united - Stockholm Convention
... These measures could also reduce the emissions of several other contaminants of concern (such as nitrogen and sulphur oxides and other gases, particulates, and mercury and other metals). There are, however, some potential negative impacts that need to be taken into account when considering mitigatio ...
... These measures could also reduce the emissions of several other contaminants of concern (such as nitrogen and sulphur oxides and other gases, particulates, and mercury and other metals). There are, however, some potential negative impacts that need to be taken into account when considering mitigatio ...
Environment and Climate Change Assessment
... annually in Viet Nam (Ministry of Environment 2011). There is a strong correlation between the sharp rise in absolute levels of nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides emissions and increased GDP. Particulate matter is also a problem affecting public health (World Health Organization 2005). An initiative ...
... annually in Viet Nam (Ministry of Environment 2011). There is a strong correlation between the sharp rise in absolute levels of nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides emissions and increased GDP. Particulate matter is also a problem affecting public health (World Health Organization 2005). An initiative ...
Download: swipa-spm - Arctic Monitoring and Assessment
... • The melting of land-based ice will contribute significantly to sea-level rise. If increases in greenhouse gas concentrations continue at current rates, the melting of Arctic land-based ice would contribute an estimated 25 centimeters to sea-level rise between 2006 and 2100. Many of the smallest g ...
... • The melting of land-based ice will contribute significantly to sea-level rise. If increases in greenhouse gas concentrations continue at current rates, the melting of Arctic land-based ice would contribute an estimated 25 centimeters to sea-level rise between 2006 and 2100. Many of the smallest g ...
the commander in chief`s authority to combat climate change
... that will increase geo-instability as rising sea levels threaten several small developing island-states in the Pacific. Additionally, there will likely be an increase in demand for international military humanitarian assistance and in disaster response requests. 11 Climate change is also melting pol ...
... that will increase geo-instability as rising sea levels threaten several small developing island-states in the Pacific. Additionally, there will likely be an increase in demand for international military humanitarian assistance and in disaster response requests. 11 Climate change is also melting pol ...
Modeling dynamics of tundra plant communities on the Yamal
... analysis suggests that changes in nutrient uptake rates may result in different shrub responses to grazing pressure. Heavy grazing caused plant communities to shift from shrub tundra toward moss, graminoid-dominated tundra in subzones C and D when evergreen shrub growth rates were decreased in the m ...
... analysis suggests that changes in nutrient uptake rates may result in different shrub responses to grazing pressure. Heavy grazing caused plant communities to shift from shrub tundra toward moss, graminoid-dominated tundra in subzones C and D when evergreen shrub growth rates were decreased in the m ...
Auditing the Government Response to Climate Change: Guidance
... that warming of the climate system is unequivocal, as is now evident from observations of increases in global average air and ocean temperatures, widespread melting of snow and ice, and rising global average sea level. The IPCC also states that it is very likely that global warming is caused by huma ...
... that warming of the climate system is unequivocal, as is now evident from observations of increases in global average air and ocean temperatures, widespread melting of snow and ice, and rising global average sea level. The IPCC also states that it is very likely that global warming is caused by huma ...
Queensland Climate Change Centre of
... future scenarios allows us to plan and to manage risk. Were we able to do this in relation to climate we could plan and manage risk in any area of human life influenced by climatic events. Hence, considerable resources have been devoted to climate prediction (one field of climate science). Yet even ...
... future scenarios allows us to plan and to manage risk. Were we able to do this in relation to climate we could plan and manage risk in any area of human life influenced by climatic events. Hence, considerable resources have been devoted to climate prediction (one field of climate science). Yet even ...
Poor and Powerful - the Rise of China and India and the
... political economy – for both researchers and policy makers. While we are still catching our breath, a third wave is on its way: global climate change. While seen by some as scare mongering of over-enthusiastic environmentalists, it is increasingly recognised that climate change is real and that glob ...
... political economy – for both researchers and policy makers. While we are still catching our breath, a third wave is on its way: global climate change. While seen by some as scare mongering of over-enthusiastic environmentalists, it is increasingly recognised that climate change is real and that glob ...
Seychelles National Climate Change Strategy
... ecosystems make the Seychelles extremely sensitive to climate change and its associated impacts. The impact of climate change on coastal livelihoods as a result of sea level rise, storm and tidal surges, extreme sea-surface temperatures, and coastal flooding will have serious consequences for liveli ...
... ecosystems make the Seychelles extremely sensitive to climate change and its associated impacts. The impact of climate change on coastal livelihoods as a result of sea level rise, storm and tidal surges, extreme sea-surface temperatures, and coastal flooding will have serious consequences for liveli ...
CMIP5 Projections of Arctic Amplification, of the North American
... have confirmed that our conclusions do not change when these 16 models alone are analyzed (not shown). Finally, we wish to underscore that, in order to give equal weight to all models, only a single integration from each model is used, even though ensembles of integrations are available for several ...
... have confirmed that our conclusions do not change when these 16 models alone are analyzed (not shown). Finally, we wish to underscore that, in order to give equal weight to all models, only a single integration from each model is used, even though ensembles of integrations are available for several ...
The gARNAUT ReVIeW 2011 - Garnaut Climate Change Review
... judgment about the reputable science from being right ‘on a balance of probabilities’ to ‘beyond reasonable doubt’. Chapter 2 focuses on likely amounts of greenhouse gas emissions in the absence of mitigation. It examines the effect on emissions of the big global economic developments following the ...
... judgment about the reputable science from being right ‘on a balance of probabilities’ to ‘beyond reasonable doubt’. Chapter 2 focuses on likely amounts of greenhouse gas emissions in the absence of mitigation. It examines the effect on emissions of the big global economic developments following the ...
Democracy as it Should Be
... I want to encourage our members of Congress --especially Rep. Scott Tipton --to consider legislation that would address the problem more comprehensively by putting a price on carbon. Virtually all economists, on the right as well as on the left, agree that that’s the most efficient and painless way ...
... I want to encourage our members of Congress --especially Rep. Scott Tipton --to consider legislation that would address the problem more comprehensively by putting a price on carbon. Virtually all economists, on the right as well as on the left, agree that that’s the most efficient and painless way ...
CLIMATE CHANGE: IMPACTS, VULNERABILITIES AND
... of greenhouse gases into the Earth’s atmosphere. These greenhouse gases include carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrogen dioxide (N2O), and a rise in these gases has caused a rise in the amount of heat from the sun withheld in the Earth’s atmosphere, heat that would normally be radiated back ...
... of greenhouse gases into the Earth’s atmosphere. These greenhouse gases include carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrogen dioxide (N2O), and a rise in these gases has caused a rise in the amount of heat from the sun withheld in the Earth’s atmosphere, heat that would normally be radiated back ...
Ozone: Past, Present and Future
... century from a suite of chemistry-climate models are shown in Figure 4. Global mean ozone is projected to return to 1980 values sometime during the 2030s and to 1960 values in the 2050s. Later in the century global mean ozone is projected to be higher than 1960 levels. This results from greenhouse g ...
... century from a suite of chemistry-climate models are shown in Figure 4. Global mean ozone is projected to return to 1980 values sometime during the 2030s and to 1960 values in the 2050s. Later in the century global mean ozone is projected to be higher than 1960 levels. This results from greenhouse g ...
- UNDP Climate Change Adaptation
... (EWS), small-scale flood infrastructure, land management and policies – are by their very nature public goods entailing zero cost recovery from the proposed interventions. All the interventions aim to save lives and support climate-resilient livelihoods of vulnerable communities in the country. Four ...
... (EWS), small-scale flood infrastructure, land management and policies – are by their very nature public goods entailing zero cost recovery from the proposed interventions. All the interventions aim to save lives and support climate-resilient livelihoods of vulnerable communities in the country. Four ...
Climate Change and Re-Insurance: The Human Security Issue
... policy makers. The given degree of international consensus varies greatly between those most affected by changes to climatic conditions in contrast to those who are estimated to only experience a limited effect. Controversially, it can also be claimed that some regions are set to gain from climate c ...
... policy makers. The given degree of international consensus varies greatly between those most affected by changes to climatic conditions in contrast to those who are estimated to only experience a limited effect. Controversially, it can also be claimed that some regions are set to gain from climate c ...
Connecting on Climate
... to Americans and those they love. Getting climate communication right is becoming increasingly important for at least three reasons. First, the issue and timing are both critical. The impacts of climate change are accelerating, and delaying meaningful action to reduce carbon emissions increases the ...
... to Americans and those they love. Getting climate communication right is becoming increasingly important for at least three reasons. First, the issue and timing are both critical. The impacts of climate change are accelerating, and delaying meaningful action to reduce carbon emissions increases the ...
Yukon Climate Change Indicators and Key
... In its most recent global assessment report, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) states: “Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, and since the 1950s, many of the observed changes are unprecedented over decades to millennia. The atmosphere and ocean have warmed, the amounts of ...
... In its most recent global assessment report, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) states: “Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, and since the 1950s, many of the observed changes are unprecedented over decades to millennia. The atmosphere and ocean have warmed, the amounts of ...
Combining effects of ozone and carbon dioxide application on
... century to the present at 385 ppm. There was an attempt to hinder this situation by imposing an agreement of the world congress or The Kyoto Protocol (Vasser, 2009). However, the situation has not been improved enough in term of emission reduction; particularly form the industrial base countries and ...
... century to the present at 385 ppm. There was an attempt to hinder this situation by imposing an agreement of the world congress or The Kyoto Protocol (Vasser, 2009). However, the situation has not been improved enough in term of emission reduction; particularly form the industrial base countries and ...
Extreme climatic events in relation to global change and their impact
... The recent literature covers many cases of dramatic impacts of recent extreme climatic events on animal populations. We will not consider paleo-climatological or paleontological evidence in this review. The literature on impacts of extreme events applies the terminology of meteorologists to weather ...
... The recent literature covers many cases of dramatic impacts of recent extreme climatic events on animal populations. We will not consider paleo-climatological or paleontological evidence in this review. The literature on impacts of extreme events applies the terminology of meteorologists to weather ...
The future of the Covenant of Mayors
... difficult. The goal of reducing CO2 emissions must be increased if only slightly as one of the attractions of this movement lies in its simplicity. The CoR recommends nevertheless that the more ambitious signatories consider putting in place an internal target system at various levels as well as an ...
... difficult. The goal of reducing CO2 emissions must be increased if only slightly as one of the attractions of this movement lies in its simplicity. The CoR recommends nevertheless that the more ambitious signatories consider putting in place an internal target system at various levels as well as an ...
Research
Project
of
Gerard
Cowan
... description of the different types of methodology that were used to conduct the interviews and form the adaptive capacity wheels for each sector. Chapter 3 gives general background information that is of relevance for an analysis of both the hydroelectric and drinking water systems in the Vancouver ...
... description of the different types of methodology that were used to conduct the interviews and form the adaptive capacity wheels for each sector. Chapter 3 gives general background information that is of relevance for an analysis of both the hydroelectric and drinking water systems in the Vancouver ...
An Action Theory of Adaptation to Climate Change - diss.fu
... between biophysical and social conceptions of vulnerability. They define vulnerability by the ability of individuals or social groups to adapt to external stress (p. 328). Note that this refers to potential adaptations. They also state that “adaptation is facilitated by reducing vulnerability” (p. 3 ...
... between biophysical and social conceptions of vulnerability. They define vulnerability by the ability of individuals or social groups to adapt to external stress (p. 328). Note that this refers to potential adaptations. They also state that “adaptation is facilitated by reducing vulnerability” (p. 3 ...
Fall 2013 – Imagining our Environmental Future
... renewable energy sources" (http://www.vecan.net/about/). In order to do this, VECAN takes a tri-partite approach: 1) serving as an information resource and clearing house for town energy committees through publications, conferences and consultations, 2) providing direct education and technical assi ...
... renewable energy sources" (http://www.vecan.net/about/). In order to do this, VECAN takes a tri-partite approach: 1) serving as an information resource and clearing house for town energy committees through publications, conferences and consultations, 2) providing direct education and technical assi ...
Solar radiation management
Solar radiation management (SRM) projects (proposed and theoretical) are a type of climate engineering which seek to reflect sunlight and thus reduce global warming. Proposed examples include the creation of stratospheric sulfate aerosols. They would not reduce greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere, and thus do not address problems such as ocean acidification caused by excess carbon dioxide (CO2). Their principal advantages as an approach to climate engineering is the speed with which they can be deployed and become fully active, as well as their potential low financial cost. By comparison, other climate engineering techniques based on greenhouse gas remediation, such as ocean iron fertilization, need to sequester the anthropogenic carbon excess before any reversal of global warming would occur. Solar radiation management projects can therefore be used as a climate engineering ""quick fix"" while levels of greenhouse gases can be brought under control by greenhouse gas remediation techniques.