Modeling the Monsoons in a Changing Climate
... temperature and atmospheric moisture content are inherently related the obvious question is how the global hydrological cycle will respond to changes in temperature. Observations over the last 1000 years indicate that carbon dioxide (CO2) amount has increased by 25% since the industrial revolution, ...
... temperature and atmospheric moisture content are inherently related the obvious question is how the global hydrological cycle will respond to changes in temperature. Observations over the last 1000 years indicate that carbon dioxide (CO2) amount has increased by 25% since the industrial revolution, ...
... release from lakes, potentially causing their emissions to increase 20-50 percent before the end of this century. Such a change they postulate would likely generate a positive feedback on future warming, causing emissions to increase even further. The one point that all the studies agree on is that ...
Towards a typology for constrained climate model forecasts
... down by an arbitrary parameter representing uncertainty in the response magnitude. The goodness-of-fit between individual members of this pseudo-ensemble are then evaluated with some kind of weighted sum of squares, with the expected model-data differences due to internal climate variability, observa ...
... down by an arbitrary parameter representing uncertainty in the response magnitude. The goodness-of-fit between individual members of this pseudo-ensemble are then evaluated with some kind of weighted sum of squares, with the expected model-data differences due to internal climate variability, observa ...
How is Circulation in Puget Sound Projected to Change?
... Circulation in Puget Sound is projected to be affected by declining summer precipitation, increasing sea surface temperatures, shifting streamflow timing, increasing heavy precipitation, and declining snowpack. While ...
... Circulation in Puget Sound is projected to be affected by declining summer precipitation, increasing sea surface temperatures, shifting streamflow timing, increasing heavy precipitation, and declining snowpack. While ...
Word - war changes climate
... act to ensure that the climate convention serves a purpose. "Our first goal is a follow-up conference to the Climate Convention where we can get down to serious business," he declared at the end of the Earth Summit in Rio.19 As other voices have also commented that while the results were not optimal ...
... act to ensure that the climate convention serves a purpose. "Our first goal is a follow-up conference to the Climate Convention where we can get down to serious business," he declared at the end of the Earth Summit in Rio.19 As other voices have also commented that while the results were not optimal ...
Word - Oceanclimate.de
... act to ensure that the climate convention serves a purpose. "Our first goal is a follow-up conference to the Climate Convention where we can get down to serious business," he declared at the end of the Earth Summit in Rio.19 As other voices have also commented that while the results were not optimal ...
... act to ensure that the climate convention serves a purpose. "Our first goal is a follow-up conference to the Climate Convention where we can get down to serious business," he declared at the end of the Earth Summit in Rio.19 As other voices have also commented that while the results were not optimal ...
A 400-year Tree-ring Chronology from the Tropical Treeline of North
... records, about two centuries ago (5), and since the start of the millennium as reconstructed using proxy climate data (6). Several lines of evidence suggest that temperatures are rising in tropical regions, which occupy a critical role in the hydrological cycle (7). Freezing-level height, or the ele ...
... records, about two centuries ago (5), and since the start of the millennium as reconstructed using proxy climate data (6). Several lines of evidence suggest that temperatures are rising in tropical regions, which occupy a critical role in the hydrological cycle (7). Freezing-level height, or the ele ...
A Structural Land-Use Analysis of Agricultural Adaptation to Climate
... perfectly functioning markets for the development of new adaptation technologies and methods. However, such markets might suffer from market failures, which might be due to the free-riding phenomenon associated with the public-good nature of knowledge in general, and more specifically to the uncert ...
... perfectly functioning markets for the development of new adaptation technologies and methods. However, such markets might suffer from market failures, which might be due to the free-riding phenomenon associated with the public-good nature of knowledge in general, and more specifically to the uncert ...
Ocean Circulation and Climate: an Overview
... melt and stratification. Crevassing due to warming atmospheric temperatures and subsurface warm currents under ice shelves may also drive non-linear responses of ice melt to anthropogenic warming with potential for significant sea-level rise (DeConto and Pollard, 2016). These processes are currently ...
... melt and stratification. Crevassing due to warming atmospheric temperatures and subsurface warm currents under ice shelves may also drive non-linear responses of ice melt to anthropogenic warming with potential for significant sea-level rise (DeConto and Pollard, 2016). These processes are currently ...
History of climate negotiations
... History of climate negotiations June 1988: At the World Conference on the Changing Atmosphere in Toronto, politicians and scientists conclude that "humanity is conducting an unintended, uncontrolled, globally pervasive experiment whose ultimate consequences could be second only to a global nuclear w ...
... History of climate negotiations June 1988: At the World Conference on the Changing Atmosphere in Toronto, politicians and scientists conclude that "humanity is conducting an unintended, uncontrolled, globally pervasive experiment whose ultimate consequences could be second only to a global nuclear w ...
Land, Water, and Forests: - Global Environment Facility
... But the threat of climate change in Africa is not just a concern for its people. It is also a matter of immense importance to the global community. Undoubtedly, the risk of expanding land degradation and desertification, increased deforestation, and water scarcity threatens to hasten a major global ...
... But the threat of climate change in Africa is not just a concern for its people. It is also a matter of immense importance to the global community. Undoubtedly, the risk of expanding land degradation and desertification, increased deforestation, and water scarcity threatens to hasten a major global ...
Where We Are Now - Edinburgh Research Explorer
... its own merits but as the means by which that “universal emulator”, utilitarianism, might best secure its ultimate end.15 Within that context, however, and although one might quibble about the inclusion or exclusion of particular papers, the selection can be taken as a more or less representative sn ...
... its own merits but as the means by which that “universal emulator”, utilitarianism, might best secure its ultimate end.15 Within that context, however, and although one might quibble about the inclusion or exclusion of particular papers, the selection can be taken as a more or less representative sn ...
1.4 MB - about undp maldives
... segregation or recycling, nor is there any established mechanism or system to deal with hazardous waste including POPs. It is extremely important that adaptation measures focused on coastal zone management include this issue, a priority area identified by all communities in the Maldives. ...
... segregation or recycling, nor is there any established mechanism or system to deal with hazardous waste including POPs. It is extremely important that adaptation measures focused on coastal zone management include this issue, a priority area identified by all communities in the Maldives. ...
Interesting times: winners, losers, and system shifts under climate
... Winners, losers, and system shifts under climate change around Australia and quite complex ecology, including a size-resolved microbial web; nutrient, light, and space-based primary production; 37 age-structured ecological groups (from forage fish to top predators, listed in Supplementary Table A1) ...
... Winners, losers, and system shifts under climate change around Australia and quite complex ecology, including a size-resolved microbial web; nutrient, light, and space-based primary production; 37 age-structured ecological groups (from forage fish to top predators, listed in Supplementary Table A1) ...
challenges for future sustainable water resources management in
... projects. As a consequence, large regions of the world are starting to become heavily dependent upon groundwater for domestic water and agricultural irrigation - such as in Thailand where conjunctive use patterns are being investigated as a viable alternative for rice cultivation (Bejranonda et al., ...
... projects. As a consequence, large regions of the world are starting to become heavily dependent upon groundwater for domestic water and agricultural irrigation - such as in Thailand where conjunctive use patterns are being investigated as a viable alternative for rice cultivation (Bejranonda et al., ...
Build A Unit! Unit Planning Pack with Resources Subject Area/Grade
... atmospheric composition, and volcanic activity. (See ESS3.D for a detailed discussion of human activities and global climate change.) When ocean currents change their flow patterns, such as during El Niño Southern Oscillation conditions, some global regions become warmer or wetter and others become ...
... atmospheric composition, and volcanic activity. (See ESS3.D for a detailed discussion of human activities and global climate change.) When ocean currents change their flow patterns, such as during El Niño Southern Oscillation conditions, some global regions become warmer or wetter and others become ...
Adapting agriculture to climate change
... The farming community is sceptical about the reality of climate change or, at very least, about the need for action now. Generally, education and extension work around adaptation does not engage in this debate. Rather, the message is about the need for actions that address climate variability and so ...
... The farming community is sceptical about the reality of climate change or, at very least, about the need for action now. Generally, education and extension work around adaptation does not engage in this debate. Rather, the message is about the need for actions that address climate variability and so ...
Poverty and climate change: Natural disasters, agricultural
... timely fashion to those who need it can help avoid long-term, irreversible consequences and poverty traps (Pelham et al. 2011). ...
... timely fashion to those who need it can help avoid long-term, irreversible consequences and poverty traps (Pelham et al. 2011). ...
Infrastructure in Washington (PDF)
... River Basin. The model simulated current operating policies for historical streamflow conditions and for projected flow for the 2040s and 2080s associated with the Echam5 global climate model run with the A1B greenhouse gas emissions scenario. For more on climate scenarios, see Section 3 of this rep ...
... River Basin. The model simulated current operating policies for historical streamflow conditions and for projected flow for the 2040s and 2080s associated with the Echam5 global climate model run with the A1B greenhouse gas emissions scenario. For more on climate scenarios, see Section 3 of this rep ...
Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions
... auctioning provides for reinvestment of money in programs such as energy efficiency or clean energy development, where both consumer and energy costs are reduced. Although economists tend to agree that auctioning is the most efficient distribution approach, there is pressure to allow free allocation ...
... auctioning provides for reinvestment of money in programs such as energy efficiency or clean energy development, where both consumer and energy costs are reduced. Although economists tend to agree that auctioning is the most efficient distribution approach, there is pressure to allow free allocation ...
The Australian Aerosol and Climate Research Program: A
... accurately represented in ACCESS. This will include verification studies. Long-term program combining climate models with observations to ensure that feedbacks are being adequately captured. Immediate- to long-term program to continue accurate incorporation of climate change science in projections f ...
... accurately represented in ACCESS. This will include verification studies. Long-term program combining climate models with observations to ensure that feedbacks are being adequately captured. Immediate- to long-term program to continue accurate incorporation of climate change science in projections f ...
Attribution of Weather and Climate-Related Extreme Events
... What is often lacking is a fully informed and timely response based on the best available science that enables the public and decision makers to put such events into the context of both natural variability and climate change. Ideally one would wish such assessments to be issued regularly as in the c ...
... What is often lacking is a fully informed and timely response based on the best available science that enables the public and decision makers to put such events into the context of both natural variability and climate change. Ideally one would wish such assessments to be issued regularly as in the c ...
Observed Climate Change and the Negligible Global Effect of
... climate than do long-term trends. Such short-term variability will continue dominating Ohio’s climate into the future. We find that there is little, if any, indication from the state’s observed climate history that “global warming” has manifest itself in any detectable (much less negative) way on th ...
... climate than do long-term trends. Such short-term variability will continue dominating Ohio’s climate into the future. We find that there is little, if any, indication from the state’s observed climate history that “global warming” has manifest itself in any detectable (much less negative) way on th ...
Dawson et al. 2011
... species. However, exposure is only one of many factors determining the impacts of climate change. Assessment of vulnerability must also include climate sensitivity and adaptive capacity (5) (Box 1). Complementary methodologies are available that tell us much more about natural responses to climate c ...
... species. However, exposure is only one of many factors determining the impacts of climate change. Assessment of vulnerability must also include climate sensitivity and adaptive capacity (5) (Box 1). Complementary methodologies are available that tell us much more about natural responses to climate c ...
Solar radiation management
Solar radiation management (SRM) projects (proposed and theoretical) are a type of climate engineering which seek to reflect sunlight and thus reduce global warming. Proposed examples include the creation of stratospheric sulfate aerosols. They would not reduce greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere, and thus do not address problems such as ocean acidification caused by excess carbon dioxide (CO2). Their principal advantages as an approach to climate engineering is the speed with which they can be deployed and become fully active, as well as their potential low financial cost. By comparison, other climate engineering techniques based on greenhouse gas remediation, such as ocean iron fertilization, need to sequester the anthropogenic carbon excess before any reversal of global warming would occur. Solar radiation management projects can therefore be used as a climate engineering ""quick fix"" while levels of greenhouse gases can be brought under control by greenhouse gas remediation techniques.