Dr. Craig Tweedie - NSTA Learning Center
... 750 GT C •Vulnerable arctic soils: 350-900 GT C •Human C emissions: 5.4 GT C per year •1% loss arctic soil C = annual human C emissions. •Could equate to a global warming C.E. Tweedie capacity of 4-8°C. ...
... 750 GT C •Vulnerable arctic soils: 350-900 GT C •Human C emissions: 5.4 GT C per year •1% loss arctic soil C = annual human C emissions. •Could equate to a global warming C.E. Tweedie capacity of 4-8°C. ...
vsi09 cc Feres 10042752 en
... A growing number of scientific studies indicate that the rising concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere will lead to higher temperatures. General circulation models suggest that Brazil will warm less rapidly than the global average and that warming will vary by season. Temperature increa ...
... A growing number of scientific studies indicate that the rising concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere will lead to higher temperatures. General circulation models suggest that Brazil will warm less rapidly than the global average and that warming will vary by season. Temperature increa ...
Synopsis of FEWS NET-related Climate Change and Food Security
... Over the past several years, we have continued multi-disciplinary research on this topic. Our recent report in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (C7) suggests that the dangerous warming in the Indian Ocean is likely to be at least partially caused by anthropogenic greenhouse gas em ...
... Over the past several years, we have continued multi-disciplinary research on this topic. Our recent report in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (C7) suggests that the dangerous warming in the Indian Ocean is likely to be at least partially caused by anthropogenic greenhouse gas em ...
Statement of witness James E. Hansen
... latter inferred from sea level change, (C) calculated global temperature change for a climate sensitivity 3/4°C per W/m2 compared with temperatures obtained from an Antarctic ice core and global ocean sediment cores. Polar surface temperature change is about twice global temperature change as a resu ...
... latter inferred from sea level change, (C) calculated global temperature change for a climate sensitivity 3/4°C per W/m2 compared with temperatures obtained from an Antarctic ice core and global ocean sediment cores. Polar surface temperature change is about twice global temperature change as a resu ...
Document
... “Gaia: a complex entity involving the Earth's biosphere, atmosphere, oceans, and soil; the totality constituting a feedback or cybernetic system which seeks an optimal physical and chemical environment for life on this planet.” ~ James Lovelock ...
... “Gaia: a complex entity involving the Earth's biosphere, atmosphere, oceans, and soil; the totality constituting a feedback or cybernetic system which seeks an optimal physical and chemical environment for life on this planet.” ~ James Lovelock ...
Ozone Depleting Substances Protocol
... Montreal Protocol stops at production of CFCs and other ODS Kyoto Protocol does not include ODS ODS produced prior to their phase out deadlines remain in legal use ...
... Montreal Protocol stops at production of CFCs and other ODS Kyoto Protocol does not include ODS ODS produced prior to their phase out deadlines remain in legal use ...
Transformative ecosystem change and ecohydrology
... We have entered an era that is increasingly dominated by transformative change. As a result of human activities (Steffen et al., 2007; Steffen, 2008), our forests and rangelands are changing at an unprecedented rate (Bonan, 2008; Jackson et al., 2008). Understanding how these changes affect the wate ...
... We have entered an era that is increasingly dominated by transformative change. As a result of human activities (Steffen et al., 2007; Steffen, 2008), our forests and rangelands are changing at an unprecedented rate (Bonan, 2008; Jackson et al., 2008). Understanding how these changes affect the wate ...
The climate debate in the USA - The Global Warming Policy
... The first argument was the social cost of carbon, which is an economic argument that assesses the cost–benefit of regulatory actions that impact carbon dioxide emissions. This argument has been challenged because the costs and benefits, estimated over 300 years, are highly uncertain and contested. H ...
... The first argument was the social cost of carbon, which is an economic argument that assesses the cost–benefit of regulatory actions that impact carbon dioxide emissions. This argument has been challenged because the costs and benefits, estimated over 300 years, are highly uncertain and contested. H ...
Savannas and the carbon storage story
... quantities of CO2 are being abated in this work, as outlined above, they cannot currently be counted in the official figures. Even so, methane and nitrous gas emissions, which can be counted, and are equivalent to more than 250,000 tonnes of CO 2, were abated by the project in its first two years. I ...
... quantities of CO2 are being abated in this work, as outlined above, they cannot currently be counted in the official figures. Even so, methane and nitrous gas emissions, which can be counted, and are equivalent to more than 250,000 tonnes of CO 2, were abated by the project in its first two years. I ...
Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) Drivers, Needs
... Nationally appropriate mitigation actions (NAMAs) are to be undertaken by developing country Parties in the context of sustainable development, supported and enabled by technology, financing and capacity building, in a measurable, reportable and verifiable (MRV) manner. ...
... Nationally appropriate mitigation actions (NAMAs) are to be undertaken by developing country Parties in the context of sustainable development, supported and enabled by technology, financing and capacity building, in a measurable, reportable and verifiable (MRV) manner. ...
Climate Change - Important Decisions Between Late
... agreement in place by the end of 2015. As part of this, New Zealand will be expected to table a post-2020 emissions reduction target in the middle of 2015. Ministers will need to balance a range of competing objectives in shaping the target, [3, 5] . The Minister for Climate Change Issues may bring ...
... agreement in place by the end of 2015. As part of this, New Zealand will be expected to table a post-2020 emissions reduction target in the middle of 2015. Ministers will need to balance a range of competing objectives in shaping the target, [3, 5] . The Minister for Climate Change Issues may bring ...
SCIENCE SuMMARY - Chesapeake PSR
... greenhouse gas emissions. Unfortunately, this does not account for scale effects of substitution over the entire economy or pre combustion life-cycle emissions of methane. Recent research1, using five independent integrated models, indicates that global increased natural gas consumption will have li ...
... greenhouse gas emissions. Unfortunately, this does not account for scale effects of substitution over the entire economy or pre combustion life-cycle emissions of methane. Recent research1, using five independent integrated models, indicates that global increased natural gas consumption will have li ...
Teacher notes and student sheets
... deaths for $380 billion. Tackling malaria could save 36 000 deaths for $3 billion. Polar bears – implementing Kyoto might save 1 polar bear a year but we shoot 300-500 bears a year. ...
... deaths for $380 billion. Tackling malaria could save 36 000 deaths for $3 billion. Polar bears – implementing Kyoto might save 1 polar bear a year but we shoot 300-500 bears a year. ...
Climate Change: Causes, Impacts and Adaptation
... by the Earth system, Earth warms. When the sun’s energy is reflected back into space, Earth avoids warming. When energy is released back into space, Earth cools. Many factors, both natural and human, can cause changes in Earth’s energy balance, including: • Changes in the greenhouse effect, which af ...
... by the Earth system, Earth warms. When the sun’s energy is reflected back into space, Earth avoids warming. When energy is released back into space, Earth cools. Many factors, both natural and human, can cause changes in Earth’s energy balance, including: • Changes in the greenhouse effect, which af ...
Climate change tendencies in Georgia under global warming
... 1. Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, 2. Georgian Technical University, Institute of Hydrometeorology ...
... 1. Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, 2. Georgian Technical University, Institute of Hydrometeorology ...
Unit 12 : Earth`s Changing Climate
... Scientists cannot measure CO2 levels during the Eocene—there are no ice cores because there is no ice this old—but from indirect measurements of ocean chemistry they estimate that atmospheric CO2 levels were three to ten times higher than pre-industrial levels (280 ppm). These concentrations were pr ...
... Scientists cannot measure CO2 levels during the Eocene—there are no ice cores because there is no ice this old—but from indirect measurements of ocean chemistry they estimate that atmospheric CO2 levels were three to ten times higher than pre-industrial levels (280 ppm). These concentrations were pr ...
SSR2006_ Effects of Climate Change_Toole
... levels the customer typically or historically has consumed. This may occur in response to incentives specifically design to accomplish that result (active) or by voluntary means (passive). “Price elasticity” is a term often applied in the debate over conservation alternatives. It is defined as the p ...
... levels the customer typically or historically has consumed. This may occur in response to incentives specifically design to accomplish that result (active) or by voluntary means (passive). “Price elasticity” is a term often applied in the debate over conservation alternatives. It is defined as the p ...
The Semantics of Climate Change and Global Warming
... 2011). Villar and Krosnick (2010) even argue that at a population level, the choice of words doesn’t have a large effect on people’s perceptions of the seriousness of the problem, but that among different subpopulations it can make a big difference. This disparity between how climate change and glob ...
... 2011). Villar and Krosnick (2010) even argue that at a population level, the choice of words doesn’t have a large effect on people’s perceptions of the seriousness of the problem, but that among different subpopulations it can make a big difference. This disparity between how climate change and glob ...
Activity 1: Climate timeline (PDF 70KB)
... trapped between the snow flakes as the ice builds up on the continent. We can bring the ice cores back to the laboratory, crack open the bubbles which are like tiny time capsules of past atmosphere and analyse them to determine past levels of greenhouse gases. What we find is really startling. The c ...
... trapped between the snow flakes as the ice builds up on the continent. We can bring the ice cores back to the laboratory, crack open the bubbles which are like tiny time capsules of past atmosphere and analyse them to determine past levels of greenhouse gases. What we find is really startling. The c ...
COP 17 article
... views about the key issues between several countries and negotiation blocs. South Africa wishes to gather African countries around a common position in order for the continent to be listened to during the debates. Reaching a consensus, as in Cancun, remains the major goal of COP 17. About an eventua ...
... views about the key issues between several countries and negotiation blocs. South Africa wishes to gather African countries around a common position in order for the continent to be listened to during the debates. Reaching a consensus, as in Cancun, remains the major goal of COP 17. About an eventua ...
Aviva`s strategic response to climate change
... a positive contribution to society now and in the future. We are all about longevity – because we manage and mitigate long term risks. And there is no greater collective risk we face today than tackling climate change. If we do not take urgent action to limit global temperature increases to within 2 ...
... a positive contribution to society now and in the future. We are all about longevity – because we manage and mitigate long term risks. And there is no greater collective risk we face today than tackling climate change. If we do not take urgent action to limit global temperature increases to within 2 ...
Aerosol-induced thermal effects increase modelled terrestrial
... the potential to feed back on climate. It has been suggested that terrestrial photosynthetic rates can be enhanced by aerosol haze and/or cloudiness increasing diffuse light on shaded leaves (Roderick et al., 2001; Gu et al., 2003). Those studies, which investigate the effects of Mount Pinatubo aero ...
... the potential to feed back on climate. It has been suggested that terrestrial photosynthetic rates can be enhanced by aerosol haze and/or cloudiness increasing diffuse light on shaded leaves (Roderick et al., 2001; Gu et al., 2003). Those studies, which investigate the effects of Mount Pinatubo aero ...
Adapting to Climate Change
... Responding to climate-related risks involves decision-making in a changing world, with continuing uncertainty about the severity and timing of climate-change impacts and with limits to the effectiveness of adaptation (high confidence). Risk management provides a useful framework for most climate cha ...
... Responding to climate-related risks involves decision-making in a changing world, with continuing uncertainty about the severity and timing of climate-change impacts and with limits to the effectiveness of adaptation (high confidence). Risk management provides a useful framework for most climate cha ...
Solar radiation management
Solar radiation management (SRM) projects (proposed and theoretical) are a type of climate engineering which seek to reflect sunlight and thus reduce global warming. Proposed examples include the creation of stratospheric sulfate aerosols. They would not reduce greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere, and thus do not address problems such as ocean acidification caused by excess carbon dioxide (CO2). Their principal advantages as an approach to climate engineering is the speed with which they can be deployed and become fully active, as well as their potential low financial cost. By comparison, other climate engineering techniques based on greenhouse gas remediation, such as ocean iron fertilization, need to sequester the anthropogenic carbon excess before any reversal of global warming would occur. Solar radiation management projects can therefore be used as a climate engineering ""quick fix"" while levels of greenhouse gases can be brought under control by greenhouse gas remediation techniques.