Chapter 2 of Stern Review: approach to discounting
... Sections 2.5 and 2.6 consider how economic analysis can get to grips with a problem that is uncertain and involves a serious risk of large losses of wellbeing, due to deaths, extinctions of species and heavy economic costs, rather than the marginal changes more commonly considered in economics. For ...
... Sections 2.5 and 2.6 consider how economic analysis can get to grips with a problem that is uncertain and involves a serious risk of large losses of wellbeing, due to deaths, extinctions of species and heavy economic costs, rather than the marginal changes more commonly considered in economics. For ...
1 - Ev-K2-CNR
... areas and generate essential and often complementary natural resources, of which water is only the most obvious. Their verticality also generates tremendous habitat and species diversity over short horizontal distances. Human societies – not only within the mountains but also beyond them – exploit t ...
... areas and generate essential and often complementary natural resources, of which water is only the most obvious. Their verticality also generates tremendous habitat and species diversity over short horizontal distances. Human societies – not only within the mountains but also beyond them – exploit t ...
Australian rangelands and climate change – native species
... main modelling approaches The available macro-ecological modelling examined as part of this work used two discrete analysis methods. These methods are described briefly below in the context of assessing species responses to a changing climate. 1. Species Distribution Modelling. The most widely used ...
... main modelling approaches The available macro-ecological modelling examined as part of this work used two discrete analysis methods. These methods are described briefly below in the context of assessing species responses to a changing climate. 1. Species Distribution Modelling. The most widely used ...
Nov 21, 2015 - Science and Environmental Policy Project
... By Ken Haapala, President, Science and Environmental Policy Project (SEPP) Attribution: With each successive report the UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) becomes more certain in attributing recent climate change to human influence. That is, that human influence, particularly carbon ...
... By Ken Haapala, President, Science and Environmental Policy Project (SEPP) Attribution: With each successive report the UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) becomes more certain in attributing recent climate change to human influence. That is, that human influence, particularly carbon ...
GEF Trust Fund
... Implementation of Pilot Climate Change Adaptation Measures in the Andean Region (WB) Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru => SCCF $6.7 M Climate-Resilience Development and Adaptation India (UNDP) => SCCF $4M Protection of Environmental Services of Coastal Wetlands in the Gulf of Mexico (WB) => SCCF $4.8 M Pacific ...
... Implementation of Pilot Climate Change Adaptation Measures in the Andean Region (WB) Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru => SCCF $6.7 M Climate-Resilience Development and Adaptation India (UNDP) => SCCF $4M Protection of Environmental Services of Coastal Wetlands in the Gulf of Mexico (WB) => SCCF $4.8 M Pacific ...
Global Climate Change - A Suggested Resources list
... What We Know About Climate Change – 1955; Kerry A. Emanuel; ISBN 9780262050890 (high) Why Geography Matters: Three Challenges Facing America: Climate Change, The Rise of China, and Global Terrorism – 2005, Harm DeBlij; Oxford University Press; ISBN 0195183010 (high) Lesson Plans/Activities: Chesapea ...
... What We Know About Climate Change – 1955; Kerry A. Emanuel; ISBN 9780262050890 (high) Why Geography Matters: Three Challenges Facing America: Climate Change, The Rise of China, and Global Terrorism – 2005, Harm DeBlij; Oxford University Press; ISBN 0195183010 (high) Lesson Plans/Activities: Chesapea ...
IPCC (2007) - climate crime index
... conservative figures, at a 2ºC global average temperature increase, an additional 1.5 billion people will be deprived of food and water – almost all of them in the developing nations. ...
... conservative figures, at a 2ºC global average temperature increase, an additional 1.5 billion people will be deprived of food and water – almost all of them in the developing nations. ...
study guide - Denver Center for the Performing Arts
... Eric Wilson is the Chief of Staff to Senator Louis Allen. It’s an important White House position that has been portrayed in movies like American President, where Martin Sheen plays the Chief of Staff to the President, or TV shows like West Wing, VEEP, and Newroom. Often times, the elected leader wil ...
... Eric Wilson is the Chief of Staff to Senator Louis Allen. It’s an important White House position that has been portrayed in movies like American President, where Martin Sheen plays the Chief of Staff to the President, or TV shows like West Wing, VEEP, and Newroom. Often times, the elected leader wil ...
Impacts of Climate Change on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services
... these relationships (Chapin et al., 2000). Biodiversity provides numerous ecosystem services that are crucial to human well-being (Diaz, 2006). Ecosystem services are the benefits provided by ecosystems to humans that contribute to sustaining life and its quality. The effect of biodiversity on ecosy ...
... these relationships (Chapin et al., 2000). Biodiversity provides numerous ecosystem services that are crucial to human well-being (Diaz, 2006). Ecosystem services are the benefits provided by ecosystems to humans that contribute to sustaining life and its quality. The effect of biodiversity on ecosy ...
20160718_request_submission_form_energy_efficiency_in_rac
... systems that contains ODS were strictly banned in the developed countries are found in the market of PNG. Thus, they sell those gases and equipment to us the developing countries and there is no proper policy and intuitional mechanisms in place to monitor the situation and it has gone from bad to wo ...
... systems that contains ODS were strictly banned in the developed countries are found in the market of PNG. Thus, they sell those gases and equipment to us the developing countries and there is no proper policy and intuitional mechanisms in place to monitor the situation and it has gone from bad to wo ...
PDF
... as fair as originally intended, given how dramatically the world has changed since the UNFCCC divided countries into two categories in 1992. Approximately fifty non-Annex I countries now have higher per capita income than the poorest of the Annex I countries. A second weakness of the Protocol is the ...
... as fair as originally intended, given how dramatically the world has changed since the UNFCCC divided countries into two categories in 1992. Approximately fifty non-Annex I countries now have higher per capita income than the poorest of the Annex I countries. A second weakness of the Protocol is the ...
PDF
... climate system is warming, and this is affecting both average air and ocean temperatures, thus causing widespread snow and ice melts and average sea levels to rise. Global warming is also expected to affect both ecosystems and socio-economic systems to varying degrees, even though the impacts on nat ...
... climate system is warming, and this is affecting both average air and ocean temperatures, thus causing widespread snow and ice melts and average sea levels to rise. Global warming is also expected to affect both ecosystems and socio-economic systems to varying degrees, even though the impacts on nat ...
Carbon Sequestration via Wood Burial
... exhibit considerable dieback during the coming century as a result of global climate change (Cox et al., 2000; Betts et al., 2004; Cox et al., 2004; Scholze et al., 2006), a prediction that has raised considerable interest as well as controversy. In order to test these conclusions, and to determine ...
... exhibit considerable dieback during the coming century as a result of global climate change (Cox et al., 2000; Betts et al., 2004; Cox et al., 2004; Scholze et al., 2006), a prediction that has raised considerable interest as well as controversy. In order to test these conclusions, and to determine ...
The Influence of Climate Change on Global Crop
... David B. Lobell* and Sharon M. Gourdji Department of Environmental Earth System Science and Center on Food Security and the Environment, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305 ...
... David B. Lobell* and Sharon M. Gourdji Department of Environmental Earth System Science and Center on Food Security and the Environment, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305 ...
Assessing the potential impacts of climate change on food
... events such as droughts, heat waves and flooding in recent years. Climate change projections for the coming decades make it likely that there will be a further increase in such extreme weather events. Additionally, water scarcity is expected to become an important challenge to EU Member States aroun ...
... events such as droughts, heat waves and flooding in recent years. Climate change projections for the coming decades make it likely that there will be a further increase in such extreme weather events. Additionally, water scarcity is expected to become an important challenge to EU Member States aroun ...
Observed Strengthening of the Zonal Sea Surface Temperature Gradient
... that is not significantly different from zero, which is when DxSST is a climatological maximum and has been strengthening. Because the mean annual cycle of DxSLP is in phase with that of DxSST, it is a valid interpretation of Figs. 4a–c that, amid a general weakening, the seasonality of the zonal at ...
... that is not significantly different from zero, which is when DxSST is a climatological maximum and has been strengthening. Because the mean annual cycle of DxSLP is in phase with that of DxSST, it is a valid interpretation of Figs. 4a–c that, amid a general weakening, the seasonality of the zonal at ...
South Africa`s Intended Nationally Determined Contribution
... nationally determined contribution (INDC) on adaptation, mitigation as well as finance and investment requirements for both. This INDC has been developed on the understanding that the Paris Agreement will be binding, fair, effective and incorporate a “no-backsliding” and a “progressive” approach to ...
... nationally determined contribution (INDC) on adaptation, mitigation as well as finance and investment requirements for both. This INDC has been developed on the understanding that the Paris Agreement will be binding, fair, effective and incorporate a “no-backsliding” and a “progressive” approach to ...
This GREEEN guide is not a manual on how to deal with climate
... water; loss of biodiversity; spreading of diseases; possibility of increased numbers of natural catastrophes; problems in food production. Thirdly, teaching strategies for mitigation and adaptation to climate change on a local to a global level. Strategies for intervening climate change have traditi ...
... water; loss of biodiversity; spreading of diseases; possibility of increased numbers of natural catastrophes; problems in food production. Thirdly, teaching strategies for mitigation and adaptation to climate change on a local to a global level. Strategies for intervening climate change have traditi ...
The Changing Himalayas - India Environment Portal
... annual flows in the rivers are contributed by snow and glacial melting. The warming in the greater Himalayas has been much greater than the global average: for example, 0.6 degrees Celsius per decade in Nepal, compared with a global average of 0.74 degrees Celsius over the last 100 years. Changes in ...
... annual flows in the rivers are contributed by snow and glacial melting. The warming in the greater Himalayas has been much greater than the global average: for example, 0.6 degrees Celsius per decade in Nepal, compared with a global average of 0.74 degrees Celsius over the last 100 years. Changes in ...
personal-use pdf file - Climate Research Division
... The simulated impacts of the climate change scenarios on the Sacramento Basin hydrology are characterized by considering inflows to the three major reservoirs in the basin: Lake Shasta, Lake Oroville and Folsom Lake. Two aspects of the hydrologic system that could be affected by the climate change s ...
... The simulated impacts of the climate change scenarios on the Sacramento Basin hydrology are characterized by considering inflows to the three major reservoirs in the basin: Lake Shasta, Lake Oroville and Folsom Lake. Two aspects of the hydrologic system that could be affected by the climate change s ...
Global Change in Local Places: How Scale Matters
... which regional problems become global ones. Global systemic changes are direct changes in the functioning of a global system, as exemplified by effects of greenhouse gas emissions on the global climate system or ozone-depleting gases on the stratosphere. Cumulative global changes are those in which ...
... which regional problems become global ones. Global systemic changes are direct changes in the functioning of a global system, as exemplified by effects of greenhouse gas emissions on the global climate system or ozone-depleting gases on the stratosphere. Cumulative global changes are those in which ...
Air Pollution, Climate Disruption, and Ozone Depletion
... • Climate is determined by the average weather conditions of the earth or of a particular area, especially temperature and precipitation, over periods of at least three decades to thousands of years. • One or two warmer or colder years or decades can result simply from changes in the weather; don’t ...
... • Climate is determined by the average weather conditions of the earth or of a particular area, especially temperature and precipitation, over periods of at least three decades to thousands of years. • One or two warmer or colder years or decades can result simply from changes in the weather; don’t ...
The Ocean and Climate Change
... CHANGING OCEAN – CHANGING CLIMATE The ocean plays an integral part in influencing the global climate. Both regional and global climate patterns depend on long-term interactions between the ocean and the atmosphere: heat storage, transportation of heat around the globe, wind, evaporation and precipit ...
... CHANGING OCEAN – CHANGING CLIMATE The ocean plays an integral part in influencing the global climate. Both regional and global climate patterns depend on long-term interactions between the ocean and the atmosphere: heat storage, transportation of heat around the globe, wind, evaporation and precipit ...
Climate change in the United States
Because of global warming, there has been concern in the United States and internationally, that the country should reduce total greenhouse gas which is relatively high per capita.In 2012, the United States experienced its warmest year on record. As of 2012, the thirteen warmest years for the entire planet have all occurred since 1998, transcending those from 1880.From 1950 to 2009, the American government's surface temperature record shows an increase by 1 °F (0.56 °C), approximately. Global warming has caused many changes in the U.S. According to a 2009 statement by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), trends include lake and river ice melting earlier in the spring, plants blooming earlier, multiple animal species shifting their habitat ranges northward, and reductions in the size of glaciers.Predicting future climate changes are fraught with difficultly. Some research has warned against possible problems due to American climate changes such as the spread of invasive species and possibilities of floods as well as droughts. Changes in climate in the regions of the United States appear significant. Drought conditions appear to be worsening in the southwest while improving in the northeast for example.President Barack Obama committed in the December 2009 Copenhagen Climate Change Summit to reduce carbon dioxide emissions in the range of 17% below 2005 levels by 2020, 42% below 2005 levels by 2030, and 83% below 2005 levels by 2050. In an address towards the U.S. Congress in June 2013, Obama detailed a specific action plan to achieve the 17% carbon emissions cut from 2005 by 2020. He included such measures as shifting from coal-based power generation to solar and natural gas production.