A Bottom Up, Resource- Based Perspective To Deal With Climate Variability and Change
... limitations, which have come increasingly to light over the past decade. The concept is inadequate for some forcing agents, such as absorbing aerosols and land-use changes, that may have regional climate impacts much greater than would be predicted from TOA radiative forcing. Also, it diagnoses only ...
... limitations, which have come increasingly to light over the past decade. The concept is inadequate for some forcing agents, such as absorbing aerosols and land-use changes, that may have regional climate impacts much greater than would be predicted from TOA radiative forcing. Also, it diagnoses only ...
Climate Change Impacts on Columbia Basin Tribal Lands
... Use alternative hydro operations - for earlier refill, enhance natural river flow. Maintain climate reporting stations (“coop” sites). Restore closed stations. Put Climate Change and its mitigation strategies in management plans, now. NRDC: “In Hot Water: Water Man. Strategies” (www.nrdc.org/glo ...
... Use alternative hydro operations - for earlier refill, enhance natural river flow. Maintain climate reporting stations (“coop” sites). Restore closed stations. Put Climate Change and its mitigation strategies in management plans, now. NRDC: “In Hot Water: Water Man. Strategies” (www.nrdc.org/glo ...
Oxfam`s post COP21 analysis
... There are signals that science is finally winning the battle: countries have adopted language calling for a 1.5 degree world - the upper limit of safety for many fragile island states and Least Developed Countries (LDCs). After 21 years of hard negotiations and six years after the Copenhagen debacle ...
... There are signals that science is finally winning the battle: countries have adopted language calling for a 1.5 degree world - the upper limit of safety for many fragile island states and Least Developed Countries (LDCs). After 21 years of hard negotiations and six years after the Copenhagen debacle ...
7th EU Framework Programme challenges and opportunities
... Main new features aiming at simplification of the FP7 Rules for participation Member State / Associated country equally treated for the minimum number of participants Costs models are abandoned (instead, a unique definition of eligible costs) Community contribution is 50% for research and demo ...
... Main new features aiming at simplification of the FP7 Rules for participation Member State / Associated country equally treated for the minimum number of participants Costs models are abandoned (instead, a unique definition of eligible costs) Community contribution is 50% for research and demo ...
Interaction between Climate Change and the Cryosphere
... especially sensitive to climate change since they react relatively rapidly, with consequences for ecosystems, human activity at the regional level, and interactions with and feedback on ocean currents. Temperature rise due to changing climate is more pronounced in the Arctic and sub-Arctic areas tha ...
... especially sensitive to climate change since they react relatively rapidly, with consequences for ecosystems, human activity at the regional level, and interactions with and feedback on ocean currents. Temperature rise due to changing climate is more pronounced in the Arctic and sub-Arctic areas tha ...
The role of expertise in governance processes
... position that too little was known to justify regulations. More scientific research was deemed necessary to remedy this lack of understanding. They were right in stating that little was known about the atmosphere. This became clear when the Antarctic ozone hole was discovered since no theoretical mo ...
... position that too little was known to justify regulations. More scientific research was deemed necessary to remedy this lack of understanding. They were right in stating that little was known about the atmosphere. This became clear when the Antarctic ozone hole was discovered since no theoretical mo ...
DOC - World bank documents
... Outcome: Enhanced capacity of national institutions to develop climate scenarios based on regional climate models This component will finance activities which will be the building blocks for developing capacity in climate change analysis and modeling. More specifically, the ACAP will finance (1) dev ...
... Outcome: Enhanced capacity of national institutions to develop climate scenarios based on regional climate models This component will finance activities which will be the building blocks for developing capacity in climate change analysis and modeling. More specifically, the ACAP will finance (1) dev ...
CLIMAP builds on ongoing and recently completed adaptation
... A 3.2 km portion of the road section has ready been constructed, including the drainage works. The design for these was also based on an hourly rainfall of 178 mm for a 25 year recurrence interval. Analyses show that it is more costly to “climate proof” retroactively US$776,184 for a 3.2 km section ...
... A 3.2 km portion of the road section has ready been constructed, including the drainage works. The design for these was also based on an hourly rainfall of 178 mm for a 25 year recurrence interval. Analyses show that it is more costly to “climate proof” retroactively US$776,184 for a 3.2 km section ...
Lab - El Camino College
... If the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has been going up significantly since the industrial revolution, then you might expect that the temperature everywhere, including Los Angeles, has been going up since that time as well (if carbon dioxide is really a significant contributor to the gre ...
... If the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has been going up significantly since the industrial revolution, then you might expect that the temperature everywhere, including Los Angeles, has been going up since that time as well (if carbon dioxide is really a significant contributor to the gre ...
Oceans and Global Climate
... Lab exercises: Two days during the semester have been set aside for lab exercises. One exercise covers surface ocean circulation, the other covers deep ocean circulation. Both will require some computer work outside of class. The purpose of these exercises is to give you an opportunity to work with ...
... Lab exercises: Two days during the semester have been set aside for lab exercises. One exercise covers surface ocean circulation, the other covers deep ocean circulation. Both will require some computer work outside of class. The purpose of these exercises is to give you an opportunity to work with ...
Summary report of the Climate Action Seminar Series for Clean... Submitted by: Rachael Beddoe
... classes. Curt Ventriss brought his Intro to Environmental Policy class to one seminar. About 3540 of Amy Seidl’s students attended a lecture and wrote a 2-page reflection paper to receive extra credit in ENVS 1. Cecilia Dank often used topics from the series to open her NR 285 Community-based Natura ...
... classes. Curt Ventriss brought his Intro to Environmental Policy class to one seminar. About 3540 of Amy Seidl’s students attended a lecture and wrote a 2-page reflection paper to receive extra credit in ENVS 1. Cecilia Dank often used topics from the series to open her NR 285 Community-based Natura ...
Climate value at risk of global financial assets
... fall directly on the capital stock,23,24 rather than simply reducing the output that can be obtained from given capital and labour inputs (see Methods). Thus it is capable of representing the two broad ways in which climate change affects financial asset values that we identified above, and it has b ...
... fall directly on the capital stock,23,24 rather than simply reducing the output that can be obtained from given capital and labour inputs (see Methods). Thus it is capable of representing the two broad ways in which climate change affects financial asset values that we identified above, and it has b ...
Dark Skies: Volcanic Contributions to Climate Change
... Dark Skies: Volcanic Contribution to Climate Change early 1980’s. The scale, like the Richter Scale used to measure earthquakes, is logarithmic. Thus, a volcanic event that measures 3 on the scale is ten times more explosive than an event measuring 2. Single volcanic explosions that change global cl ...
... Dark Skies: Volcanic Contribution to Climate Change early 1980’s. The scale, like the Richter Scale used to measure earthquakes, is logarithmic. Thus, a volcanic event that measures 3 on the scale is ten times more explosive than an event measuring 2. Single volcanic explosions that change global cl ...
Ozone Depleting Substances Protocol
... Kyoto Protocol does not include ODS ODS produced prior to their phase out deadlines remain in legal use ...
... Kyoto Protocol does not include ODS ODS produced prior to their phase out deadlines remain in legal use ...
Health Co-benefits of Climate Change Mitigation
... It is widely assumed that the measures required to mitigate climate change will be socially and economically demanding. This is not necessarily so. Recent research indicates that overall the main policies proposed to mitigate climate change can also lead to localised improvements in the health of t ...
... It is widely assumed that the measures required to mitigate climate change will be socially and economically demanding. This is not necessarily so. Recent research indicates that overall the main policies proposed to mitigate climate change can also lead to localised improvements in the health of t ...
Changes in El Niño and La Niña teleconnections over North Pacific
... response in the tropical Pacific, thus indicating that SST over the central and eastern equatorial Pacific warms more than western equatorial and off equatorial Pacific, with a corresponding mean eastward shift of precipitation (e.g. Knutson and Manabe 1995, 1998; Meehl and Washington 1996; Cane et ...
... response in the tropical Pacific, thus indicating that SST over the central and eastern equatorial Pacific warms more than western equatorial and off equatorial Pacific, with a corresponding mean eastward shift of precipitation (e.g. Knutson and Manabe 1995, 1998; Meehl and Washington 1996; Cane et ...
PDF
... Since the optimal crop yield and fertilisation rate are highly sensible to the interpolated parameters and STICS model did not always generate reasonable simulated points, a few adaptations were added to the method developed by Godard et al. 2008: a higher weight has been given to yield simulated po ...
... Since the optimal crop yield and fertilisation rate are highly sensible to the interpolated parameters and STICS model did not always generate reasonable simulated points, a few adaptations were added to the method developed by Godard et al. 2008: a higher weight has been given to yield simulated po ...
the report
... greenhouse gas emissions nationwide, many states have chosen to take matters into their own hands. At least 15 states have passed laws that will reduce greenhouse gas emissions, including policies that limit or cap CO2 emissions and others that require a specific portion of their state’s electricity ...
... greenhouse gas emissions nationwide, many states have chosen to take matters into their own hands. At least 15 states have passed laws that will reduce greenhouse gas emissions, including policies that limit or cap CO2 emissions and others that require a specific portion of their state’s electricity ...
the full ITEP workshop booklet
... Many human activities release “greenhouse gases” into the atmosphere. The levels of these gases are increasing at a faster rate than at any time in hundreds of thousands of years. We know that green ...
... Many human activities release “greenhouse gases” into the atmosphere. The levels of these gases are increasing at a faster rate than at any time in hundreds of thousands of years. We know that green ...
Introduction of Chinese Participants
... Abstract：India's energy and climate policy will have a significant impact both on the situation of the global greenhouse gas emission and the success of the global climate cooperation afterwards Paris Climate Conference in the future. To have a clear understanding about the dynamics and the targets ...
... Abstract：India's energy and climate policy will have a significant impact both on the situation of the global greenhouse gas emission and the success of the global climate cooperation afterwards Paris Climate Conference in the future. To have a clear understanding about the dynamics and the targets ...
Atmosphere and Wind - Cabarrus County Schools
... time periods and within small geographic areas • Climate = patterns of atmospheric conditions across large geographic regions over long periods of time • Mark Twain said, “Climate is what we expect; weather is what we get” ...
... time periods and within small geographic areas • Climate = patterns of atmospheric conditions across large geographic regions over long periods of time • Mark Twain said, “Climate is what we expect; weather is what we get” ...
1 - QUBES Hub
... Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210-1293; [email protected] ...
... Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210-1293; [email protected] ...
Climate Change, Intergenerational Equity, and International Law
... LAW, COMMON PATRIMONY, AND INTERGENERATIONAL EQuITY 345-51 (1989). The footnotes below have not been modified to conform to THE BLUEBOOK: A UNIFORM SYSTEM OF CITATION (Columbia Law Review Ass'n et al. eds., 18th ed. 2005). ...
... LAW, COMMON PATRIMONY, AND INTERGENERATIONAL EQuITY 345-51 (1989). The footnotes below have not been modified to conform to THE BLUEBOOK: A UNIFORM SYSTEM OF CITATION (Columbia Law Review Ass'n et al. eds., 18th ed. 2005). ...
Means and extremes: building variability into
... predictions of climate change effects to core issues such as conservation planning (McCarty 2001). Climate change across much of the planet will include underlying increases in mean meteorological quantities (e.g. temperature, precipitation, solar radiation and wind) (‘trend effects’; Jentsch et al. ...
... predictions of climate change effects to core issues such as conservation planning (McCarty 2001). Climate change across much of the planet will include underlying increases in mean meteorological quantities (e.g. temperature, precipitation, solar radiation and wind) (‘trend effects’; Jentsch et al. ...
Atmosphere and Climate Change Section 1
... • Both the sun and volcanic eruptions influence Earth’s climate. • At a solar maximum, the sun emits an increased amount of ultraviolet (UV) radiation. • UV radiation produces more ozone, which warms the stratosphere. • The increased solar radiation can also warm the lower atmosphere and surface of ...
... • Both the sun and volcanic eruptions influence Earth’s climate. • At a solar maximum, the sun emits an increased amount of ultraviolet (UV) radiation. • UV radiation produces more ozone, which warms the stratosphere. • The increased solar radiation can also warm the lower atmosphere and surface of ...
Attribution of recent climate change
Attribution of recent climate change is the effort to scientifically ascertain mechanisms responsible for recent changes observed in the Earth's climate, commonly known as 'global warming'. The effort has focused on changes observed during the period of instrumental temperature record, when records are most reliable; particularly in the last 50 years, when human activity has grown fastest and observations of the troposphere have become available. The dominant mechanisms (to which recent climate change has been attributed) are anthropogenic, i.e., the result of human activity. They are: increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases global changes to land surface, such as deforestation increasing atmospheric concentrations of aerosols.There are also natural mechanisms for variation including climate oscillations, changes in solar activity, and volcanic activity.According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is ""extremely likely"" that human influence was the dominant cause of global warming between 1951 and 2010. The IPCC defines ""extremely likely"" as indicating a probability of 95 to 100%, based on an expert assessment of all the available evidence.Multiple lines of evidence support attribution of recent climate change to human activities: A basic physical understanding of the climate system: greenhouse gas concentrations have increased and their warming properties are well-established. Historical estimates of past climate changes suggest that the recent changes in global surface temperature are unusual. Computer-based climate models are unable to replicate the observed warming unless human greenhouse gas emissions are included. Natural forces alone (such as solar and volcanic activity) cannot explain the observed warming.The IPCC's attribution of recent global warming to human activities is a view shared by most scientists, and is also supported by 196 other scientific organizations worldwide (see also: scientific opinion on climate change).