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1.1.1 Student Hook A..
1.1.1 Student Hook A..

... NAIROBI – Nations must make plans to help tens of millions of “sea level refugees” if climate change continues to ravage the worlds’ oceans, German researchers said on Thursday. Waters are rising and warming, increasing the destructive power of storms, they said, and seas are becoming more acidic, t ...
GLOBAL WARMING: IT*S EFFECT TO THE PORT
GLOBAL WARMING: IT*S EFFECT TO THE PORT

... • Global warming refers to rising global temperatures and it causes climates to change. • The warming has resulted : ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... A potentially simpler and even bigger impact can be made by doing more with less. Citizens of many developed countries are profligate wasters of energy, whether by speeding in a gas-guzzling sport-utility vehicle or leaving the lights on when not in a room. Good driving—and good car maintenance, suc ...
Extreme weather events and climate change
Extreme weather events and climate change

... extreme weather events compared to a decade earlier. Over 350,000 lives were lost globally due to extreme weather over the ten year period. They also pointed out that the 2001-2010 decade was easily the warmest decade on record. The two decades before then were also record breakers. The report was v ...
29 Sep 2013
29 Sep 2013

... comparable to the amounts that will be released by human activities by 2100 if we continue along our present path. During the Eocene, temperatures were too warm ...
download PDF
download PDF

... planations of the uncertainty inherent in all forms of forecasting. ...
Aspenia Questions to Stephen H
Aspenia Questions to Stephen H

... recently, since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, human activities that clear land or burn fossil fuels have been injecting greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide (CO 2) and methane (CH4) into the atmosphere: CO2 has increased by ~35% and CH4 has increased by ~150% since the beginning of ...
PowerPoint-Präsentation - Portal Globales Lernen
PowerPoint-Präsentation - Portal Globales Lernen

... German Development Institute German Advisory Council on Global Change (WBGU) www.die-gdi.de ...
Regionalkonferenz der Metropolregion Hamburg
Regionalkonferenz der Metropolregion Hamburg

... Summary: Climate science in society • Climate science is no longer an effort driven solely or mostly driven by curiosity. • Instead, climate science is a resource for the society in dealing with climate change. • In doing so, science has to better understand how to deal with questions, concerns and ...
Workshop Material - Global Climate Change Alliance
Workshop Material - Global Climate Change Alliance

... • Suffer from biodiversity , climate change risks and disasters—landslides, flooding, drought, reduced water availability, increased temperature • Heavy reliance on natural resources base for the wellbeing of the local communities • Promote equity between and within Uganda and Kenya • Cost below USD ...
PowerPoint File - Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences
PowerPoint File - Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences

... “The unequivocal detection of the enhanced greenhouse effect from observations is not likely for a decade or more.” Climate Change – The IPCC Scientific Assessment (1990) “The balance of evidence suggests a discernible human influence on global climate.” Climate Change 1995 – The Second Assessm ...
09_climate change
09_climate change

... cancer patients. ...
Climate Action Planning
Climate Action Planning

...  Mitigation strategies  Top hazards all related to, or aggravated by predicted climate change impacts. ...
Haywood_LSAR_2012
Haywood_LSAR_2012

... concentrations to avoid “dangerous” climate change • Need to know what a “safe” level of greenhouse gas concentrations is: – Sensitivity of the global climate system to different levels of GHGs (climate sensitivity) – Relationship between GHG emissions and concentrations (carbon cycle feedback) – Ri ...
Please amend title - Climate North East
Please amend title - Climate North East

... Project example: The North East Climate Change Schools Project The North East Climate Change Schools Project has been working with 80 lead schools in the region to teach pupils about climate change. The project is the first of its kind in the country. The project has just launched a Climate Adaptat ...
Student Fact Sheet - New Zealand Wind Energy Association
Student Fact Sheet - New Zealand Wind Energy Association

... – particularly CO2 into the atmosphere and have upset the natural balance of the Earth’s atmosphere.The increased amount of greenhouse gases that cause heat to be trapped in the Earth’s atmosphere has led to global warming. • In the last 100 years the Earth’s average temperature has increased by .75 ...
Proxy Climate Data
Proxy Climate Data

... Environments shift with near tropics to the poles Oceans/Atmosphere/Land Features Sea level 100-200 m higher because of no polar ice caps Intense storms (hurricanes) because of warmer waters ...
Download paper (PDF)
Download paper (PDF)

... In what could be crucial to current climate negotiations, coalition countries may accept binding caps on their emissions levels in exchange for tradable emission reduction credits. In fact, these countries are being drawn toward pledging “voluntary reductions” by the prospect of access to now viable ...
Questioning the Global Warming Science: An Annotated
Questioning the Global Warming Science: An Annotated

... a. “Potential role of solar variability as an agent for climate change” C Bertrand & J Van Ypersele Climatic Change V 43 (1999) p.387-411 It is shown that, although total solar irradiance reconstruction is insufficient to reproduce observed warming of the 20th century, the model response suggests th ...
Climate Change * A Few Key Facts You Probably
Climate Change * A Few Key Facts You Probably

... Foster & Rohling 2013 - Paleo Climate shows that 400 ppm CO2 leads to final sea level rise of ~24m (80 ft) above today’s, and conclude “Our results imply that to avoid significantly elevated sea level in the long term, atmospheric CO2 should be reduced to levels similar to those of preindustrial ti ...
File - African Institute for Development Policy
File - African Institute for Development Policy

... The need for flexible and responsive systems, already crucial but often not recognised, will increase in the future ...
Weather - University of Arizona
Weather - University of Arizona

... atmospheric gasses - small air bubbles temperature - oxygen isotopes windiness - dust ...
Starving polar bears
Starving polar bears

... leads you to think the bear’s condition was caused by the disappearance of its food source due to climate change? Many times in my life, I have been in the same emaciated condition as that poor bear, and not once was the cause a lack of enough food. Since childhood, I have had a debilitating digesti ...
Topic 2 - Climate & Change
Topic 2 - Climate & Change

... Greenhouse gases: Change over time • Since pre-industrial times, atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases have grown significantly: – countries become more industrialised – people become consumers of energy and goods – Become bigger producers of air pollution (through the burning of fossil fu ...
Basic Climate Change Science, Human Response and
Basic Climate Change Science, Human Response and

... temperature would be –180oC The natural greenhouse effect warms the temperature of the atmosphere to 15 oC at the Earth’s surface This natural warming allows water to exist on the Earth’s surface, the basis of life supports ...
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Attribution of recent climate change



Attribution of recent climate change is the effort to scientifically ascertain mechanisms responsible for recent changes observed in the Earth's climate, commonly known as 'global warming'. The effort has focused on changes observed during the period of instrumental temperature record, when records are most reliable; particularly in the last 50 years, when human activity has grown fastest and observations of the troposphere have become available. The dominant mechanisms (to which recent climate change has been attributed) are anthropogenic, i.e., the result of human activity. They are: increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases global changes to land surface, such as deforestation increasing atmospheric concentrations of aerosols.There are also natural mechanisms for variation including climate oscillations, changes in solar activity, and volcanic activity.According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is ""extremely likely"" that human influence was the dominant cause of global warming between 1951 and 2010. The IPCC defines ""extremely likely"" as indicating a probability of 95 to 100%, based on an expert assessment of all the available evidence.Multiple lines of evidence support attribution of recent climate change to human activities: A basic physical understanding of the climate system: greenhouse gas concentrations have increased and their warming properties are well-established. Historical estimates of past climate changes suggest that the recent changes in global surface temperature are unusual. Computer-based climate models are unable to replicate the observed warming unless human greenhouse gas emissions are included. Natural forces alone (such as solar and volcanic activity) cannot explain the observed warming.The IPCC's attribution of recent global warming to human activities is a view shared by most scientists, and is also supported by 196 other scientific organizations worldwide (see also: scientific opinion on climate change).
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