C
... oupled climate models are sophisticated tools designed to simulate the Earth climate system and the complex interactions between its components. Currently, more than a dozen centers around the world develop climate models to enhance our understanding of climate and climate change and to support the ...
... oupled climate models are sophisticated tools designed to simulate the Earth climate system and the complex interactions between its components. Currently, more than a dozen centers around the world develop climate models to enhance our understanding of climate and climate change and to support the ...
Mainstreaming Climate Change into National Urban Policies Background Paper
... This population growth has gone hand in hand with economic transformation and for many countries urbanization has been an important driver of national development. But it has also put tremendous pressure on infrastructure, services, livelihoods and the environment. Climate change is increasingly exa ...
... This population growth has gone hand in hand with economic transformation and for many countries urbanization has been an important driver of national development. But it has also put tremendous pressure on infrastructure, services, livelihoods and the environment. Climate change is increasingly exa ...
TOL/Yohe
... Conclusion about the results • there are many perspectives to view the future costs and benefits policies to slow global warming • these figures illustrate that it is not only the discount rate which determines the carbon tax – but the combination of the discount rate and consumtion elasticity work ...
... Conclusion about the results • there are many perspectives to view the future costs and benefits policies to slow global warming • these figures illustrate that it is not only the discount rate which determines the carbon tax – but the combination of the discount rate and consumtion elasticity work ...
EPA: planned GEOS-Chem / CMAQ interface
... – If 4×5, > 10 CMAQ grids to 1 GEOS-CHEM grid along vertical boundaries – Different projections (cartesian vs conformal) ...
... – If 4×5, > 10 CMAQ grids to 1 GEOS-CHEM grid along vertical boundaries – Different projections (cartesian vs conformal) ...
the calm before the storm
... climate change and will suffer increased crop losses due to weather extremes. Brazil is one of the world’s biggest emitters of greenhouse gases, with most of the country’s CO2e emissions being caused by changes in land use, agriculture and forestry12. Coffee growing itself, involving forest clearanc ...
... climate change and will suffer increased crop losses due to weather extremes. Brazil is one of the world’s biggest emitters of greenhouse gases, with most of the country’s CO2e emissions being caused by changes in land use, agriculture and forestry12. Coffee growing itself, involving forest clearanc ...
Effects of systematic biases in the stratosphere on the tropospheric
... Naturally climate models include a number of simplifications at the level of the underlying equations, the range of represented processes, or in the numerical implementation. This study is concerned with the simplification in the representation of the stratosphere in comprehensive climate models, as ...
... Naturally climate models include a number of simplifications at the level of the underlying equations, the range of represented processes, or in the numerical implementation. This study is concerned with the simplification in the representation of the stratosphere in comprehensive climate models, as ...
First Meeting of the Conference of African Heads of State
... • Long term Finance: In the context of meaningful mitigation actions and transparency on implementation, developed countries commit to a goal of mobilizing jointly USD 100 billion dollars a year by 2020 to address the needs of developing countries. C- Channels of Funding: • New multilateral funding ...
... • Long term Finance: In the context of meaningful mitigation actions and transparency on implementation, developed countries commit to a goal of mobilizing jointly USD 100 billion dollars a year by 2020 to address the needs of developing countries. C- Channels of Funding: • New multilateral funding ...
PDF
... Copyright 2011 by Phouphet KYOPHILAVONG and Shinya TAKAMATSU. All rights reserved. Readers may make verbatim copies of this document for non-commercial purposes by any means, provided that this copyright notice appears on all such copies. ...
... Copyright 2011 by Phouphet KYOPHILAVONG and Shinya TAKAMATSU. All rights reserved. Readers may make verbatim copies of this document for non-commercial purposes by any means, provided that this copyright notice appears on all such copies. ...
IFC`s Definitions and Metrics for Climate
... i. Industrial energy efficiency improvements in existing facilities through the installation of more-efficient17 equipment, changes in processes, reduction of heat losses, and greater waste heat recovery18 ii. Installation in existing facilities of co- or tri-generation equipment iii. Implementation ...
... i. Industrial energy efficiency improvements in existing facilities through the installation of more-efficient17 equipment, changes in processes, reduction of heat losses, and greater waste heat recovery18 ii. Installation in existing facilities of co- or tri-generation equipment iii. Implementation ...
the european investment bank
... 3 steps are required to count project activities as adaptation: Setting out the climate vulnerability context of the project. Vulnerability is a function of the character, magnitude, and rate of climate change and variation to which a system is exposed, its sensitivity, and its adaptive capacity M ...
... 3 steps are required to count project activities as adaptation: Setting out the climate vulnerability context of the project. Vulnerability is a function of the character, magnitude, and rate of climate change and variation to which a system is exposed, its sensitivity, and its adaptive capacity M ...
Presentation Slides - Association for the Advancement of
... Fact: “Climate change is occurring, is caused largely by human activities and poses significant risks for – and in many cases is already affecting – a broad range of human and natural systems.” ...
... Fact: “Climate change is occurring, is caused largely by human activities and poses significant risks for – and in many cases is already affecting – a broad range of human and natural systems.” ...
Climate change and its gendered impacts on agriculture in Vietnam
... in income gaps, which likely increases their risk of disaster when one of their sources is strongly affected by climate (VDR)” (Nghiem et al., 2010). Vietnam began its transition from a centrally planned economy to a market oriented economy since 1986; the central role that the state played in colle ...
... in income gaps, which likely increases their risk of disaster when one of their sources is strongly affected by climate (VDR)” (Nghiem et al., 2010). Vietnam began its transition from a centrally planned economy to a market oriented economy since 1986; the central role that the state played in colle ...
The Non-Regulatory Alternatives to GHG Regulations
... Ansolabehere, S., J. Deutch, M. Driscoll, P.E. Gray, J..P. Holdren, P.L. Joskow, R.K. Lester, E.J. Moniz, and N.E. Dodreas (2003). The Future of Nuclear Power: An Interdisciplinary MIT Study, Cambridge, MA: Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Barrett, S. (2006a) “Climate Treaties and ‘Breakthroug ...
... Ansolabehere, S., J. Deutch, M. Driscoll, P.E. Gray, J..P. Holdren, P.L. Joskow, R.K. Lester, E.J. Moniz, and N.E. Dodreas (2003). The Future of Nuclear Power: An Interdisciplinary MIT Study, Cambridge, MA: Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Barrett, S. (2006a) “Climate Treaties and ‘Breakthroug ...
PDF 4MB - Parliament of Australia
... CSIRO relies on unscientific Australian and overseas remodelling of data that have made warming trends from actual cooling trends. CSIRO failed to do its due diligence on the data on which it relies. CSIRO’s approach on climate has serious scientific deficiencies. Instead of policy based ‘evidence’ ...
... CSIRO relies on unscientific Australian and overseas remodelling of data that have made warming trends from actual cooling trends. CSIRO failed to do its due diligence on the data on which it relies. CSIRO’s approach on climate has serious scientific deficiencies. Instead of policy based ‘evidence’ ...
2011 Duffy
... satisfies the needs of local communities, often through traditional management and land tenure systems in rural areas. These communities will need useable information, as well as technical advice on how to reduce stressors on changing ecosystems such as wetlands, mangrove forests and coral reefs, if ...
... satisfies the needs of local communities, often through traditional management and land tenure systems in rural areas. These communities will need useable information, as well as technical advice on how to reduce stressors on changing ecosystems such as wetlands, mangrove forests and coral reefs, if ...
submission for the carbon tax bill
... of the AGW(anthropogenic global warming) theory started to gain currency, I was rather bemused by the passions which were aroused in my colleagues and the gullibility with which predictions of future climate disaster were accepted. Surely the jury is still out, I thought……..The implication is that c ...
... of the AGW(anthropogenic global warming) theory started to gain currency, I was rather bemused by the passions which were aroused in my colleagues and the gullibility with which predictions of future climate disaster were accepted. Surely the jury is still out, I thought……..The implication is that c ...
ppt - UMD | Atmospheric and Oceanic Science
... Clim: MSLP (hPa) ERA40 and QuikScat sfc winds (m/s) ...
... Clim: MSLP (hPa) ERA40 and QuikScat sfc winds (m/s) ...
question proforma (Word) - Committee on Climate Change
... smoothing of these annual fluctuations, while allowing for monitoring of progress towards longer-term emission reduction targets. Targets on an absolute basis allow for assessment towards total cumulative emissions; however, revisions to the greenhouse gas inventory can make them harder or easier to ...
... smoothing of these annual fluctuations, while allowing for monitoring of progress towards longer-term emission reduction targets. Targets on an absolute basis allow for assessment towards total cumulative emissions; however, revisions to the greenhouse gas inventory can make them harder or easier to ...
English
... As in the original report, climate-related geoengineering is defined as a deliberate intervention in the planetary environment of a nature and scale intended to counteract anthropogenic climate change and its impacts. This definition is used for the purposes of the 2015 Update without prejudice to a ...
... As in the original report, climate-related geoengineering is defined as a deliberate intervention in the planetary environment of a nature and scale intended to counteract anthropogenic climate change and its impacts. This definition is used for the purposes of the 2015 Update without prejudice to a ...
English - Inter-American Development Bank
... Quito, Ecuador; and Bogotá, Colombia—were covered with ice until approximately 12,000 years ago. And many of today’s deserts were once covered by lush forests. In these cases, transformations were due to natural phenomena. But today, climate changes aren’t just coming from natural causes; they are a ...
... Quito, Ecuador; and Bogotá, Colombia—were covered with ice until approximately 12,000 years ago. And many of today’s deserts were once covered by lush forests. In these cases, transformations were due to natural phenomena. But today, climate changes aren’t just coming from natural causes; they are a ...
`Second opinion` on Örebro kommun`s Green Bond Framework
... sound framework for climate-friendly investments. The green bond framework lists eligible projects that are supportive of the objective of promoting a transition to low-carbon and climate-resilient growth and is supported by a strong governance structure. The province has ambitious mitigation and ad ...
... sound framework for climate-friendly investments. The green bond framework lists eligible projects that are supportive of the objective of promoting a transition to low-carbon and climate-resilient growth and is supported by a strong governance structure. The province has ambitious mitigation and ad ...
Small States and the Commonwealth
... The vulnerability of small states, however, does not stop there. Small states are less able than large states to cope with environmental degradation, natural disasters and the impacts of global climate change. The Commonwealth Response Our work draws international attention to the inherent vulnerabi ...
... The vulnerability of small states, however, does not stop there. Small states are less able than large states to cope with environmental degradation, natural disasters and the impacts of global climate change. The Commonwealth Response Our work draws international attention to the inherent vulnerabi ...
beyond reaction
... involves considering the actions necessary to identify, analyse, evaluate, control and reduce risks, taking into account their many factors within a framework of a changing process that involves governments (local, national and regional) and civil society. Public policies, strategies and procedures ...
... involves considering the actions necessary to identify, analyse, evaluate, control and reduce risks, taking into account their many factors within a framework of a changing process that involves governments (local, national and regional) and civil society. Public policies, strategies and procedures ...
Solar radiation management
Solar radiation management (SRM) projects (proposed and theoretical) are a type of climate engineering which seek to reflect sunlight and thus reduce global warming. Proposed examples include the creation of stratospheric sulfate aerosols. They would not reduce greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere, and thus do not address problems such as ocean acidification caused by excess carbon dioxide (CO2). Their principal advantages as an approach to climate engineering is the speed with which they can be deployed and become fully active, as well as their potential low financial cost. By comparison, other climate engineering techniques based on greenhouse gas remediation, such as ocean iron fertilization, need to sequester the anthropogenic carbon excess before any reversal of global warming would occur. Solar radiation management projects can therefore be used as a climate engineering ""quick fix"" while levels of greenhouse gases can be brought under control by greenhouse gas remediation techniques.