ENSEMBLES_DoW_vn.4_RT5_and_RT6_overview
... routine basis over the Global Telecommunication System - has proven to result in a dataset of unsatisfactory quality. Consequently, existing datasets of station observations with satisfactory spatial coverage of Europe consist of monthly (mean) values only. Recent initiatives have led to the first p ...
... routine basis over the Global Telecommunication System - has proven to result in a dataset of unsatisfactory quality. Consequently, existing datasets of station observations with satisfactory spatial coverage of Europe consist of monthly (mean) values only. Recent initiatives have led to the first p ...
Toward Extreme Weather and Climate Resilience in the Region of
... Semi-‐quantitative risk assessments are common practice in many areas of environmental management, and have proven useful for communicating environmental hazards and their impacts and consequences in fields such ...
... Semi-‐quantitative risk assessments are common practice in many areas of environmental management, and have proven useful for communicating environmental hazards and their impacts and consequences in fields such ...
Global marine analysis suggests food chain collapse
... other abiotic factors are considered as well (15). In the ocean, elevated temperature has been predicted to increase primary production in polar regions and decrease production in tropical areas (16). Our metaanalysis reveals no effects of ocean acidification on pelagic production by tropical or tem ...
... other abiotic factors are considered as well (15). In the ocean, elevated temperature has been predicted to increase primary production in polar regions and decrease production in tropical areas (16). Our metaanalysis reveals no effects of ocean acidification on pelagic production by tropical or tem ...
Durham Research Online
... values when assigning probabilities. As he puts it: “Scientists cannot assign probabilities to hypotheses about future climate change—or, more specifically, estimate the uncertainties of climate predictions—in a manner that is free from non-epistemic considerations…” (2010, p.119).2 To begin to see ...
... values when assigning probabilities. As he puts it: “Scientists cannot assign probabilities to hypotheses about future climate change—or, more specifically, estimate the uncertainties of climate predictions—in a manner that is free from non-epistemic considerations…” (2010, p.119).2 To begin to see ...
Global response of the terrestrial biosphere to CO2 and climate
... are calculated using the climate of the Control simulation. The difference between this simulation and the Control one isolates the impact of CO2 increase only on land. [17] The difference in simulated uptakes between the Coupled Scenario run and the Fertilization run are primarily due to climate ch ...
... are calculated using the climate of the Control simulation. The difference between this simulation and the Control one isolates the impact of CO2 increase only on land. [17] The difference in simulated uptakes between the Coupled Scenario run and the Fertilization run are primarily due to climate ch ...
- ePrints Soton
... change drives shifts in species’ geographic distributions [15], such that species tend to track their climatic niche—for instance toward higher elevations and latitudes when adapting to rising temperature [16,17] or downhill to optimise water balance [3]. Species confined to dry or drought-stressed ...
... change drives shifts in species’ geographic distributions [15], such that species tend to track their climatic niche—for instance toward higher elevations and latitudes when adapting to rising temperature [16,17] or downhill to optimise water balance [3]. Species confined to dry or drought-stressed ...
Contropedia: Case Study on Global Warming
... By the end of 2007, the POV template is removed, the link to the IPCC has moved up to the first paragraph of the lede, and the sentence containing the link now reads: “The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) concludes “most of the observed increase in globally averaged temperatures sinc ...
... By the end of 2007, the POV template is removed, the link to the IPCC has moved up to the first paragraph of the lede, and the sentence containing the link now reads: “The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) concludes “most of the observed increase in globally averaged temperatures sinc ...
Demographic Amplification of Climate Change Experienced by the
... Finally, because human population size and distribution have been previously argued to be strongly associated with coastal zones and navigable rivers and only weakly with climate conditions [19] we included distance from waterway (calculated as the shortest distance between the centroid of each coun ...
... Finally, because human population size and distribution have been previously argued to be strongly associated with coastal zones and navigable rivers and only weakly with climate conditions [19] we included distance from waterway (calculated as the shortest distance between the centroid of each coun ...
observed climate changes in georgia georgia temperature history
... variability from year-to-year and decade-to-decade plays a greater role in Georgia’s climate than any long-term trends. Such short-term variability will continue dominating Georgia’s climate into the future. At the century timescale, Georgia’s climate shows no statically significant trend in statewi ...
... variability from year-to-year and decade-to-decade plays a greater role in Georgia’s climate than any long-term trends. Such short-term variability will continue dominating Georgia’s climate into the future. At the century timescale, Georgia’s climate shows no statically significant trend in statewi ...
Climate research Africa - Deutsches Klima Konsortium
... regeneration of soils after clearing of woods, or agro-technical ...
... regeneration of soils after clearing of woods, or agro-technical ...
A plants perspective of extremes: terrestrial plant responses to
... We review observational, experimental, and model results on how plants respond to extreme climatic conditions induced by changing climatic variability. Distinguishing between impacts of changing mean climatic conditions and changing climatic variability on terrestrial ecosystems is generally underra ...
... We review observational, experimental, and model results on how plants respond to extreme climatic conditions induced by changing climatic variability. Distinguishing between impacts of changing mean climatic conditions and changing climatic variability on terrestrial ecosystems is generally underra ...
How will climate change affect mycotoxins in food?
... Existing results demonstrate how predicted global warming can increase the range and severity of plant diseases of worldwide importance within the next 20 years (Coakley, Scherm, & Chakraborty, 1999; Garrett et al., 2006; Huang et al., 2005, 2006; Miraglia et al., 2009). Pre-harvest, the effects of ...
... Existing results demonstrate how predicted global warming can increase the range and severity of plant diseases of worldwide importance within the next 20 years (Coakley, Scherm, & Chakraborty, 1999; Garrett et al., 2006; Huang et al., 2005, 2006; Miraglia et al., 2009). Pre-harvest, the effects of ...
10 IISD (17 March 2016):Arctic Council Addresses
... An irreversible change in the energy pattern in periods of climate change Climate change mitigation necessitates that at most only 20 % of global fossil fuel reserves can be exploited by 2050 in order to keep the average temperature increase below two degrees Celsius. At the same time it is estimate ...
... An irreversible change in the energy pattern in periods of climate change Climate change mitigation necessitates that at most only 20 % of global fossil fuel reserves can be exploited by 2050 in order to keep the average temperature increase below two degrees Celsius. At the same time it is estimate ...
Integrating Climate Change Adaptation into Coastal Zone Management
... The multiplicity of laws and policies impacting on coastal areas creates problems such as overlapping jurisdiction and a lack of proper co-ordination amongst enforcement and management agencies. Public education programs are limited and sporadic and have generally failed to transform attitudes towar ...
... The multiplicity of laws and policies impacting on coastal areas creates problems such as overlapping jurisdiction and a lack of proper co-ordination amongst enforcement and management agencies. Public education programs are limited and sporadic and have generally failed to transform attitudes towar ...
Adaptation Planning and Climate Impact Assessments: Learning From NEPA’s Flaws
... use for agriculture and industry. In other areas, sea level rise and salt water intrusion will have the same effect. Warmer air temperatures may also result in increased demands on community water supplies and the water needs for agriculture, industry, and energy production are likely to increase.20 ...
... use for agriculture and industry. In other areas, sea level rise and salt water intrusion will have the same effect. Warmer air temperatures may also result in increased demands on community water supplies and the water needs for agriculture, industry, and energy production are likely to increase.20 ...
A plant`s perspective of extremes: terrestrial plant responses to
... We review observational, experimental, and model results on how plants respond to extreme climatic conditions induced by changing climatic variability. Distinguishing between impacts of changing mean climatic conditions and changing climatic variability on terrestrial ecosystems is generally underra ...
... We review observational, experimental, and model results on how plants respond to extreme climatic conditions induced by changing climatic variability. Distinguishing between impacts of changing mean climatic conditions and changing climatic variability on terrestrial ecosystems is generally underra ...
Adaptation to Climate Change from a Public Health Perspective
... Climate is one of multiple factors that determine the range of a disease; changes in ecosystem can facilitate the emergence and re-emergence of disease, even under current climatic conditions [NAS 2001]. Climate change can further change or disrupt natural systems, making it possible for diseases to ...
... Climate is one of multiple factors that determine the range of a disease; changes in ecosystem can facilitate the emergence and re-emergence of disease, even under current climatic conditions [NAS 2001]. Climate change can further change or disrupt natural systems, making it possible for diseases to ...
Changes in the distribution of multispecies pest assemblages
... adult). Variability in developmental rates (i.e. stochastic variability between individuals due to genetic differences or phenotypic plasticity) was included by assigning each newly created individual a different value of deviation from mean development time for each life stage, according to a logno ...
... adult). Variability in developmental rates (i.e. stochastic variability between individuals due to genetic differences or phenotypic plasticity) was included by assigning each newly created individual a different value of deviation from mean development time for each life stage, according to a logno ...
Scientific aspects - Wageningen UR E
... using this kind of models is that they much better resolve the dynamics of convective clouds, meso-scale circulations and their interaction with the surface. These processes are not only important at the local scale, but also at the larger scales for example through tropical convection (and the link ...
... using this kind of models is that they much better resolve the dynamics of convective clouds, meso-scale circulations and their interaction with the surface. These processes are not only important at the local scale, but also at the larger scales for example through tropical convection (and the link ...
Streamflow hydrology in the boreal region under the influences of
... duration of a sea ice cover affects oceanic evaporation, hence the moisture and heat fluxes into the Arctic atmosphere. A change in freshwater input to the Arctic Ocean therefore has global climatic implications beyond the drainage basins from which the water is derived. The boreal region is sensiti ...
... duration of a sea ice cover affects oceanic evaporation, hence the moisture and heat fluxes into the Arctic atmosphere. A change in freshwater input to the Arctic Ocean therefore has global climatic implications beyond the drainage basins from which the water is derived. The boreal region is sensiti ...
http://germanwatch.org/en/download/8551.pdf
... The Germanwatch Global Climate Risk Index is an analysis based on one of the most reliable data sets available on the impacts of extreme weather events and associated socioeconomic data. The Germanwatch Climate Risk Index 2014 is the 9th edition of the annual analysis. It represents one important pi ...
... The Germanwatch Global Climate Risk Index is an analysis based on one of the most reliable data sets available on the impacts of extreme weather events and associated socioeconomic data. The Germanwatch Climate Risk Index 2014 is the 9th edition of the annual analysis. It represents one important pi ...
CHAPTER 9 POTENTIAL CONSEQUENCES OF CLIMATE VARIABILITY AND CHANGE FOR THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST
... national average. Growth has been strongly concentrated in the major western metropolitan areas and in the smaller but fast-growing inland cities of Boise and Spokane (Jackson and Kimmerling,1993). Federal lands comprise roughly half the region’s land area.1 The region’s environment presents a great ...
... national average. Growth has been strongly concentrated in the major western metropolitan areas and in the smaller but fast-growing inland cities of Boise and Spokane (Jackson and Kimmerling,1993). Federal lands comprise roughly half the region’s land area.1 The region’s environment presents a great ...
Sub-Theme 2
... agriculture is especially vulnerable to changing weather patterns and the impacts of variable water availability. Some regions will experience excess water resulting in flooding and others will experience severe water scarcity. Annual average river runoff and water availability are projected to incr ...
... agriculture is especially vulnerable to changing weather patterns and the impacts of variable water availability. Some regions will experience excess water resulting in flooding and others will experience severe water scarcity. Annual average river runoff and water availability are projected to incr ...
Climate change impacts in urban coastal
... Historically, approaches to coastal protection in Australia have involved hard engineering, such as construction of seawalls, revetments, groynes and breakwalls to mitigate sea-level rise and storm-surge or constructing dams to mitigate flooding. More recently, use of soft engineering, such as beach ...
... Historically, approaches to coastal protection in Australia have involved hard engineering, such as construction of seawalls, revetments, groynes and breakwalls to mitigate sea-level rise and storm-surge or constructing dams to mitigate flooding. More recently, use of soft engineering, such as beach ...
SEMIQUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF REGIONAL CLIMATE
... The decision to choose the indicators listed in Table II was made from a pragmatic (data availability) as well as from a systematic point of view (importance of sectors). NRW is densely populated and the federal state with the highest economic power in Germany. This is taken into account by the over ...
... The decision to choose the indicators listed in Table II was made from a pragmatic (data availability) as well as from a systematic point of view (importance of sectors). NRW is densely populated and the federal state with the highest economic power in Germany. This is taken into account by the over ...
Effects of global warming
The effects of global warming are the environmental and social changes caused (directly or indirectly) by human emissions of greenhouse gases. There is a scientific consensus that climate change is occurring, and that human activities are the primary driver. Many impacts of climate change have already been observed, including glacier retreat, changes in the timing of seasonal events (e.g., earlier flowering of plants), and changes in agricultural productivity.Future effects of climate change will vary depending on climate change policies and social development. The two main policies to address climate change are reducing human greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and adapting to the impacts of climate change. Geoengineering is another policy option.Near-term climate change policies could significantly affect long-term climate change impacts. Stringent mitigation policies might be able to limit global warming (in 2100) to around 2 °C or below, relative to pre-industrial levels. Without mitigation, increased energy demand and extensive use of fossil fuels might lead to global warming of around 4 °C. Higher magnitudes of global warming would be more difficult to adapt to, and would increase the risk of negative impacts.