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Oil, Water, and Climate: An Introduction
Oil, Water, and Climate: An Introduction

... This page intentionally left blank ...
Global Warming and Climate Change
Global Warming and Climate Change

... by a series of powerful hurricanes last year. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), a consortium of several thousand independent scientists, predicts that sea levels could rise by between 9 and 88cm in the next century. This would threaten low-lying islands such as Tuvalu in the Paci ...
Letter to Mitch McConnell - Dominican Sisters Conference
Letter to Mitch McConnell - Dominican Sisters Conference

... well as the private sector in the creation of a sustainable energy and lifestyles which in the big picture will only serve to enhance the well-being of this country and lay the foundation for a more peaceful future. We urge you, moreover, to consider the fate of those peoples and countries who have ...
Urban Climate
Urban Climate

... • Thin layer of atmosphere traps some of the Sun’s energy and heat • Problem = Thickening layer (“Greenhouse gases”) • Average global temperatures are rising ...
Human Activity and Climate Change
Human Activity and Climate Change

... 11.2 Human Activity and Climate Change • Climate change is the change in long-term weather patterns in certain regions.  These changes can affect the flow of thermal energy over the entire Earth.  Several ice ages have occurred in the past million years.  Global warming refers to a global increas ...
Royal Society 03_01_2007 - Academy Presidents` Forum
Royal Society 03_01_2007 - Academy Presidents` Forum

...  improve our national security  decrease our trade deficit  decrease local air pollution  increase our national competitiveness  encourage development of new products for global markets  decrease household energy costs while also slowing the increases of CO2 and CH4 ! ...
How Does Climate Change Affect Possible Polar Bear Extinction?
How Does Climate Change Affect Possible Polar Bear Extinction?

... gauges, which are instruments that gather sea level height data. The purple line; starting in the late 1990s, show satellite measurements which don’t measure temperature directly but give an estimate based on radiances in various in different wavelengths. ...
Greenhouse Effect
Greenhouse Effect

... understanding of human induced climate change, its potential impacts and options for mitigation and adaptation ...
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global-climate-change-2

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Climate Change and Development
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IPCC Fifth Assessment Report (AR 5)
IPCC Fifth Assessment Report (AR 5)

... 2.3 Several future greenhouse gas emission scenarios have been studied, spanning the range from rapid mitigation to ‘business as usual’. These scenarios take the form of Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs), and range from a mitigation scenario (RCP2.6), to two stabilization scenarios (RCP4. ...
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New York`s Changing Climate - Cornell Cooperative Extension

... According to the Centers for Disease Control, heat waves are silent killers – extreme heat and humidity associated with heat waves kill more people in the United States on average than hurricanes, lightning, tornadoes, floods, and earthquakes combined. The adverse health impacts of extreme heat fall ...
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... Determining the Past Climate Paleoclimatology - the study of past climates. • Past 100-200 years (weather observations) • Must use indirect climate measures, proxies, to examine further into the past. Some proxies: - Tree rings (1,000+ years before present BP) - Trapped pollen (10,000+ years BP) - ...
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Selido1 part 1 - Ψηφιακή Βιβλιοθήκη Θεόφραστος

... quasi-ensure ecological equilibrium and adaptation of humans and the ecosystems to new equilibrium states. But in the past decades, during the period called “the anthropocene”, man is also contributing to climate change in a number of activities notable of which are man-made global emissions of gree ...
Briefing to MT - CHARLIE-GIBBS MARINE PROTECTED AREA
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Envir100Lect808
Envir100Lect808

... By the end of the century, years of similar stress on agriculture will be the norm throughout the tropics and subtropics due to the climate changes associated with increasing CO2. ...
Warming climate drives human conflict
Warming climate drives human conflict

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Ice-Atmosphere Interaction: Melting of Mountain Glaciers
Ice-Atmosphere Interaction: Melting of Mountain Glaciers

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Science, Politics and Action by Dr Sharachchandra Lele
Science, Politics and Action by Dr Sharachchandra Lele

... permafrost in Tibet>>changes in river flows • More monsoon failures, or extreme events in an already monsoonal climate • Collapse of monsoon system? • Increased ET >>crop stress • Sea level rise and resulting inundation • Complex effects: e.g., disease vectors ...
Warming in the polar region and its implication to Malaysia.
Warming in the polar region and its implication to Malaysia.

... What can be concluded from this proxy study ? 1. The effect of topography is very important. Hence research effort in downscaling 2. The response to the change brought by the ENSO that influence our climate is a) Inter-hemispheric covering the subtropical high of both hemisphere. b) The tropical In ...
Global Warming: The Scientific Basis for Anthropogenic Climate
Global Warming: The Scientific Basis for Anthropogenic Climate

... Recent Climate Change Global average air temperature • 100-year linear trend of temperature increase 0.74 [0.56 to 0.92] oC for 1906-2005. • Average ocean temperature increased to depths of at least 3000 m – ocean has absorbed 80% of heat added > seawater expansion - Sea Level Rise. • Annual averag ...
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Effects of global warming



The effects of global warming are the environmental and social changes caused (directly or indirectly) by human emissions of greenhouse gases. There is a scientific consensus that climate change is occurring, and that human activities are the primary driver. Many impacts of climate change have already been observed, including glacier retreat, changes in the timing of seasonal events (e.g., earlier flowering of plants), and changes in agricultural productivity.Future effects of climate change will vary depending on climate change policies and social development. The two main policies to address climate change are reducing human greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and adapting to the impacts of climate change. Geoengineering is another policy option.Near-term climate change policies could significantly affect long-term climate change impacts. Stringent mitigation policies might be able to limit global warming (in 2100) to around 2 °C or below, relative to pre-industrial levels. Without mitigation, increased energy demand and extensive use of fossil fuels might lead to global warming of around 4 °C. Higher magnitudes of global warming would be more difficult to adapt to, and would increase the risk of negative impacts.
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