Financial Institutions: Preparing the Market for adapting to Climate
... financial institution in Greece. The relevant tools (models) developed were innovative; they integrated and assessed climate change related risk in monetary terms of all economic sectors. Using these tools, the bank’s employees can easily assess how businesses are affected by climate change and how ...
... financial institution in Greece. The relevant tools (models) developed were innovative; they integrated and assessed climate change related risk in monetary terms of all economic sectors. Using these tools, the bank’s employees can easily assess how businesses are affected by climate change and how ...
Comment by: Patrick J. Michaels and Paul C. Knappenberger
... new studies and 20 experiments (involving more than 45 researchers) examining the ECS, each lowering the best estimate and tightening the error distribution about that estimate. Instead, the IWG wrote in its 2013 report: “It does not revisit other interagency modeling decisions (e.g., with regard to ...
... new studies and 20 experiments (involving more than 45 researchers) examining the ECS, each lowering the best estimate and tightening the error distribution about that estimate. Instead, the IWG wrote in its 2013 report: “It does not revisit other interagency modeling decisions (e.g., with regard to ...
CLIMATIC EXPOSURE OF FORESTS IN THE CARPATHIANS
... contains the modified results of regional climate simulations performed within the frame of the ENSEMBLES project (VAN DER LINDEN et al. 2009). Four Regional Climate Models (RCMs) were used for the decription of future climate – RegCM (The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics), H ...
... contains the modified results of regional climate simulations performed within the frame of the ENSEMBLES project (VAN DER LINDEN et al. 2009). Four Regional Climate Models (RCMs) were used for the decription of future climate – RegCM (The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics), H ...
Climate Change Impacts on Marine Ecosystems
... Humans influence climate primarily through fossil-fuel, industrial, agricultural, and other landuse emissions that alter atmospheric composition. Long-lived, heat-trapping greenhouse gases (CO2 , CH4 , N2 O, tropospheric ozone, and chlorofluorocarbons) warm the planet’s surface globally, whereas short ...
... Humans influence climate primarily through fossil-fuel, industrial, agricultural, and other landuse emissions that alter atmospheric composition. Long-lived, heat-trapping greenhouse gases (CO2 , CH4 , N2 O, tropospheric ozone, and chlorofluorocarbons) warm the planet’s surface globally, whereas short ...
Global Warming and Climate Change - Have You Been Presented The Full Story?
... “We strongly agree that much more reliable regional climate simulations and analyses are needed. However, at present,...such simulations are more aspiration than reality.” ...
... “We strongly agree that much more reliable regional climate simulations and analyses are needed. However, at present,...such simulations are more aspiration than reality.” ...
Backgrounder on the Clean Growth Climate Action plan
... Horgan government to work on a plan that meets our core principles and establishes actions necessary to achieve BC’s carbon pollution reduction targets. We can build a better future for our kids and grandkids here in BC. John Horgan’s approach to climate action will create good jobs and economic gro ...
... Horgan government to work on a plan that meets our core principles and establishes actions necessary to achieve BC’s carbon pollution reduction targets. We can build a better future for our kids and grandkids here in BC. John Horgan’s approach to climate action will create good jobs and economic gro ...
Ground surface temperature scenarios in complex high
... Ohmura, 1997]. For steep rock walls, turbulent latent heat flux was reduced by a factor of 100 because of the assumed lack of snow cover and surface water. Vapor pressure is parameterized using methods described by Flatau et al. [1992] and Plüss [1997]. Latent and sensible turbulent fluxes were cal ...
... Ohmura, 1997]. For steep rock walls, turbulent latent heat flux was reduced by a factor of 100 because of the assumed lack of snow cover and surface water. Vapor pressure is parameterized using methods described by Flatau et al. [1992] and Plüss [1997]. Latent and sensible turbulent fluxes were cal ...
Increase of extreme events in a warming world
... As a first step, we performed Monte Carlo simulations to generate synthetic temperature time series of 100 values each (representing 100 y) as random uncorrelated “noise” with various trends added. Fig. 1A shows one realization of such a series without trend, whereas Fig. 1B shows another realizatio ...
... As a first step, we performed Monte Carlo simulations to generate synthetic temperature time series of 100 values each (representing 100 y) as random uncorrelated “noise” with various trends added. Fig. 1A shows one realization of such a series without trend, whereas Fig. 1B shows another realizatio ...
Chapter 2: AFRICAN CLIMATE CHANGE: PAST AND FUTURE
... Research Unit, University of East Anglia, United Kingdom). More recently, WMO reported that 2010 was the warmest year on record in Africa, particularly, for West Africa, the Saharan/Arabian region, and the Mediterranean (WMO, 2011). The year was exceptionally warm in most of Africa. Temperatures ave ...
... Research Unit, University of East Anglia, United Kingdom). More recently, WMO reported that 2010 was the warmest year on record in Africa, particularly, for West Africa, the Saharan/Arabian region, and the Mediterranean (WMO, 2011). The year was exceptionally warm in most of Africa. Temperatures ave ...
Biographies of the
... and she has been following the UNFCCC climate negotiations for 3 years. She has also been following the sustainable development goals both nationally and internationally. Mariam is a member of the Egyptian National Youth Consultants to the National Population Council, representing youth voices in th ...
... and she has been following the UNFCCC climate negotiations for 3 years. She has also been following the sustainable development goals both nationally and internationally. Mariam is a member of the Egyptian National Youth Consultants to the National Population Council, representing youth voices in th ...
LOREM IPSUM DOLOR SIT AMET CONSECTETUER
... has established over the last thirty years..... ….. as a significant and timely contribution to the ECV databases required by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change ...
... has established over the last thirty years..... ….. as a significant and timely contribution to the ECV databases required by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change ...
Neil Bird - Tracking climate finance in budgetary systems
... 1. to identify the scale and trends of planned and actual expenditure on climate change actions; and 2. to understand expenditure patterns of climate sensitive spending agencies in the public sector. • The review focussed on financial information contained in the Government of Nepal’s Estimates of E ...
... 1. to identify the scale and trends of planned and actual expenditure on climate change actions; and 2. to understand expenditure patterns of climate sensitive spending agencies in the public sector. • The review focussed on financial information contained in the Government of Nepal’s Estimates of E ...
Economic Impacts of Climate Change on North Dakota
... (Figure 2), but it is only one of many ramifications of higher GHG concentrations. Since disruption of Earth’s energy balance is neither seasonally nor geographically uniform, effects of climate disruption vary across space as well as time. For example, there has been a widespread retreat of mountai ...
... (Figure 2), but it is only one of many ramifications of higher GHG concentrations. Since disruption of Earth’s energy balance is neither seasonally nor geographically uniform, effects of climate disruption vary across space as well as time. For example, there has been a widespread retreat of mountai ...
Climate`s Long-term Impacts on Mexico`s City Urban - UN
... there will be an increase in the expected mortality and morbidity rates among the higher age cohorts as well as among the urban poor, and an increase in power demand for air conditioning or other cooling devices11. This in turn may lead to specific infrastructure being under stress, particularly pow ...
... there will be an increase in the expected mortality and morbidity rates among the higher age cohorts as well as among the urban poor, and an increase in power demand for air conditioning or other cooling devices11. This in turn may lead to specific infrastructure being under stress, particularly pow ...
Climate Change: Federal Laws and Policies Updated January 28, 2008
... past 15 years, a variety of voluntary and regulatory actions have been proposed or undertaken in the United States, including monitoring of electric utility carbon dioxide emissions, improved appliance efficiency, and incentives for developing renewable energy sources. This report provides backgroun ...
... past 15 years, a variety of voluntary and regulatory actions have been proposed or undertaken in the United States, including monitoring of electric utility carbon dioxide emissions, improved appliance efficiency, and incentives for developing renewable energy sources. This report provides backgroun ...
PDF
... papers and applications are available at www.feem-web.it/witch. WITCH is a hybrid model because it combines features of both top-down and bottom-up modelling: the top-down component consists of an inter-temporal optimal growth model in which the energy input of the aggregate production function has ...
... papers and applications are available at www.feem-web.it/witch. WITCH is a hybrid model because it combines features of both top-down and bottom-up modelling: the top-down component consists of an inter-temporal optimal growth model in which the energy input of the aggregate production function has ...
Climate scientists need to set the record straight
... such a large proportion of Americans do not understand that there is a near-unanimous scientific consensus about the basic facts of climate change matters, a lot. This essay briefly explains why, and what climate science societies and individual climate scientists can do to set the record straight. ...
... such a large proportion of Americans do not understand that there is a near-unanimous scientific consensus about the basic facts of climate change matters, a lot. This essay briefly explains why, and what climate science societies and individual climate scientists can do to set the record straight. ...
PChem Team Nano
... •the amount of water vapor that exists in a gaseous mixture of air and water •Radiative Forcing •the change in net irradiance •Irradiance •the difference between the incoming radiation energy and the outgoing radiation energy in a given climate system •Aerosol •a suspension of fine solid particles o ...
... •the amount of water vapor that exists in a gaseous mixture of air and water •Radiative Forcing •the change in net irradiance •Irradiance •the difference between the incoming radiation energy and the outgoing radiation energy in a given climate system •Aerosol •a suspension of fine solid particles o ...
Slide 1
... Figure 1.6 Nino-3 index of equatorial Pacific sea surface temperature anomalies and the Southern Oscillation Index of atmospheric pressure anomalies ...
... Figure 1.6 Nino-3 index of equatorial Pacific sea surface temperature anomalies and the Southern Oscillation Index of atmospheric pressure anomalies ...
1851–2004 annual heat budget of the continental
... trend followed by a moderate warming starting in the 1960s. Consequently, there was a small degree of long-term lithosphere cooling followed by a less than a half century of moderate lithosphere warming. Over the past one and a half centuries, the Australian landmass nearly made an even in its therm ...
... trend followed by a moderate warming starting in the 1960s. Consequently, there was a small degree of long-term lithosphere cooling followed by a less than a half century of moderate lithosphere warming. Over the past one and a half centuries, the Australian landmass nearly made an even in its therm ...
1 Climate Change Discourse, Rights, and the Poor: Scientific
... developing nations more generally. But even while it shares the same view as many emergent market countries – that advanced economies have an ecological debt and have emitted gasses in the past that permitted them their “development” – South Africa is also amongst the 20 countries in the word respon ...
... developing nations more generally. But even while it shares the same view as many emergent market countries – that advanced economies have an ecological debt and have emitted gasses in the past that permitted them their “development” – South Africa is also amongst the 20 countries in the word respon ...
Climate Change and Natural Disasters: Scientific
... There is convincing evidence that changes in the earth’s climate are taking place that can not be explained without taking into account human influence, through the emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Trends in average conditions are much easier to identify than changes in extremes, largely because ...
... There is convincing evidence that changes in the earth’s climate are taking place that can not be explained without taking into account human influence, through the emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Trends in average conditions are much easier to identify than changes in extremes, largely because ...
Global warming
Global warming and climate change are terms for the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects.Multiple lines of scientific evidence show that the climate system is warming. Although the increase of near-surface atmospheric temperature is the measure of global warming often reported in the popular press, most of the additional energy stored in the climate system since 1970 has gone into ocean warming. The remainder has melted ice, and warmed the continents and atmosphere. Many of the observed changes since the 1950s are unprecedented over decades to millennia.Scientific understanding of global warming is increasing. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported in 2014 that scientists were more than 95% certain that most of global warming is caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases and other human (anthropogenic) activities. Climate model projections summarized in the report indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C (0.5 to 3.1 °F) for their lowest emissions scenario using stringent mitigation and 2.6 to 4.8 °C (4.7 to 8.6 °F) for their highest. These findings have been recognized by the national science academies of the major industrialized nations.Future climate change and associated impacts will differ from region to region around the globe. Anticipated effects include warming global temperature, rising sea levels, changing precipitation, and expansion of deserts in the subtropics. Warming is expected to be greatest in the Arctic, with the continuing retreat of glaciers, permafrost and sea ice. Other likely changes include more frequent extreme weather events including heat waves, droughts, heavy rainfall, and heavy snowfall; ocean acidification; and species extinctions due to shifting temperature regimes. Effects significant to humans include the threat to food security from decreasing crop yields and the abandonment of populated areas due to flooding.Possible societal responses to global warming include mitigation by emissions reduction, adaptation to its effects, building systems resilient to its effects, and possible future climate engineering. Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),whose ultimate objective is to prevent dangerous anthropogenic climate change. The UNFCCC have adopted a range of policies designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to assist in adaptation to global warming. Parties to the UNFCCC have agreed that deep cuts in emissions are required, and that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level.