Paleoclimate Implications for Human-Made
... Global temperature change during the first half of the Cenozoic is consistent with expectations based on knowledge of plate tectonics (continental drift). Subduction of ocean crust beneath an overriding tectonic plate causes crustal melt and metamorphism of the subducting plate and sediments, with ...
... Global temperature change during the first half of the Cenozoic is consistent with expectations based on knowledge of plate tectonics (continental drift). Subduction of ocean crust beneath an overriding tectonic plate causes crustal melt and metamorphism of the subducting plate and sediments, with ...
Chapter 17.
... carnivores at the southern limits of their distribution, they are the “canaries in the coal mine” for regional climate change (Stirling and Derocher 1993). They require ice as a platform from which to hunt seals, as habitat on which to seek mates and breed, as a surface on which to travel long dista ...
... carnivores at the southern limits of their distribution, they are the “canaries in the coal mine” for regional climate change (Stirling and Derocher 1993). They require ice as a platform from which to hunt seals, as habitat on which to seek mates and breed, as a surface on which to travel long dista ...
DDW11 Warming - Open Evidence Archive
... was near-unanimous that CO2 couldn't stay in the atmosphere for more than about five to 10 years because of the oceans' near-limitless ability to absorb CO2. "This time period has been established by measurements based on natural carbon-14 and also from readings of carbon-14 from nuclear weapons tes ...
... was near-unanimous that CO2 couldn't stay in the atmosphere for more than about five to 10 years because of the oceans' near-limitless ability to absorb CO2. "This time period has been established by measurements based on natural carbon-14 and also from readings of carbon-14 from nuclear weapons tes ...
Global Climate Change and Wetlands: Issues and Awareness by
... Consequently, where wetland ecosystems have been weakened, global climate change, particularly the increase in incidence and intensity of rain, wind, and storms can wreak havoc on already degraded ecosystems such as some riverine and coastal systems . Examples of this have already been demonstrated ...
... Consequently, where wetland ecosystems have been weakened, global climate change, particularly the increase in incidence and intensity of rain, wind, and storms can wreak havoc on already degraded ecosystems such as some riverine and coastal systems . Examples of this have already been demonstrated ...
STATEMENT OF GUIDANCE FOR CLIMATE (other aspects
... Precipitation in the form of rainfall and snow is also associated with changes in mortality. In most of the city, upward trends in mortality were noted the day after snowfalls that had accumulated 2 inches or more. Weather and climate extreme events such as flood, drought, heat and cold wave, tornad ...
... Precipitation in the form of rainfall and snow is also associated with changes in mortality. In most of the city, upward trends in mortality were noted the day after snowfalls that had accumulated 2 inches or more. Weather and climate extreme events such as flood, drought, heat and cold wave, tornad ...
Detection and Attribution of External Influences on the Climate System
... uncertainty, investigation is now proceeding with several other climate variables. Some recent studies have also begun to assess whether the climate response to external forcing is detectable on regional scales. In addition, some investigators are now evaluating the prospects of detecting externally ...
... uncertainty, investigation is now proceeding with several other climate variables. Some recent studies have also begun to assess whether the climate response to external forcing is detectable on regional scales. In addition, some investigators are now evaluating the prospects of detecting externally ...
Resolving the effect of climate change on fish - Climate
... et al., 2002). Precipitation and river run-off are expected to increase in northern Europe and decrease in southern Europe (Frei et al., 2006). In addition, the seasonality of run-off will change, increasing in winter, but decreasing in spring in northwestern Europe. In warmer regions, such as the M ...
... et al., 2002). Precipitation and river run-off are expected to increase in northern Europe and decrease in southern Europe (Frei et al., 2006). In addition, the seasonality of run-off will change, increasing in winter, but decreasing in spring in northwestern Europe. In warmer regions, such as the M ...
TITLE HEADER
... • LDCs have the largest existing burdens of climate-sensitive diseases and the least effective public health systems. They suffer 34% of the global human deaths linked to climate change, the largest causes being the spread of malaria and water borne diseases, and this number is expected to rise to 4 ...
... • LDCs have the largest existing burdens of climate-sensitive diseases and the least effective public health systems. They suffer 34% of the global human deaths linked to climate change, the largest causes being the spread of malaria and water borne diseases, and this number is expected to rise to 4 ...
Transcript from COP-22 Ocean Panel moderated by Fred Krueger
... Now given the importance of oceans to the climate system, and for taxonomic, for biodiversity, for producing oxygen, for holding heat, it was not even 10 years ago that the standard model for measuring climate change failed to include the oceans. To me that’s amazing. While I may say that the ocean ...
... Now given the importance of oceans to the climate system, and for taxonomic, for biodiversity, for producing oxygen, for holding heat, it was not even 10 years ago that the standard model for measuring climate change failed to include the oceans. To me that’s amazing. While I may say that the ocean ...
Perception and adaptation to climate change by farmers in the Nile
... services such as extension, credit, marketing, infrastructure as well as climatic factors such as drought and flood (Devereux 2000; Alene 2003; Belay 2003; Yirga 2007). These factors reduce the adaptive capacity or increase the vulnerability of farmers to future changes, including climate change, whi ...
... services such as extension, credit, marketing, infrastructure as well as climatic factors such as drought and flood (Devereux 2000; Alene 2003; Belay 2003; Yirga 2007). These factors reduce the adaptive capacity or increase the vulnerability of farmers to future changes, including climate change, whi ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES THE ECONOMICS OF CATASTROPHIC CLIMATE CHANGE
... Box 10.2. Such numbers are exceedingly crude ballpark estimates of what amounts to huge climate impacts with tiny probabilities, but the subject matter of this paper concerns just such kind of situations and my example here does not depend on precise numbers. Global average warming of 8 C masks trem ...
... Box 10.2. Such numbers are exceedingly crude ballpark estimates of what amounts to huge climate impacts with tiny probabilities, but the subject matter of this paper concerns just such kind of situations and my example here does not depend on precise numbers. Global average warming of 8 C masks trem ...
Adaptation policy and practice in densely populated glacier
... Lodhi Road, New Delhi 110 003, India e-mail: [email protected] ...
... Lodhi Road, New Delhi 110 003, India e-mail: [email protected] ...
Combined speeds of climate and land
... (Fig. 2). Interestingly, the directional effects of high cropland demand on land-use speed varied by region, with land-use speeds increasing in New England (with more forest to cropland conversion) and decreasing in the upper midwest (slower rates of urbanization). At a continental scale, speeds wer ...
... (Fig. 2). Interestingly, the directional effects of high cropland demand on land-use speed varied by region, with land-use speeds increasing in New England (with more forest to cropland conversion) and decreasing in the upper midwest (slower rates of urbanization). At a continental scale, speeds wer ...
Use of spatial analogy in analysis and valuation of climate scenarios
... With the Climex method we can only use the temperature and the precipitation in same weight. To calculate the similarity for only for the temperature or for the precipitation we should have alter the calculation of CMI. We started to use a new λ parameter tp weightening the temperature and the preci ...
... With the Climex method we can only use the temperature and the precipitation in same weight. To calculate the similarity for only for the temperature or for the precipitation we should have alter the calculation of CMI. We started to use a new λ parameter tp weightening the temperature and the preci ...
S e c u r i t y A n...
... business processes and innovative technologies that result in improved U.S. combat power through energy efficiency. Numerous Department of Defense studies have found that combat forces would be more capable and less vulnerable by significantly reducing their fuel demand. Unfortunately, many of their re ...
... business processes and innovative technologies that result in improved U.S. combat power through energy efficiency. Numerous Department of Defense studies have found that combat forces would be more capable and less vulnerable by significantly reducing their fuel demand. Unfortunately, many of their re ...
The influence of climate change on flood risks in France
... Finally, economic data are unavailable or imperfect, making the link between river flows and flood economic losses highly uncertain. Past flood losses are influenced by natural variability and socio-economic trends, making it difficult to calibrate models. And economic valuation is made even more di ...
... Finally, economic data are unavailable or imperfect, making the link between river flows and flood economic losses highly uncertain. Past flood losses are influenced by natural variability and socio-economic trends, making it difficult to calibrate models. And economic valuation is made even more di ...
Ocean Acidification: modelled impacts from lower and higher trophic
... Responsible management of marine resources has to take into account the different pressures operating on the marine system, like fishing pressures, changing climatic conditions and eutrophication issues. Ocean acidification, the increased uptake of CO2 by the marine environment due to elevated level ...
... Responsible management of marine resources has to take into account the different pressures operating on the marine system, like fishing pressures, changing climatic conditions and eutrophication issues. Ocean acidification, the increased uptake of CO2 by the marine environment due to elevated level ...
Challenges of Growth 2013
... In recent years the aviation sector has initiated a comprehensive range of measures to mitigate its greenhouse gas emissions. However, as yet, relatively little has been done to address the potential adaptation needs of the industry. Yet, aviation is highly weatherdependant. Almost 6% of total prima ...
... In recent years the aviation sector has initiated a comprehensive range of measures to mitigate its greenhouse gas emissions. However, as yet, relatively little has been done to address the potential adaptation needs of the industry. Yet, aviation is highly weatherdependant. Almost 6% of total prima ...
Introduction: Humidity and Climate Change
... diagram). The Clausius-Clapeyron relation yields exponential increases in the atmosphere’s water holding capacity with increasing T at approximately 7 % K-1 (Manabe & Wetherald, 1967; Allen & Ingram, 2002; Trenberth et al., 2005) (Fig. 1.1). For rising T and in the presence of unlimited water suppli ...
... diagram). The Clausius-Clapeyron relation yields exponential increases in the atmosphere’s water holding capacity with increasing T at approximately 7 % K-1 (Manabe & Wetherald, 1967; Allen & Ingram, 2002; Trenberth et al., 2005) (Fig. 1.1). For rising T and in the presence of unlimited water suppli ...
Global Climate Risk Index 2015
... sets available on the impacts of extreme weather events and associated socio-economic data. The Germanwatch Climate Risk Index 2015 is the 10th edition of the annual analysis. Its aim is to contextualize ongoing climate policy debates – especially the international climate talk – with realworld impa ...
... sets available on the impacts of extreme weather events and associated socio-economic data. The Germanwatch Climate Risk Index 2015 is the 10th edition of the annual analysis. Its aim is to contextualize ongoing climate policy debates – especially the international climate talk – with realworld impa ...
ENSEMBLES_DoW_vn.4_RT5_and_RT6_overview
... routine basis over the Global Telecommunication System - has proven to result in a dataset of unsatisfactory quality. Consequently, existing datasets of station observations with satisfactory spatial coverage of Europe consist of monthly (mean) values only. Recent initiatives have led to the first p ...
... routine basis over the Global Telecommunication System - has proven to result in a dataset of unsatisfactory quality. Consequently, existing datasets of station observations with satisfactory spatial coverage of Europe consist of monthly (mean) values only. Recent initiatives have led to the first p ...
CB-48 - Climate Science: Roger Pielke Sr.
... Circulating fluids, such as the atmosphere and oceans, communicate information over large parts their volume and these teleconnections can be defined to occur in two ways. First, the atmosphere and oceans organize themselves into coherent circulations on a variety of time and spatial scales. These i ...
... Circulating fluids, such as the atmosphere and oceans, communicate information over large parts their volume and these teleconnections can be defined to occur in two ways. First, the atmosphere and oceans organize themselves into coherent circulations on a variety of time and spatial scales. These i ...
Toward Extreme Weather and Climate Resilience in the Region of
... Semi-‐quantitative risk assessments are common practice in many areas of environmental management, and have proven useful for communicating environmental hazards and their impacts and consequences in fields such ...
... Semi-‐quantitative risk assessments are common practice in many areas of environmental management, and have proven useful for communicating environmental hazards and their impacts and consequences in fields such ...
Effects of global warming
The effects of global warming are the environmental and social changes caused (directly or indirectly) by human emissions of greenhouse gases. There is a scientific consensus that climate change is occurring, and that human activities are the primary driver. Many impacts of climate change have already been observed, including glacier retreat, changes in the timing of seasonal events (e.g., earlier flowering of plants), and changes in agricultural productivity.Future effects of climate change will vary depending on climate change policies and social development. The two main policies to address climate change are reducing human greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and adapting to the impacts of climate change. Geoengineering is another policy option.Near-term climate change policies could significantly affect long-term climate change impacts. Stringent mitigation policies might be able to limit global warming (in 2100) to around 2 °C or below, relative to pre-industrial levels. Without mitigation, increased energy demand and extensive use of fossil fuels might lead to global warming of around 4 °C. Higher magnitudes of global warming would be more difficult to adapt to, and would increase the risk of negative impacts.