Confronting Climate Change in California
... Acquaint students with the basic components of the atmosphere, its structure and composition. Then walk students step by step through the basic processes underlying the greenhouse effect and the radiative budget. (See Figure section in Appendix.) Explain to students how much colder it would be on Ea ...
... Acquaint students with the basic components of the atmosphere, its structure and composition. Then walk students step by step through the basic processes underlying the greenhouse effect and the radiative budget. (See Figure section in Appendix.) Explain to students how much colder it would be on Ea ...
Subglobal Regulation of the Global Commons: The Case of Climate
... ("[flailing back to national-scale intervention... invites free riding, holdouts, and inefficient spending of limited resources—and thus structural regulatory failure.... At least from a theoretical viewpoint, inherently global problems demand concerted worldwide action"); Sean T. Fox, Responding to ...
... ("[flailing back to national-scale intervention... invites free riding, holdouts, and inefficient spending of limited resources—and thus structural regulatory failure.... At least from a theoretical viewpoint, inherently global problems demand concerted worldwide action"); Sean T. Fox, Responding to ...
CRS Report for Congress Climate Change: Federal Expenditures for Science and Technology
... for NASA’s science programs is down 8% to $1,162 million, relative to FY2005. The FY2006 request for NASA’s technology programs is down 38% to $130 million, relative to FY2005. The decrease in NASA’s climate change science program number is due to changes in its budget for space observing platforms, ...
... for NASA’s science programs is down 8% to $1,162 million, relative to FY2005. The FY2006 request for NASA’s technology programs is down 38% to $130 million, relative to FY2005. The decrease in NASA’s climate change science program number is due to changes in its budget for space observing platforms, ...
Experimental warming causes rapid loss of plant
... (Fig. 2b), indicating that this diverse assemblage responds to temperature change as a zone, rather than according to species-specific climate preferences. Climate models predict increases in New England summer air temperatures of 3.3–7.8 C by the end of the century (Frumhoff et al. 2007). The expe ...
... (Fig. 2b), indicating that this diverse assemblage responds to temperature change as a zone, rather than according to species-specific climate preferences. Climate models predict increases in New England summer air temperatures of 3.3–7.8 C by the end of the century (Frumhoff et al. 2007). The expe ...
CI`s COP21 press kit here
... We know that our climate is rapidly changing and that many of these changes, like warmer temperatures and rising seas, are already apparent and having significant impacts on communities worldwide. Scientists at Conservation International have been studying how climate change will affect our lives an ...
... We know that our climate is rapidly changing and that many of these changes, like warmer temperatures and rising seas, are already apparent and having significant impacts on communities worldwide. Scientists at Conservation International have been studying how climate change will affect our lives an ...
EEAEU activities on climate change impacts, vulnerability and
... by further promoting adaptation in key vulnerable sectors such as agriculture, fisheries and cohesion policy, ensuring that Europe's infrastructure is made more resilient, and promoting the use of insurance against natural and manmade disasters. ...
... by further promoting adaptation in key vulnerable sectors such as agriculture, fisheries and cohesion policy, ensuring that Europe's infrastructure is made more resilient, and promoting the use of insurance against natural and manmade disasters. ...
A Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment for the Kickapoo Tribe
... Any local vulnerability assessment necessarily incorporates a lot of uncertainty because climate change projections become less reliable at smaller scales. What we do know, however, is that the climate is changing, mostly due to human activity, and will contin ...
... Any local vulnerability assessment necessarily incorporates a lot of uncertainty because climate change projections become less reliable at smaller scales. What we do know, however, is that the climate is changing, mostly due to human activity, and will contin ...
Feedbacks and climate sensitivity
... - Is the system linear enough that is makes sense to isolate the individual feedbacks? (The Humpty Dumpty test) - Is the reference system and variable of interest clear when comparing different feedbacks? ...
... - Is the system linear enough that is makes sense to isolate the individual feedbacks? (The Humpty Dumpty test) - Is the reference system and variable of interest clear when comparing different feedbacks? ...
Climate Change and its Implications for the Nile Region
... Main Nile is particularly sensitive to the variability of runoff from the Ethiopian part of the basin. Possible climate-change impacts on the much smaller White Nile flows are attenuated by the Sudd and the other large wetland in the White Nile Basin, and will have a less pronounced impact on the wa ...
... Main Nile is particularly sensitive to the variability of runoff from the Ethiopian part of the basin. Possible climate-change impacts on the much smaller White Nile flows are attenuated by the Sudd and the other large wetland in the White Nile Basin, and will have a less pronounced impact on the wa ...
Heat Turn Down the 74455
... Northern Hemisphere land area covered (left panel) by cold (< -0.43σ), very cold (< -2σ), extremely cold (< -3σ) and (right panel) by hot (> 0.43σ), very hot (> 2σ) and extremely hot (> 3σ) summer temperatures Observed wintertime precipitation (blue), which contributes most to the annual budget, an ...
... Northern Hemisphere land area covered (left panel) by cold (< -0.43σ), very cold (< -2σ), extremely cold (< -3σ) and (right panel) by hot (> 0.43σ), very hot (> 2σ) and extremely hot (> 3σ) summer temperatures Observed wintertime precipitation (blue), which contributes most to the annual budget, an ...
Turn Down The heaT: why a 4°C warmer worlD musT Be avoiDeD
... Northern Hemisphere land area covered (left panel) by cold (< -0.43σ), very cold (< -2σ), extremely cold (< -3σ) and (right panel) by hot (> 0.43σ), very hot (> 2σ) and extremely hot (> 3σ) summer temperatures Observed wintertime precipitation (blue), which contributes most to the annual budget, an ...
... Northern Hemisphere land area covered (left panel) by cold (< -0.43σ), very cold (< -2σ), extremely cold (< -3σ) and (right panel) by hot (> 0.43σ), very hot (> 2σ) and extremely hot (> 3σ) summer temperatures Observed wintertime precipitation (blue), which contributes most to the annual budget, an ...
The Climate Change Issue: Beyond the `True` or `Not True`
... the formal enunciation and to the mode of production of that argument. The way in which the solution is the problem – namely how the anthropocentric argument that ground the salvation or romanticization of ‘nature’ is itself the anthropogenic problem of climate change – shows up in Soper’s text in t ...
... the formal enunciation and to the mode of production of that argument. The way in which the solution is the problem – namely how the anthropocentric argument that ground the salvation or romanticization of ‘nature’ is itself the anthropogenic problem of climate change – shows up in Soper’s text in t ...
Product User Guide Version 4 (PUGv4) for the XCO2 - GHG-CCI
... XCH4): SCIAMACHY on ENVISAT and TANSO-FTS on GOSAT. Both instruments measure NIR/SWIR spectra of reflected solar radiation and are sensitive to CO2 and CH4 concentration changes close to the Earth’s surface. Consequently, they carry information on regional surface fluxes. The accuracy requirements f ...
... XCH4): SCIAMACHY on ENVISAT and TANSO-FTS on GOSAT. Both instruments measure NIR/SWIR spectra of reflected solar radiation and are sensitive to CO2 and CH4 concentration changes close to the Earth’s surface. Consequently, they carry information on regional surface fluxes. The accuracy requirements f ...
PDF
... France). The reason for using more than one GCM was to include all possible different climate projections in order to take into account the whole spectrum of uncertainty. These two GCMs were selected because they provided data for the types of crop yield simulation models used. 2) Two different RCPs ...
... France). The reason for using more than one GCM was to include all possible different climate projections in order to take into account the whole spectrum of uncertainty. These two GCMs were selected because they provided data for the types of crop yield simulation models used. 2) Two different RCPs ...
Global Change and Coral Reefs
... in the atmosphere. This chart illustrates the main ways that this affects coral reefs. The best-known effect is global warming, which is the main problem behind the phenomenon of coral bleaching; and also the driver behind sea level rise, which is likely to help some reefs and to harm others. Anothe ...
... in the atmosphere. This chart illustrates the main ways that this affects coral reefs. The best-known effect is global warming, which is the main problem behind the phenomenon of coral bleaching; and also the driver behind sea level rise, which is likely to help some reefs and to harm others. Anothe ...
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... grave impacts on oceans and fish are worsening and our water sources are drying up. In many places Climate Change is a question of life and death, threatening particularly those whose rights are violated and have least access to resources due to gender, race, class or geographic location. The scienc ...
... grave impacts on oceans and fish are worsening and our water sources are drying up. In many places Climate Change is a question of life and death, threatening particularly those whose rights are violated and have least access to resources due to gender, race, class or geographic location. The scienc ...
Effect of Global Warming on Invasion of Alien Plants in Asia
... territory through efficient reproduction and dispersal. The long-haul mechanisms of dispersal including dispersal by wind and vertebrates deserve special attention in predicting large-scale migration of invasive species. For some, these natural agents are likely to be superseded by human activities. ...
... territory through efficient reproduction and dispersal. The long-haul mechanisms of dispersal including dispersal by wind and vertebrates deserve special attention in predicting large-scale migration of invasive species. For some, these natural agents are likely to be superseded by human activities. ...
Turn Down - Climate Analytics
... Northern Hemisphere land area covered (left panel) by cold (< -0.43σ), very cold (< -2σ), extremely cold (< -3σ) and (right panel) by hot (> 0.43σ), very hot (> 2σ) and extremely hot (> 3σ) summer temperatures Observed wintertime precipitation (blue), which contributes most to the annual budget, an ...
... Northern Hemisphere land area covered (left panel) by cold (< -0.43σ), very cold (< -2σ), extremely cold (< -3σ) and (right panel) by hot (> 0.43σ), very hot (> 2σ) and extremely hot (> 3σ) summer temperatures Observed wintertime precipitation (blue), which contributes most to the annual budget, an ...
Lab Handout
... Climatology Network (Menne et al. 2010) and are freely available to the public. The flowering phenology data are from Calinger et al. 2013 which is an Open Access article freely available to the public. INSTRUCTIONS Introduction Climate change as a result of anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissi ...
... Climatology Network (Menne et al. 2010) and are freely available to the public. The flowering phenology data are from Calinger et al. 2013 which is an Open Access article freely available to the public. INSTRUCTIONS Introduction Climate change as a result of anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissi ...
Adaptation to climate change in the developing world
... How will the underlying vulnerability change in the future as climate changes? Or does the vulnerability ‘map’ of today’s world simply project forward in time? Just as there is differential vulnerability to today’s climate, is there differential vulnerability to future climate change? Answering thes ...
... How will the underlying vulnerability change in the future as climate changes? Or does the vulnerability ‘map’ of today’s world simply project forward in time? Just as there is differential vulnerability to today’s climate, is there differential vulnerability to future climate change? Answering thes ...
Climate Disclosure Standards Board guidance on UK mandatory GHG emissions reporting
... 3) Relationship between GHG emissions/climate change and other forms of corporate disclosure Most of the disclosure requirements listed in points 1 – 11 above are shared by the Companies Act amendments and new provisions, by the CDSB Framework and the CDP questionnaire. In some cases, such as ‘gover ...
... 3) Relationship between GHG emissions/climate change and other forms of corporate disclosure Most of the disclosure requirements listed in points 1 – 11 above are shared by the Companies Act amendments and new provisions, by the CDSB Framework and the CDP questionnaire. In some cases, such as ‘gover ...
Recasting Economics As If the Climate and Global Ecology Really
... carbon goods such as metals, gems etc.). People spent the vast majority of their income (or equivalent) on accessing these carbon forms either directly or indirectly. Life was tough for many. However in the last 100 years this outlay has dropped dramatically in the developed world (Wesley 2016), whi ...
... carbon goods such as metals, gems etc.). People spent the vast majority of their income (or equivalent) on accessing these carbon forms either directly or indirectly. Life was tough for many. However in the last 100 years this outlay has dropped dramatically in the developed world (Wesley 2016), whi ...
Global warming
Global warming and climate change are terms for the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects.Multiple lines of scientific evidence show that the climate system is warming. Although the increase of near-surface atmospheric temperature is the measure of global warming often reported in the popular press, most of the additional energy stored in the climate system since 1970 has gone into ocean warming. The remainder has melted ice, and warmed the continents and atmosphere. Many of the observed changes since the 1950s are unprecedented over decades to millennia.Scientific understanding of global warming is increasing. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported in 2014 that scientists were more than 95% certain that most of global warming is caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases and other human (anthropogenic) activities. Climate model projections summarized in the report indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C (0.5 to 3.1 °F) for their lowest emissions scenario using stringent mitigation and 2.6 to 4.8 °C (4.7 to 8.6 °F) for their highest. These findings have been recognized by the national science academies of the major industrialized nations.Future climate change and associated impacts will differ from region to region around the globe. Anticipated effects include warming global temperature, rising sea levels, changing precipitation, and expansion of deserts in the subtropics. Warming is expected to be greatest in the Arctic, with the continuing retreat of glaciers, permafrost and sea ice. Other likely changes include more frequent extreme weather events including heat waves, droughts, heavy rainfall, and heavy snowfall; ocean acidification; and species extinctions due to shifting temperature regimes. Effects significant to humans include the threat to food security from decreasing crop yields and the abandonment of populated areas due to flooding.Possible societal responses to global warming include mitigation by emissions reduction, adaptation to its effects, building systems resilient to its effects, and possible future climate engineering. Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),whose ultimate objective is to prevent dangerous anthropogenic climate change. The UNFCCC have adopted a range of policies designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to assist in adaptation to global warming. Parties to the UNFCCC have agreed that deep cuts in emissions are required, and that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level.