protezoa 15. What produced earth’s first oxygen rich atmosphere? a. Hyperthermophiles b. Cyanobacteria c. Halophiles d. Protezoa 16. Bacteria and Archaea reproduce asex ...
... 14. Which of the following is an Archaea that thrives in salty environments? a. Hyperthermophiles b. Cyanobacteria c. Halophiles d. Protezoa 15. What produced earth’s first oxygen rich atmosphere? a. Hyperthermophiles b. Cyanobacteria c. Halophiles d. Protezoa 16. Bacteria and Archaea reproduce asex ...
Plant Life Cycles - Riverdale Middle School
... the ground, absorb water and minerals from the soil, and sometimes store food. 2. Describe the two types of root systems. Taproot System – a long thick, main root with many smaller roots branching off (carrots, dandelions); Fibrous Root System – thin fibrous roots that form a tangled mass and take t ...
... the ground, absorb water and minerals from the soil, and sometimes store food. 2. Describe the two types of root systems. Taproot System – a long thick, main root with many smaller roots branching off (carrots, dandelions); Fibrous Root System – thin fibrous roots that form a tangled mass and take t ...
Plant Structures - Fredericksburg City Schools
... 3. What are some examples of each type of root system? 4. Which root type is likely to be more useful in preventing soil erosion? ...
... 3. What are some examples of each type of root system? 4. Which root type is likely to be more useful in preventing soil erosion? ...
What are several commercial uses for plant growth regulators?
... • Phototropism is a response by a plant to grow toward a light source while tropism is a growth response to an external stimulus. • Sunlight slowly breaks down auxins. • When the side with more auxins grows faster, the stem starts to bend toward the sun. • The earth’s gravity elicits a plant respons ...
... • Phototropism is a response by a plant to grow toward a light source while tropism is a growth response to an external stimulus. • Sunlight slowly breaks down auxins. • When the side with more auxins grows faster, the stem starts to bend toward the sun. • The earth’s gravity elicits a plant respons ...
plants - Dr Magrann
... The apical meristem of a shoot is a dome-shaped mass of dividing cells at the tip of the terminal bud. Leaves arise as leaf primordia, which are finger-like projections along both sides of the apical meristem. Axillary buds can form lateral shoots as well. Within a bud, leaf primordia grow in length ...
... The apical meristem of a shoot is a dome-shaped mass of dividing cells at the tip of the terminal bud. Leaves arise as leaf primordia, which are finger-like projections along both sides of the apical meristem. Axillary buds can form lateral shoots as well. Within a bud, leaf primordia grow in length ...
Level 3 (2013 syllabus revision) plant tissues
... Apical meristems are found at the shoot and root apex (tip). Primary growth takes place at these meristems causing the shoot and root to lengthen. Cell division is followed by cell elongation and cell differentiation, where the cells form differing types of tissues; this takes place in the region im ...
... Apical meristems are found at the shoot and root apex (tip). Primary growth takes place at these meristems causing the shoot and root to lengthen. Cell division is followed by cell elongation and cell differentiation, where the cells form differing types of tissues; this takes place in the region im ...
Plant Propagation - Rosholt School District
... • Seeds are directly seeded when they are planted in the soil where they will grow to a saleable size. • Germination flats are used if they are to be transplanted at a later time. • When reusing germination flats, be sure to sterilize the flats and soil. ...
... • Seeds are directly seeded when they are planted in the soil where they will grow to a saleable size. • Germination flats are used if they are to be transplanted at a later time. • When reusing germination flats, be sure to sterilize the flats and soil. ...
Auxins - TIP1GroupB
... Materials needed: Computer, handouts (optional) National Science Standards: 12CLS1.4 Cell functions are regulated. Regulation occurs both through changes in the activity of the functions performed by proteins and through the selective expression of individual genes. This regulation allows cells to r ...
... Materials needed: Computer, handouts (optional) National Science Standards: 12CLS1.4 Cell functions are regulated. Regulation occurs both through changes in the activity of the functions performed by proteins and through the selective expression of individual genes. This regulation allows cells to r ...
Living organisms: plants
... part of the flower. They produce pollen grains, which contain male reproductive cells. Sexual reproduction in seed plants consists of four stages: pollination, fertilisation, seed and fruit formation and germination. ...
... part of the flower. They produce pollen grains, which contain male reproductive cells. Sexual reproduction in seed plants consists of four stages: pollination, fertilisation, seed and fruit formation and germination. ...
Comp 6a-2 Plant Packet
... Angiosperms are divided into two classes, the monocots and the dicots. The majority of flowering plants are dicots. Dicots include maples, oaks, and magnolias. Monocots are grasses, wheat, corn, and rice. Most of our food supply comes from monocots. The diagram compares the differences between the t ...
... Angiosperms are divided into two classes, the monocots and the dicots. The majority of flowering plants are dicots. Dicots include maples, oaks, and magnolias. Monocots are grasses, wheat, corn, and rice. Most of our food supply comes from monocots. The diagram compares the differences between the t ...
Meristem
A meristem is the tissue in most plants containing undifferentiated cells (meristematic cells), found in zones of the plant where growth can take place.Meristematic cells give rise to various organs of the plant and keep the plant growing. The shoot apical meristem (SAM) gives rise to organs like the leaves and flowers, while the root apical meristem (RAM) provides the meristematic cells for the future root growth. SAM and RAM cells divide rapidly and are considered indeterminate, in that they do not possess any defined end status. In that sense, the meristematic cells are frequently compared to the stem cells in animals, which have an analogous behavior and function.The term meristem was first used in 1858 by Karl Wilhelm von Nägeli (1817–1891) in his book Beiträge zur Wissenschaftlichen Botanik. It is derived from the Greek word merizein (μερίζειν), meaning to divide, in recognition of its inherent function.In general, differentiated plant cells cannot divide or produce cells of a different type. Therefore, cell division in the meristem is required to provide new cells for expansion and differentiation of tissues and initiation of new organs, providing the basic structure of the plant body.Meristematic cells are incompletely or not at all differentiated, and are capable of continued cellular division (youthful). Furthermore, the cells are small and protoplasm fills the cell completely. The vacuoles are extremely small. The cytoplasm does not contain differentiated plastids (chloroplasts or chromoplasts), although they are present in rudimentary form (proplastids). Meristematic cells are packed closely together without intercellular cavities. The cell wall is a very thin primary cell wall.Maintenance of the cells requires a balance between two antagonistic processes: organ initiation and stem cell population renewal.Apical meristems are the completely undifferentiated (indeterminate) meristems in a plant. These differentiate into three kinds of primary meristems. The primary meristems in turn produce the two secondary meristem types. These secondary meristems are also known as lateral meristems because they are involved in lateral growth.At the meristem summit, there is a small group of slowly dividing cells, which is commonly called the central zone. Cells of this zone have a stem cell function and are essential for meristem maintenance. The proliferation and growth rates at the meristem summit usually differ considerably from those at the periphery.Meristems also are induced in the roots of legumes such as soybean, Lotus japonicus, pea, and Medicago truncatula after infection with soil bacteria commonly called Rhizobium. Cells of the inner or outer cortex in the so-called ""window of nodulation"" just behind the developing root tip are induced to divide. The critical signal substance is the lipo-oligosaccharide Nod-factor, decorated with side groups to allow specificity of interaction. The Nod factor receptor proteins NFR1 and NFR5 were cloned from several legumes including Lotus japonicus, Medicago truncatula and soybean (Glycine max). Regulation of nodule meristems utilizes long distance regulation commonly called ""Autoregulation of Nodulation"" (AON). This process involves a leaf-vascular tissue located LRR receptor kinases (LjHAR1, GmNARK and MtSUNN), CLE peptide signalling, and KAPP interaction, similar to that seen in the CLV1,2,3 system. LjKLAVIER also exhibits a nodule regulation phenotype though it is not yet known how this relates to the other AON receptor kinases.