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Ellwood`s Europe - University of South Florida
Ellwood`s Europe - University of South Florida

Philosophy of Social Science
Philosophy of Social Science

... As in previous editions, I begin with an explanation of why philosophy is relevant to the human sciences, and then I explore the problems raised by al­ ternative explanatory strategies of the human sciences. These problems have spawned familiar theoretical and methodological movements: behaviorism, ...
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Constructing Transnational Studies
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... Transnational scholarship is not entirely new nor does it argue for jettisoning completely related research paradigms and perspectives. But, as Hannerz (1996) notes, it is a response to both strengths and weaknesses in contemporary scholarship: I am rather uncomfortable with the rather prodigious us ...
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FREE Sample Here - We can offer most test bank and

... A) They were among the first faculty members in the sociology department at the University of Chicago. B) They were all sociologists who won Nobel Prizes for their work in social reform. C) They all established major disciplines in sociology while at Harvard University. D) They co-authored the textb ...
SOCY4400 Contemporary Social Theory
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Social exclusion and social solidarity: Three paradigms
Social exclusion and social solidarity: Three paradigms

... appear to challenge the assumptions underlying post-war Western welfare states. Universal social policies insure against predictable risks that affect people who share the same life-cycle, career pattern, and family structure. However, the standardization of the life course can no longer be assumed. ...
Born on August 1st 1930, the French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu
Born on August 1st 1930, the French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu

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robert k. merton - American Philosophical Society
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... very prediction helped galvanize the socialist movement, which in turn in some countries slowed, if not eliminated, the development Marx had predicted. With characteristic erudition, Merton further described the concept by turning a Goethean passage on its head—“Die Kraft, die stets das Gute will, u ...
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Social Darwinism

Social Darwinism is a modern name given to various theories of society that emerged in the United Kingdom, North America, and Western Europe in the 1870s, which claim to apply biological concepts of natural selection and survival of the fittest to sociology and politics. Economically, social Darwinists argue that the strong should see their wealth and power increase while the weak should see their wealth and power decrease. Different social Darwinists have differing views about which groups of people are considered to be the strong and which groups of people are considered to be the weak, and they also hold different opinions about the precise mechanism that should be used to reward strength and punish weakness. Many such views stress competition between individuals in laissez-faire capitalism, while others are claimed to have motivated ideas of eugenics, racism, imperialism, fascism, Nazism, and struggle between national or racial groups.The term social Darwinism gained widespread currency when used after 1944 by opponents of these earlier concepts. The majority of those who have been categorised as social Darwinists, did not identify themselves by such a label.Creationists have often maintained that social Darwinism—leading to policies designed to reward the most competitive—is a logical consequence of ""Darwinism"" (the theory of natural selection in biology). Biologists and historians have stated that this is a fallacy of appeal to nature, since the theory of natural selection is merely intended as a description of a biological phenomenon and should not be taken to imply that this phenomenon is good or that it ought to be used as a moral guide in human society. While most scholars recognize some historical links between the popularisation of Darwin's theory and forms of social Darwinism, they also maintain that social Darwinism is not a necessary consequence of the principles of biological evolution.Scholars debate the extent to which the various social Darwinist ideologies reflect Charles Darwin's own views on human social and economic issues. His writings have passages that can be interpreted as opposing aggressive individualism, while other passages appear to promote it. Some scholars argue that Darwin's view gradually changed and came to incorporate views from the leading social interpreters of his theory such as Herbert Spencer. But Spencer's Lamarckian evolutionary ideas about society were published before Darwin first published his theory, and both promoted their own conceptions of moral values. Spencer supported laissez-faire capitalism on the basis of his Lamarckian belief that struggle for survival spurred self-improvement which could be inherited.
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