Identifying Uncertainties in Arctic Climate Predictions
... 1). The climate is often defined by the temperature and salinity profiles in the ocean and the temperature and humidity profiles in the atmosphere. The structures of both profiles are highly seasonal, and changes in the annual mean properties likely stem from a change in seasonality arising from a c ...
... 1). The climate is often defined by the temperature and salinity profiles in the ocean and the temperature and humidity profiles in the atmosphere. The structures of both profiles are highly seasonal, and changes in the annual mean properties likely stem from a change in seasonality arising from a c ...
Climate Change and Heat Deaths: Newest Estimates
... and Italy during the unprecedented European were DT (Kalkstein et al. 2008a). As a result, for this study, days in either the DT or MT1 categories with a mean daily standardized mortality difference greater than 0 are categorized as EHE days. Once each day during the summer period is assigned to an ...
... and Italy during the unprecedented European were DT (Kalkstein et al. 2008a). As a result, for this study, days in either the DT or MT1 categories with a mean daily standardized mortality difference greater than 0 are categorized as EHE days. Once each day during the summer period is assigned to an ...
Here - MtnClim 2016
... As the impacts of climate change continue to mount, it is important for scientists and policymakers to understand how climate influences the links between ecosystems and their social and management context. In this study, we examined how changes in climate influence the temporal match between human ...
... As the impacts of climate change continue to mount, it is important for scientists and policymakers to understand how climate influences the links between ecosystems and their social and management context. In this study, we examined how changes in climate influence the temporal match between human ...
Joint Comments to Army Corps of Engineers
... adequately address uncertainty, especially over long time horizons; and to rely on the best available economic data and literature. • Fifth, while Circular A-‐4 requires thorough treatment of uncertainty, includ ...
... adequately address uncertainty, especially over long time horizons; and to rely on the best available economic data and literature. • Fifth, while Circular A-‐4 requires thorough treatment of uncertainty, includ ...
Climate-induced migration and displacement: closing the policy gap
... disaster as the primary trigger. We know that major floods in 2010 in Pakistan, for instance, displaced nine million people but most of these returned home within a year (Brickle and Thomas, 2014). The scale of disaster-induced displacement is significant: between 2008 and 2015, an average of 25.4 m ...
... disaster as the primary trigger. We know that major floods in 2010 in Pakistan, for instance, displaced nine million people but most of these returned home within a year (Brickle and Thomas, 2014). The scale of disaster-induced displacement is significant: between 2008 and 2015, an average of 25.4 m ...
On Welfare Frameworks and Catastrophic Climate Risks
... prescriptions offered by Stern, and those of his most prominent North American counterpart [51]. In the thick of this debate, Weitzman introduced his ‘dismal theorem’ in an influential and much debated paper [68]. In informal terms, the dismal theorem states that the evaluation of climate change poli ...
... prescriptions offered by Stern, and those of his most prominent North American counterpart [51]. In the thick of this debate, Weitzman introduced his ‘dismal theorem’ in an influential and much debated paper [68]. In informal terms, the dismal theorem states that the evaluation of climate change poli ...
Transitioning to a Low-Carbon Economy
... The science of climate change is clear. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the world’s foremost authority on climate change, has projected that an increase in global temperatures of more than 2 degrees Celsius will result in irreversible and catastrophic impacts. The current level of gre ...
... The science of climate change is clear. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the world’s foremost authority on climate change, has projected that an increase in global temperatures of more than 2 degrees Celsius will result in irreversible and catastrophic impacts. The current level of gre ...
Climate Extremes: Challenges in Estimating
... The indices that are discussed in this section are generally derived from daily observations of individual meteorological variables, such as temperature or precipitation. Indices calculated from daily data have appeal for a number of reasons, including the fact that they are relatively easy to calcu ...
... The indices that are discussed in this section are generally derived from daily observations of individual meteorological variables, such as temperature or precipitation. Indices calculated from daily data have appeal for a number of reasons, including the fact that they are relatively easy to calcu ...
What controls polar stratospheric temperature trends?
... Antarctic summer trends in the lower stratosphere are driven changes in radiative cooling associated with ozone depletion and dynamical warming Lowermost stratospheric and upper tropospheric trends are driven by ...
... Antarctic summer trends in the lower stratosphere are driven changes in radiative cooling associated with ozone depletion and dynamical warming Lowermost stratospheric and upper tropospheric trends are driven by ...
The American Environmental Values Survey: American Views on the
... McCright and Dunlap. The Sociological Quarterly, 52(2), 211-219. Johns, D. (2007). Like it or not, politics is the solution. Conservation Biology, 21(2), 287-288. Joireman, J., Truelove, H., & Duell, B. (2010). Effect of outdoor temperature, heat primes and anchoring on belief in global warming. Jou ...
... McCright and Dunlap. The Sociological Quarterly, 52(2), 211-219. Johns, D. (2007). Like it or not, politics is the solution. Conservation Biology, 21(2), 287-288. Joireman, J., Truelove, H., & Duell, B. (2010). Effect of outdoor temperature, heat primes and anchoring on belief in global warming. Jou ...
climate changes and adaptation policies in the baltic and the adriatic
... Italy, as one of its 6 coastal countries,3 is the dominating player in terms of population size and the GDP. The differential in terms of the annual GDP/capita is large, varying from 4000 USD for Albania to 35.000 USD for Italy. The main motivation of the present paper is to give an insight in the d ...
... Italy, as one of its 6 coastal countries,3 is the dominating player in terms of population size and the GDP. The differential in terms of the annual GDP/capita is large, varying from 4000 USD for Albania to 35.000 USD for Italy. The main motivation of the present paper is to give an insight in the d ...
First Nations` Governance and Climate Change
... cases, in Canada have not yet attained. In order to engage in effective environmentrelated governance First Nations must have at least three components in place: the legal authority to enable them to enact environmental laws, policies and other measures; a short, medium, and long-term vision of thei ...
... cases, in Canada have not yet attained. In order to engage in effective environmentrelated governance First Nations must have at least three components in place: the legal authority to enable them to enact environmental laws, policies and other measures; a short, medium, and long-term vision of thei ...
Mesozoic Climates. - Return to Home Page
... soils, sediments and rocks (geosphere). Only by consideration of the climate system in these terms is it possible to understand the flows and cycles of energy and matter in the atmosphere, an understanding which is required to investigate the causes (and effects) of climatic change. Having stressed ...
... soils, sediments and rocks (geosphere). Only by consideration of the climate system in these terms is it possible to understand the flows and cycles of energy and matter in the atmosphere, an understanding which is required to investigate the causes (and effects) of climatic change. Having stressed ...
Transient Earth system responses to cumulative
... (ESMs) versus some recent studies that invoke observational constraints (Otto et al., 2013) and simplified models (Schwartz, 2012; Collins et al., 2013). These latter studies suggest the possibility of a TCR below 1 ◦ C, i.e., outside the very likely range given in the Fourth Assessment Report of th ...
... (ESMs) versus some recent studies that invoke observational constraints (Otto et al., 2013) and simplified models (Schwartz, 2012; Collins et al., 2013). These latter studies suggest the possibility of a TCR below 1 ◦ C, i.e., outside the very likely range given in the Fourth Assessment Report of th ...
Modeled current and future soil thermal regime for northeast Canada
... Given these projections, an evaluation of changes in the soil thermal regime becomes desirable for a number of reasons including assessments of possible ecosystem responses and impacts on man-made infrastructures. Such an evaluation of changes in the soil thermal regime for northeastern Canada is pr ...
... Given these projections, an evaluation of changes in the soil thermal regime becomes desirable for a number of reasons including assessments of possible ecosystem responses and impacts on man-made infrastructures. Such an evaluation of changes in the soil thermal regime for northeastern Canada is pr ...
PDF
... Ramsey optimal growth economic engine, with a breakdown of the energy sector into different uses and technologies. The economic system is fully integrated with a simple climate module that translates carbon emissions produced from the use of fossil fuels to radiative forcing and temperature increase ...
... Ramsey optimal growth economic engine, with a breakdown of the energy sector into different uses and technologies. The economic system is fully integrated with a simple climate module that translates carbon emissions produced from the use of fossil fuels to radiative forcing and temperature increase ...
Climate change and agriculture: Agricultural trade, markets and
... Agriculture has received considerable attention recently with regard to climate change because of the high dependence of agriculture on the climate. Dependence on agriculture, especially in developing countries, also means that agriculture has an important role to play in debates about adaptation to ...
... Agriculture has received considerable attention recently with regard to climate change because of the high dependence of agriculture on the climate. Dependence on agriculture, especially in developing countries, also means that agriculture has an important role to play in debates about adaptation to ...
Ecological consequences of global climate change for freshwater
... Freshwater ecosystems are considered to be among the ecosystems most vulnerable to global climate change.1 Observational records and climate projections provide abundant evidence that freshwater resources have the potential to be strongly impacted by climate change, with wide-ranging consequences fo ...
... Freshwater ecosystems are considered to be among the ecosystems most vulnerable to global climate change.1 Observational records and climate projections provide abundant evidence that freshwater resources have the potential to be strongly impacted by climate change, with wide-ranging consequences fo ...
How does climate mitigation policy affect adaptation? An empirical
... and subsequently replanted in repeated 10-year intervals. For example, we simulate harvest and replanting in the 2020’s as a function of climate and other economic factors for that period, then similarly for the 2030’s, 2040’s, etc. As climate conditions change, the model reflects changes in climate ...
... and subsequently replanted in repeated 10-year intervals. For example, we simulate harvest and replanting in the 2020’s as a function of climate and other economic factors for that period, then similarly for the 2030’s, 2040’s, etc. As climate conditions change, the model reflects changes in climate ...
Background papers
... until the next election. The result is that if someone is co-opted, their period of co-option (which will, of course, be less than two years, as elections are held every two years) will count as a “term of office” and therefore, even if they are subsequently elected for a four year term their total ...
... until the next election. The result is that if someone is co-opted, their period of co-option (which will, of course, be less than two years, as elections are held every two years) will count as a “term of office” and therefore, even if they are subsequently elected for a four year term their total ...
Proposal for funding for the Preparation of
... development issues that the Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC) is seriously addressing. The RGC is very much aware and concerned about environmental degradation and global warming and their detrimental effects, particularly to an LDC like Cambodia. How climate change will impact on agriculture is a ...
... development issues that the Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC) is seriously addressing. The RGC is very much aware and concerned about environmental degradation and global warming and their detrimental effects, particularly to an LDC like Cambodia. How climate change will impact on agriculture is a ...
The millennial atmospheric lifetime of anthropogenic CO2
... average temperature, from the geologic past following Alley et al. (2005) and forecast for the future. Looking into the past, during glacial time 18,000 years ago, sea level was 120 m lower than today, and the Earth was 5–6°C colder. Further back in time, during the last interglacial (Eemian) time, ...
... average temperature, from the geologic past following Alley et al. (2005) and forecast for the future. Looking into the past, during glacial time 18,000 years ago, sea level was 120 m lower than today, and the Earth was 5–6°C colder. Further back in time, during the last interglacial (Eemian) time, ...
Climate Change and Internal Displacement
... Climate change is defined by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change as “any change in the climate over time, whether due to natural variability or […] human activity.”6 However, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change focuses specifically on climate change that is “attribute ...
... Climate change is defined by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change as “any change in the climate over time, whether due to natural variability or […] human activity.”6 However, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change focuses specifically on climate change that is “attribute ...
(AGE). OPIM 319, Spring 2010 - Operations, Information and
... change is the issue of controlling the release of “greenhouse gases” (GHGs) into the earth’s atmosphere. Principal among the anthropogenic (human-caused) sources are CO2 (carbon dioxide), which is principally sourced by burning fossil fuels, N2 O (nitrous oxide), and CH4 (methane), which comes from ...
... change is the issue of controlling the release of “greenhouse gases” (GHGs) into the earth’s atmosphere. Principal among the anthropogenic (human-caused) sources are CO2 (carbon dioxide), which is principally sourced by burning fossil fuels, N2 O (nitrous oxide), and CH4 (methane), which comes from ...
Global warming as an asymmetric public bad
... optimal. Wirl (2007) placed further restrictions on the result by requiring the elasticity of marginal utility to be increasing. All the above-mentioned analyses assume identical players. To our knowledge, only Martin et al. (1993) have considered asymmetric players in the sense that some are harmed ...
... optimal. Wirl (2007) placed further restrictions on the result by requiring the elasticity of marginal utility to be increasing. All the above-mentioned analyses assume identical players. To our knowledge, only Martin et al. (1993) have considered asymmetric players in the sense that some are harmed ...