Global environmental change and the Caribbean
... highlights the probable importance of multiple ‘hits’; coral reefs are probably capable of dealing with one or two of these factors at a time, but not with all of them simultaneously. ...
... highlights the probable importance of multiple ‘hits’; coral reefs are probably capable of dealing with one or two of these factors at a time, but not with all of them simultaneously. ...
DOC - Europa.eu
... The world is getting rapidly warmer, and there is an overwhelming consensus among the leading climate scientists that this is being caused mainly by carbon dioxide and other 'greenhouse gases' emitted by human activities, chiefly the combustion of fossil fuels and deforestation. These gases remain i ...
... The world is getting rapidly warmer, and there is an overwhelming consensus among the leading climate scientists that this is being caused mainly by carbon dioxide and other 'greenhouse gases' emitted by human activities, chiefly the combustion of fossil fuels and deforestation. These gases remain i ...
PDF
... which are passed directly from livestock to humans and those which move from wildlife to livestock to humans. Pasture production and grazing lands will also be affected, and the competition between crops for food versus animal feed, already being felt, could be exacerbated. But the impact of climate ...
... which are passed directly from livestock to humans and those which move from wildlife to livestock to humans. Pasture production and grazing lands will also be affected, and the competition between crops for food versus animal feed, already being felt, could be exacerbated. But the impact of climate ...
An Abrupt Climate Change Scenario and Its
... other areas caused glaciers to advance, rivers to freeze, and agricultural lands to be less productive. Scientific evidence suggests that this event was associated with, and perhaps caused by, a collapse of the ocean’s conveyor following a period of gradual warming. Longer ice core and oceanic recor ...
... other areas caused glaciers to advance, rivers to freeze, and agricultural lands to be less productive. Scientific evidence suggests that this event was associated with, and perhaps caused by, a collapse of the ocean’s conveyor following a period of gradual warming. Longer ice core and oceanic recor ...
Solving wicked social problems with socio
... Other fields in which modeling and simulation are heavily used for policy making have begun to develop systems that incorporate access to a model in order to eliminate this bottleneck (e.g. [9] [10]). Yet the field of integrated climate assessment models, the primary type of tool used to inform poli ...
... Other fields in which modeling and simulation are heavily used for policy making have begun to develop systems that incorporate access to a model in order to eliminate this bottleneck (e.g. [9] [10]). Yet the field of integrated climate assessment models, the primary type of tool used to inform poli ...
abstracts - Swedish Institute at Athens
... communication between disciplines, or even between researchers within the same discipline, needs to be consciously articulated and continuously practiced. The main question today is not whether we should engage in interdisciplinary projects, but instead concerns the models and levels of generalizati ...
... communication between disciplines, or even between researchers within the same discipline, needs to be consciously articulated and continuously practiced. The main question today is not whether we should engage in interdisciplinary projects, but instead concerns the models and levels of generalizati ...
EURO-CORDEX-LUC: A new initiative on - (ICRC)
... What is the magnitude of direct biophysical impacts of land use changes on climate at regional to local scales in Europe? • consistent LUC implementation in the models is important base land use distribution in the RCMs on a common reference and impose consistent LUC • large spatial fragmentatio ...
... What is the magnitude of direct biophysical impacts of land use changes on climate at regional to local scales in Europe? • consistent LUC implementation in the models is important base land use distribution in the RCMs on a common reference and impose consistent LUC • large spatial fragmentatio ...
MAEE Climat version anglaise.indd
... collective action More than 8,000 scientists worldwide, brought together on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), are of this opinion. If current world trends continue, in two generations we will have crossed the dangerous global warming threshold of 2°C as compared to the pre-indust ...
... collective action More than 8,000 scientists worldwide, brought together on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), are of this opinion. If current world trends continue, in two generations we will have crossed the dangerous global warming threshold of 2°C as compared to the pre-indust ...
The Geography of Climate - Mary Robinson Foundation
... supporting responses to climate change in Uganda National strategies in Uganda for both climate change adaptation and mitigation identify reducing deforestation and increasing reforestation as top priorities. Since 1990, Uganda has lost more than 25% of its forest cover and at current rates the rema ...
... supporting responses to climate change in Uganda National strategies in Uganda for both climate change adaptation and mitigation identify reducing deforestation and increasing reforestation as top priorities. Since 1990, Uganda has lost more than 25% of its forest cover and at current rates the rema ...
Climate change and state fragility in the Sahel
... The Sahel will get hotter. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change expects temperatures in the region to increase by nearly 1oC over the next 20 years, 2.1oC by 2065, and 4.0oC by the end of the century. It is unclear how these temperature changes will influence rainfall; climate models cannot ...
... The Sahel will get hotter. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change expects temperatures in the region to increase by nearly 1oC over the next 20 years, 2.1oC by 2065, and 4.0oC by the end of the century. It is unclear how these temperature changes will influence rainfall; climate models cannot ...
Global Solutions for the Challenges of Sustainable
... Ms. Caroline Richter, Global Climate Observing System, Director (t.b.c.) Mr. Phillipe Brunet, EU Directorate K - Aerospace, Maritime and Defence Industries Mr. Jakob Rhyner, UN University, Vice Rector (t.b.c.) ...
... Ms. Caroline Richter, Global Climate Observing System, Director (t.b.c.) Mr. Phillipe Brunet, EU Directorate K - Aerospace, Maritime and Defence Industries Mr. Jakob Rhyner, UN University, Vice Rector (t.b.c.) ...
The challenges of mountain environments: Water
... and rainfall. With respect to the agricultural changes, aerosols can directly impact productivity by shading the vegetation from solar radiation; and indirectly through the induced changes in temperatures and hydrological cycle. Model simulations (UNEP and C4, 2002) shows that rainfall disruption is ...
... and rainfall. With respect to the agricultural changes, aerosols can directly impact productivity by shading the vegetation from solar radiation; and indirectly through the induced changes in temperatures and hydrological cycle. Model simulations (UNEP and C4, 2002) shows that rainfall disruption is ...
2017_EC1_1_1
... i. supplying posters and flyers that inform the public about the issue of climate change and global warming all over the world in places such as zoos, public bathrooms, airports, train stations, and libraries, ii. collaborating with model NGOs such as the EPA to ensure that the illiterate can also ...
... i. supplying posters and flyers that inform the public about the issue of climate change and global warming all over the world in places such as zoos, public bathrooms, airports, train stations, and libraries, ii. collaborating with model NGOs such as the EPA to ensure that the illiterate can also ...
tennessee - National Conference of State Legislatures
... top producer of hardwood flooring and is ranked second in the nation in hardwood lumber production.5 In 2000, the forest product industry accounted for 6.6 percent of the state’s gross domestic product, generating $21.7 billion in economic output and employing 180,000.6 Tennessee’s forests, a signif ...
... top producer of hardwood flooring and is ranked second in the nation in hardwood lumber production.5 In 2000, the forest product industry accounted for 6.6 percent of the state’s gross domestic product, generating $21.7 billion in economic output and employing 180,000.6 Tennessee’s forests, a signif ...
Human contribution to more-intense precipitation extremes
... in the characteristics of such events, including recent increases in the intensity of heavy precipitation events over a large part of the Northern Hemisphere land area3–5, is critical for reliable projections of future changes. Given that atmospheric water-holding capacity is expected to increase ro ...
... in the characteristics of such events, including recent increases in the intensity of heavy precipitation events over a large part of the Northern Hemisphere land area3–5, is critical for reliable projections of future changes. Given that atmospheric water-holding capacity is expected to increase ro ...
Earth Observation for
... Scope Definition of climate: a measure of the average pattern of variation in temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind, precipitation, atmospheric particle count and other meteorological variables in a given region over long periods of time Climate change refers to a change in the state of ...
... Scope Definition of climate: a measure of the average pattern of variation in temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind, precipitation, atmospheric particle count and other meteorological variables in a given region over long periods of time Climate change refers to a change in the state of ...
Legal Framework on Adaptation - European Capacity Building
... estimate of incremental costs of reductions of GHGs ...
... estimate of incremental costs of reductions of GHGs ...
climate crime file
... the fact that global warming is due to increased greenhouse gas concentrations.13 But Esso still claims that the science remains ‘inconclusive’14 and refuses to accept that changes to the climate are a result of the burning of fossil fuels such as oil.15 Even though the impacts of climate change are ...
... the fact that global warming is due to increased greenhouse gas concentrations.13 But Esso still claims that the science remains ‘inconclusive’14 and refuses to accept that changes to the climate are a result of the burning of fossil fuels such as oil.15 Even though the impacts of climate change are ...
Emissions of industrialized countries rose to all time high in
... This year’s United Nations Climate Change Conference (3-14 December) will be presided over by Indonesian Environment Minister Rachmat Witoelar, with support from the UN’s Climate Change Secretariat. More than 10,000 participants are expected to attend. The main goal of the conference is to launch ne ...
... This year’s United Nations Climate Change Conference (3-14 December) will be presided over by Indonesian Environment Minister Rachmat Witoelar, with support from the UN’s Climate Change Secretariat. More than 10,000 participants are expected to attend. The main goal of the conference is to launch ne ...
Lecture #7_radiation - UMD | Atmospheric and Oceanic Science
... heat energy is reflected back into space by the Earth’s surface, gases in the atmosphere, and clouds; some of it is absorbed and stored as heat. When the surface and atmosphere warm, they emit heat, or thermal energy, into space. The “radiation budget” is an accounting of these energy flows. If the ...
... heat energy is reflected back into space by the Earth’s surface, gases in the atmosphere, and clouds; some of it is absorbed and stored as heat. When the surface and atmosphere warm, they emit heat, or thermal energy, into space. The “radiation budget” is an accounting of these energy flows. If the ...
06-05
... the Mauna Loa Observatory–ed.] range from 312 parts per million at the beginning of the record to about 340 parts per million at present.” 2006 Update: Atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration in early 2006 was nearly 380 parts per million (http://www.cmdl.noaa.gov/ccgg/iadv/). A half-century ago, w ...
... the Mauna Loa Observatory–ed.] range from 312 parts per million at the beginning of the record to about 340 parts per million at present.” 2006 Update: Atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration in early 2006 was nearly 380 parts per million (http://www.cmdl.noaa.gov/ccgg/iadv/). A half-century ago, w ...
The Cycling of Matter
... recent increase of the earth’s temperature as a whole. • The earth’s weather and climate is controlled by energy from the sun, which warms the surface of the earth as it, in turn, deflects the energy back into space. • Some of this deflected energy is retained within the atmosphere of the earth by g ...
... recent increase of the earth’s temperature as a whole. • The earth’s weather and climate is controlled by energy from the sun, which warms the surface of the earth as it, in turn, deflects the energy back into space. • Some of this deflected energy is retained within the atmosphere of the earth by g ...
Climate change and extreme weather events
... The concentrations of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and CFCs have increased since the pre-industrial age, especially since 1960. Carbon dioxide has increased from 280 ppmv to 360 parts per million by volume (ppmv), methane from 700 to 1720 ppmv, and nitrous oxide f ...
... The concentrations of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and CFCs have increased since the pre-industrial age, especially since 1960. Carbon dioxide has increased from 280 ppmv to 360 parts per million by volume (ppmv), methane from 700 to 1720 ppmv, and nitrous oxide f ...
Attribution of recent climate change
Attribution of recent climate change is the effort to scientifically ascertain mechanisms responsible for recent changes observed in the Earth's climate, commonly known as 'global warming'. The effort has focused on changes observed during the period of instrumental temperature record, when records are most reliable; particularly in the last 50 years, when human activity has grown fastest and observations of the troposphere have become available. The dominant mechanisms (to which recent climate change has been attributed) are anthropogenic, i.e., the result of human activity. They are: increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases global changes to land surface, such as deforestation increasing atmospheric concentrations of aerosols.There are also natural mechanisms for variation including climate oscillations, changes in solar activity, and volcanic activity.According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is ""extremely likely"" that human influence was the dominant cause of global warming between 1951 and 2010. The IPCC defines ""extremely likely"" as indicating a probability of 95 to 100%, based on an expert assessment of all the available evidence.Multiple lines of evidence support attribution of recent climate change to human activities: A basic physical understanding of the climate system: greenhouse gas concentrations have increased and their warming properties are well-established. Historical estimates of past climate changes suggest that the recent changes in global surface temperature are unusual. Computer-based climate models are unable to replicate the observed warming unless human greenhouse gas emissions are included. Natural forces alone (such as solar and volcanic activity) cannot explain the observed warming.The IPCC's attribution of recent global warming to human activities is a view shared by most scientists, and is also supported by 196 other scientific organizations worldwide (see also: scientific opinion on climate change).