Holocene vegetation change and the mammal faunas of South
... open formations. This is not only intuitive, but also supported by several lines of research (Clutton-Brock & Harvey, 1983; Peters, 1983; Owen-Smith, 1988; Kappelman et al., 1997). The terrestrial medium to large herbivores of the African rain forest are either small-sized lineages (e.g. Cephalophin ...
... open formations. This is not only intuitive, but also supported by several lines of research (Clutton-Brock & Harvey, 1983; Peters, 1983; Owen-Smith, 1988; Kappelman et al., 1997). The terrestrial medium to large herbivores of the African rain forest are either small-sized lineages (e.g. Cephalophin ...
petition to list two arizona plants from the sky islands as threatened
... The two plant species presented in this petition-- Bartram stonecrop (Graptopetalum bartramii) and Beardless chinch weed (Pectis imberbis) are in danger of becoming extinct and need Endangered Species Act protection to ensure their continued survival. Bartram stonecrop is a rare succulent known only ...
... The two plant species presented in this petition-- Bartram stonecrop (Graptopetalum bartramii) and Beardless chinch weed (Pectis imberbis) are in danger of becoming extinct and need Endangered Species Act protection to ensure their continued survival. Bartram stonecrop is a rare succulent known only ...
Phenological diversity in tropical forests
... 1981; Borchert 1983; Reich and Borchert 1984) demonstrating existence of annual patterns of plant reproduction even in the tropics. Most neotropical forest communities studied show flowering and fruiting peaks near the end of the dry season (Janzen 1967; Croat 1975; Foster 1982; Frankie et al. 1974; ...
... 1981; Borchert 1983; Reich and Borchert 1984) demonstrating existence of annual patterns of plant reproduction even in the tropics. Most neotropical forest communities studied show flowering and fruiting peaks near the end of the dry season (Janzen 1967; Croat 1975; Foster 1982; Frankie et al. 1974; ...
Northern Rockies Ecosystem Types and Descriptions
... gradients, wide ranging climate conditions, and a diversity of ecosystem types. Below are the common broad ecosystem types that occur within the NRFSN. Ecosystems are presented in approximate elevational order from the highest elevation and coldest alpine regions to the lowest elevation and warmest ...
... gradients, wide ranging climate conditions, and a diversity of ecosystem types. Below are the common broad ecosystem types that occur within the NRFSN. Ecosystems are presented in approximate elevational order from the highest elevation and coldest alpine regions to the lowest elevation and warmest ...
natural habitats
... maintenance of biodiversity. Undisturbed areas can also act as historical baselines for ecological restoration, and can be important for scientific study. However, regenerating habitats such as old field that support many native species of plants and animals, can also be considered as natural -- esp ...
... maintenance of biodiversity. Undisturbed areas can also act as historical baselines for ecological restoration, and can be important for scientific study. However, regenerating habitats such as old field that support many native species of plants and animals, can also be considered as natural -- esp ...
CAPE MAY WARBLER Dendroica tigrina
... British Columbia is the harvesting of mature to oldgrowth white spruce dominated stands within its restricted range in the Boreal Plains and Taiga Plains ecoprovinces. Loss or deterioration of forest habitat has been widely blamed for declines in breeding populations of many forest warbler species ( ...
... British Columbia is the harvesting of mature to oldgrowth white spruce dominated stands within its restricted range in the Boreal Plains and Taiga Plains ecoprovinces. Loss or deterioration of forest habitat has been widely blamed for declines in breeding populations of many forest warbler species ( ...
Not seeing the ocean for the islands
... The pervasive influence of island biogeography theory on forest fragmentation research has often led to a misleading conceptualization of landscapes as areas of forest/habitat and ‘non-forest/non-habitat’ and an overriding focus on processes within forest remnants at the expense of research in the h ...
... The pervasive influence of island biogeography theory on forest fragmentation research has often led to a misleading conceptualization of landscapes as areas of forest/habitat and ‘non-forest/non-habitat’ and an overriding focus on processes within forest remnants at the expense of research in the h ...
pdf
... and extreme events are expected to be much more critical to tree growth (Loustau et al. 2005). An increase in temperature alone would be beneficial for some populations, but an interaction with other climate- or site-related factors could alter the response (Keeling et al. 1996). Higher temperatures ...
... and extreme events are expected to be much more critical to tree growth (Loustau et al. 2005). An increase in temperature alone would be beneficial for some populations, but an interaction with other climate- or site-related factors could alter the response (Keeling et al. 1996). Higher temperatures ...
YCSEE-RESEARCH-POSTER
... Fire & forester professionals can help you decide which trees to keep to reach this goal (indicated by orange in picture). Trees can be cut using mechanical and/or hand methods. Cut trees can then be used for consumer products. Smaller woody debris will be removed or burned on site. ...
... Fire & forester professionals can help you decide which trees to keep to reach this goal (indicated by orange in picture). Trees can be cut using mechanical and/or hand methods. Cut trees can then be used for consumer products. Smaller woody debris will be removed or burned on site. ...
Mechanisms of plant survival and mortality during drought: why do
... hydraulic-failure hypothesis predicts that reduced soil water supply coupled with high evaporative demand causes xylem conduits and the rhizosphere to cavitate (become air-filled), stopping the flow of water and desiccating plant tissues. The hydraulic-failure hypothesis is based on the tenet that c ...
... hydraulic-failure hypothesis predicts that reduced soil water supply coupled with high evaporative demand causes xylem conduits and the rhizosphere to cavitate (become air-filled), stopping the flow of water and desiccating plant tissues. The hydraulic-failure hypothesis is based on the tenet that c ...
A financial director`s guide to the carbon reduction
... will receive a penalty. In year one the maximum bonus or penalty rate is 10%. This will rise to +/- 50% by year five. This recycle mechanism means that organisations that perform well will be able to make money from the CRC while poor performers will be penalised. The cost of the CRC and value at st ...
... will receive a penalty. In year one the maximum bonus or penalty rate is 10%. This will rise to +/- 50% by year five. This recycle mechanism means that organisations that perform well will be able to make money from the CRC while poor performers will be penalised. The cost of the CRC and value at st ...
Tanager - Cornell Lab of Ornithology
... This is the first in a forthcoming series of habitat management guidelines produced by the Cornell Lab of Ornithology as a tool to help those interested in managing and protecting habitat for birds. These guidelines offer a set of “management prescriptions”—descriptions of the kinds and amounts of h ...
... This is the first in a forthcoming series of habitat management guidelines produced by the Cornell Lab of Ornithology as a tool to help those interested in managing and protecting habitat for birds. These guidelines offer a set of “management prescriptions”—descriptions of the kinds and amounts of h ...
PowerPoint presentation (PPT file)
... Tier 1: A simple first order approach that uses spatially coarse default data based on globally available data characterized by large uncertainties and sometimes with methods involving several simplifying assumptions; Tier 2: A more accurate approach substituting country or region specific ...
... Tier 1: A simple first order approach that uses spatially coarse default data based on globally available data characterized by large uncertainties and sometimes with methods involving several simplifying assumptions; Tier 2: A more accurate approach substituting country or region specific ...
Underground Mycology: The Relation Between Fungi, Soil and Tree
... Fungi do not exist in isolation but rather continually encounter other organisms that impact upon their growth and activity. These organisms include other fungi (Woodward & Boddy 2008), invertebrates (Boddy & Jones 2008) and bacteria (de Boer 2008), though the latter have been little studied. When b ...
... Fungi do not exist in isolation but rather continually encounter other organisms that impact upon their growth and activity. These organisms include other fungi (Woodward & Boddy 2008), invertebrates (Boddy & Jones 2008) and bacteria (de Boer 2008), though the latter have been little studied. When b ...
Life–history and ecological distribution of chameleons
... 1999). In a recent study (AKANI & LUISELLI, 2001) it was found that over 80% of adult local people interviewed about these species reported never to have seen a chameleon. Information about chameleons in other parts of Nigeria is also very scarce (but see PASQUAL, 1937; DUNGER, 1967a; BUTLER, 1986; ...
... 1999). In a recent study (AKANI & LUISELLI, 2001) it was found that over 80% of adult local people interviewed about these species reported never to have seen a chameleon. Information about chameleons in other parts of Nigeria is also very scarce (but see PASQUAL, 1937; DUNGER, 1967a; BUTLER, 1986; ...
Acadian Flycatcher (Empidonax virescens)
... connectivity) and two parameters related to productivity (percent forest in the landscape and edge occurrence). The first suitability function combined landform, landcover type, and age class into a single matrix (SI1) that defined unique combinations of these classes. We then directly assigned rela ...
... connectivity) and two parameters related to productivity (percent forest in the landscape and edge occurrence). The first suitability function combined landform, landcover type, and age class into a single matrix (SI1) that defined unique combinations of these classes. We then directly assigned rela ...
Speciesspecific responses of foliar nutrients to longterm nitrogen
... that N storage increases the risk of herbivory (Fine, Mesones & Coley 2004), although P and potassium (K) addition, but not N, increased leaf herbivory in the Gigante Fertilization Experiment (Santiago et al. 2012). In addition, a foliar N/P response to altered N and P availability is not necessaril ...
... that N storage increases the risk of herbivory (Fine, Mesones & Coley 2004), although P and potassium (K) addition, but not N, increased leaf herbivory in the Gigante Fertilization Experiment (Santiago et al. 2012). In addition, a foliar N/P response to altered N and P availability is not necessaril ...
Taiga forest biome - Pearson Schools and FE Colleges
... Taiga plants have to deal with very low temperatures, a very short growing season and low-nutrient soils. Their adaptations include: • Needle-shaped leaves: taiga trees do not drop their leaves. This is to maximise photosynthesis throughout the year. To reduce water loss they are needle-shaped and w ...
... Taiga plants have to deal with very low temperatures, a very short growing season and low-nutrient soils. Their adaptations include: • Needle-shaped leaves: taiga trees do not drop their leaves. This is to maximise photosynthesis throughout the year. To reduce water loss they are needle-shaped and w ...
I made observations on liptenine biology from July 1986 to March
... Males perched in late morning (llOO to 1300 h) on the edge of small sunlit clearings, where half a dozen or more were found together, and not far from the ant trees utilized by their larvae. Males rested by hanging from dead branches or from the bamboo stems from which they fed (Fig. 5). Females fre ...
... Males perched in late morning (llOO to 1300 h) on the edge of small sunlit clearings, where half a dozen or more were found together, and not far from the ant trees utilized by their larvae. Males rested by hanging from dead branches or from the bamboo stems from which they fed (Fig. 5). Females fre ...
mammals, edge effects, and the loss of tropical forest diversity
... often disperse and bury seeds, some of which survive to germinate (Smythe 1989). In fragments where mammals are absent, or where mammals have been lost to hunters, such dispersal does not occur. Mammal community composition thus may play an important role in the maintenance or loss of tree species d ...
... often disperse and bury seeds, some of which survive to germinate (Smythe 1989). In fragments where mammals are absent, or where mammals have been lost to hunters, such dispersal does not occur. Mammal community composition thus may play an important role in the maintenance or loss of tree species d ...
Predicted effects of climate change on indicator species of structural
... (Hulme 2005) face a particularly high risk of range contractions, if not local extinction (Hughes 2000). In Central Europe, adverse effects are mainly predicted for boreo-Alpine forms of montane and subalpine ecosystems (e.g. Sergio 2003; Alo & Wang 2008). These organisms are often glacial relics wh ...
... (Hulme 2005) face a particularly high risk of range contractions, if not local extinction (Hughes 2000). In Central Europe, adverse effects are mainly predicted for boreo-Alpine forms of montane and subalpine ecosystems (e.g. Sergio 2003; Alo & Wang 2008). These organisms are often glacial relics wh ...
The Citizen`s Guide to Carbon Capping
... • There is no public benefit from polluter grandfathering. • The economic value of the atmosphere is entirely captured by shareholders of polluting corporations. • Polluters’ windfalls would be so large (and they’d rise as the cap declines) that public support for carbon rationing would ...
... • There is no public benefit from polluter grandfathering. • The economic value of the atmosphere is entirely captured by shareholders of polluting corporations. • Polluters’ windfalls would be so large (and they’d rise as the cap declines) that public support for carbon rationing would ...
Plant Herbivore Interactions at the Forest Edge
... Most revisions about edge effects emphasize a positive effect of edge creation on herbivores and their damage to vegetation (e.g. Laurance et al. 1997; Foggo et al. 2001; Ries et al. 2004), although few studies in fact present empirical data, and responses are reported to be positive, negative, or n ...
... Most revisions about edge effects emphasize a positive effect of edge creation on herbivores and their damage to vegetation (e.g. Laurance et al. 1997; Foggo et al. 2001; Ries et al. 2004), although few studies in fact present empirical data, and responses are reported to be positive, negative, or n ...
The carbon cycle in a changing climate
... The transfer of carbon between the atmosphere, the ocean, and plants and soils on land is a particularly important feedback for the climate. Some interactions between Earth’s climate and the carbon cycle occur on yearly time scales. Plants take in CO2 during the summer to produce leaves, wood, and o ...
... The transfer of carbon between the atmosphere, the ocean, and plants and soils on land is a particularly important feedback for the climate. Some interactions between Earth’s climate and the carbon cycle occur on yearly time scales. Plants take in CO2 during the summer to produce leaves, wood, and o ...
section 7 - hartnell.edu
... flows through the system is captured by the primary producers. Second, at each transfer—from sunlight to plant, plant to herbivore, and so on, up the chain—the second law of thermodynamics tells us that some energy is inevitably lost. Less energy is available to each successive trophic level. The lo ...
... flows through the system is captured by the primary producers. Second, at each transfer—from sunlight to plant, plant to herbivore, and so on, up the chain—the second law of thermodynamics tells us that some energy is inevitably lost. Less energy is available to each successive trophic level. The lo ...
Reforestation
Reforestation is the natural or intentional restocking of existing forests and woodlands that have been depleted, usually through deforestation.Reforestation can be used to improve the quality of human life by soaking up pollution and dust from the air, rebuild natural habitats and ecosystems, mitigate global warming since forests facilitate biosequestration of atmospheric carbon dioxide, and harvest for resources, particularly timber.The term reforestation is similar to afforestation, the process of restoring and recreating areas of woodlands or forests that may have existed long ago but were deforested or otherwise removed at some point in the past. Sometimes the term re-afforestation is used to distinguish between the original forest cover and the later re-growth of forest to an area. Special tools, e.g. tree planting bar, are used to make planting of trees easier and faster.