Effects of Global Climate Change at the Virginia Coast Reserve
... state change. For the purposes of this project, we have made the following assumptions: • By 2100, sea level will rise by approximately 1 meter, air temperature will increase between roughly 3.5°F and 8°F, resulting in indeterminate increases in water temperature of coastal bays. • Increased intensi ...
... state change. For the purposes of this project, we have made the following assumptions: • By 2100, sea level will rise by approximately 1 meter, air temperature will increase between roughly 3.5°F and 8°F, resulting in indeterminate increases in water temperature of coastal bays. • Increased intensi ...
5b2014 - Maa- ja metsätalousministeriö
... i.e. benefits that the nature produces for us humans. The most important means of mitigating the risks associated with climate change is to reduce greenhouse gas emissions on the global scale. Climate change adaptation is closely linked to the international efforts to succeed in climate change mitig ...
... i.e. benefits that the nature produces for us humans. The most important means of mitigating the risks associated with climate change is to reduce greenhouse gas emissions on the global scale. Climate change adaptation is closely linked to the international efforts to succeed in climate change mitig ...
Greenwashing eco(?)tourism in New Zealand: What climate change?
... but provide a link to the interrelated poverty agenda. Four key areas that will require action were agreed upon: Mitigate greenhouse gas emissions from the tourism sector (especially from transport and accommodation activities) Adapt tourism businesses and destinations to changing climate condit ...
... but provide a link to the interrelated poverty agenda. Four key areas that will require action were agreed upon: Mitigate greenhouse gas emissions from the tourism sector (especially from transport and accommodation activities) Adapt tourism businesses and destinations to changing climate condit ...
Climate Change in Levelock, Alaska
... conditions and communities of plants and animals. Levelock is part of the “Bristol Bay Lowlands”, Bering Taiga ecosystem of Western Alaska. (Spencer et al. 2007). Coastal areas in Bristol Bay are characterized generally by wetlands and tundra, largely treeless and dotted by thousands of lakes. The f ...
... conditions and communities of plants and animals. Levelock is part of the “Bristol Bay Lowlands”, Bering Taiga ecosystem of Western Alaska. (Spencer et al. 2007). Coastal areas in Bristol Bay are characterized generally by wetlands and tundra, largely treeless and dotted by thousands of lakes. The f ...
Biodiversity and Climate Change in Ireland
... • and complying with environmental legislation and agreements (EPA, 2008). Therefore the commissioning of a briefing paper on the impacts of climate change on biodiversity in Ireland is timely, not least since the Biodiversity Forum concludes that climate change is having and will continue to have a ...
... • and complying with environmental legislation and agreements (EPA, 2008). Therefore the commissioning of a briefing paper on the impacts of climate change on biodiversity in Ireland is timely, not least since the Biodiversity Forum concludes that climate change is having and will continue to have a ...
Tipping elements and climate-economic shocks: Pathways toward
... horizon of socio-economic relevance. For example, paleoclimatic evidence from the Last Interglacial suggests that the committed response to 2°C global warming above pre-Industrial temperatures may be about 6–9 m of GMSL rise [Kopp et al., 2009], but if these 6–9 m were to take millennia to be realiz ...
... horizon of socio-economic relevance. For example, paleoclimatic evidence from the Last Interglacial suggests that the committed response to 2°C global warming above pre-Industrial temperatures may be about 6–9 m of GMSL rise [Kopp et al., 2009], but if these 6–9 m were to take millennia to be realiz ...
The Future of the Thermohaline Circulation – A
... from the Greenland ice sheet. They serve as model events although it should be noted that they are signals at a very remote and special location on the planet. Dansgaard et al. (1993) counted 24 of these abrupt events that are now referred to as Dansgaard/Oeschger (D/O) events. Their evolution bears ...
... from the Greenland ice sheet. They serve as model events although it should be noted that they are signals at a very remote and special location on the planet. Dansgaard et al. (1993) counted 24 of these abrupt events that are now referred to as Dansgaard/Oeschger (D/O) events. Their evolution bears ...
Influence of future anthropogenic emissions on climate, natural
... Fine BC and POC emissions from aircraft were obtained by applying emission factors of 0.038 g BC/kg fuel [Petzold et al., 1999] to the fuel use data from Sutkus et al. [2001] and assuming a POC/BC emission ratio of 1:1. Those from shipping were estimated by dividing the gridded monthly sulfur shippi ...
... Fine BC and POC emissions from aircraft were obtained by applying emission factors of 0.038 g BC/kg fuel [Petzold et al., 1999] to the fuel use data from Sutkus et al. [2001] and assuming a POC/BC emission ratio of 1:1. Those from shipping were estimated by dividing the gridded monthly sulfur shippi ...
Climate change, extreme weather events, air pollution and respiratory health in Europe
... The correlation between climate and air quality is noteworthy for ozone. Ozone levels are directly driven by weather since ozone-generating photochemical reactions of air pollutants (nitrogen oxides; methane; volatile organic compounds, VOCs) need high temperatures and bright sunshine, conditions ty ...
... The correlation between climate and air quality is noteworthy for ozone. Ozone levels are directly driven by weather since ozone-generating photochemical reactions of air pollutants (nitrogen oxides; methane; volatile organic compounds, VOCs) need high temperatures and bright sunshine, conditions ty ...
UN report: The coming financial climate
... business and the economy. Finance is a keystone in meeting these challenges and opportunities. The financial system exists to support our choices to save, consume and invest. When it works efficiently and effectively, it deploys finance in ways that creates dynamic, inclusive and sustainable economi ...
... business and the economy. Finance is a keystone in meeting these challenges and opportunities. The financial system exists to support our choices to save, consume and invest. When it works efficiently and effectively, it deploys finance in ways that creates dynamic, inclusive and sustainable economi ...
Adaptation benefits and costs – measurement and
... For an economist, these two pieces of information have interesting implications for the stability of the current system of global climate governance. If, as an analytical exercise, one chooses to maximize the global benefits of emissions reductions, then two important first-order conditions that flo ...
... For an economist, these two pieces of information have interesting implications for the stability of the current system of global climate governance. If, as an analytical exercise, one chooses to maximize the global benefits of emissions reductions, then two important first-order conditions that flo ...
Observed and Projected Ecological Response to Climate Change in
... The Natural Resource Report Series is used to disseminate high-priority, current natural resource management information with managerial application. The series targets a general, diverse audience, and may contain NPS policy considerations or address sensitive issues of management applicability. All ...
... The Natural Resource Report Series is used to disseminate high-priority, current natural resource management information with managerial application. The series targets a general, diverse audience, and may contain NPS policy considerations or address sensitive issues of management applicability. All ...
Soil drying in Europe and its impact on atmospheric
... It is often suggested that land-atmosphere interactions indeed play a role in the persistence of drought conditions via a change in the atmospheric large scale circulation (e.g. Ferranti and Viterbo, 2006; Fischer et al, 2007). If this is true, an effect on the blocking frequency or duration should ...
... It is often suggested that land-atmosphere interactions indeed play a role in the persistence of drought conditions via a change in the atmospheric large scale circulation (e.g. Ferranti and Viterbo, 2006; Fischer et al, 2007). If this is true, an effect on the blocking frequency or duration should ...
air traffic controls: the hidden costs of a new london runway
... lower-carbon technologies. But in the aviation sector, no such step-change alternatives are available, and the scope for rapidly improving efficiency is restricted due to technological limits and structural features of the market such as fleet operating life. Therefore, carbon pricing in aviation wi ...
... lower-carbon technologies. But in the aviation sector, no such step-change alternatives are available, and the scope for rapidly improving efficiency is restricted due to technological limits and structural features of the market such as fleet operating life. Therefore, carbon pricing in aviation wi ...
Results compilation 2B - Charles Sturt University
... Differences in the agronomic, biophysical and socio-economic characteristics of the two zones appear to underpin differences in the pattern of responses to climate variability. Kamarooka landholders were also generally more optimistic about their ability to respond to market and climatic conditions, ...
... Differences in the agronomic, biophysical and socio-economic characteristics of the two zones appear to underpin differences in the pattern of responses to climate variability. Kamarooka landholders were also generally more optimistic about their ability to respond to market and climatic conditions, ...
Titill greinar
... from similar sources in many countries, and therefore governments can use similar abatement solutions there are subtle differences depending on a number of factors, ranging from access to resources, climate and development stage. Iceland is an interesting case in this context. It is highly developed ...
... from similar sources in many countries, and therefore governments can use similar abatement solutions there are subtle differences depending on a number of factors, ranging from access to resources, climate and development stage. Iceland is an interesting case in this context. It is highly developed ...
Estimation of the direct radiative forcing due to sulfate and soot
... in the size of the particles which reduce the specific extinction coefficient, and (ii) through increase in the mass of water, which dominates over (i). The asymmetry factor increases with increasing relative humidity. This means that the larger particles will scatter more radiation into the forward ...
... in the size of the particles which reduce the specific extinction coefficient, and (ii) through increase in the mass of water, which dominates over (i). The asymmetry factor increases with increasing relative humidity. This means that the larger particles will scatter more radiation into the forward ...
Future changes in the supply of goods and services - Munin
... surface has been completely transformed by human action, such as agricultural and urban systems, were excluded, as were services important only at large scales, such as the role of carbon sequestration for mitigating global climate change. METHODS Climate change The Barents Region has experienced hi ...
... surface has been completely transformed by human action, such as agricultural and urban systems, were excluded, as were services important only at large scales, such as the role of carbon sequestration for mitigating global climate change. METHODS Climate change The Barents Region has experienced hi ...
PDF
... Australia’s climate change policy has a comprehensive emissions trading scheme (ETS) as its principal greenhouse gas mitigation policy instrument. While there are undoubtedly benefits of full ETS coverage, these benefits must be balanced against potential costs if emissions that cannot be affordably ...
... Australia’s climate change policy has a comprehensive emissions trading scheme (ETS) as its principal greenhouse gas mitigation policy instrument. While there are undoubtedly benefits of full ETS coverage, these benefits must be balanced against potential costs if emissions that cannot be affordably ...
36 - Ecology and Society
... surface has been completely transformed by human action, such as agricultural and urban systems, were excluded, as were services important only at large scales, such as the role of carbon sequestration for mitigating global climate change. METHODS Climate change The Barents Region has experienced hi ...
... surface has been completely transformed by human action, such as agricultural and urban systems, were excluded, as were services important only at large scales, such as the role of carbon sequestration for mitigating global climate change. METHODS Climate change The Barents Region has experienced hi ...
Briefing report
... That the world’s climate is changing is irrefutable. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change stated in its most recent Assessment Report that it is very likely that the changes we have seen and measured are the result of anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases. While there may be some oppo ...
... That the world’s climate is changing is irrefutable. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change stated in its most recent Assessment Report that it is very likely that the changes we have seen and measured are the result of anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases. While there may be some oppo ...
this paper
... century, more than 80% of the energy gained by the Earth‟s climate system as a result of anthropogenic forcing has accumulated in the subsurface ocean [1]. If we are to achieve an observing system capable of monitoring the Earth‟s radiation balance [2] and [3], it is essential that we can fully and ...
... century, more than 80% of the energy gained by the Earth‟s climate system as a result of anthropogenic forcing has accumulated in the subsurface ocean [1]. If we are to achieve an observing system capable of monitoring the Earth‟s radiation balance [2] and [3], it is essential that we can fully and ...
Analysis of Statistical Power Reconciles Drought
... 4 Hsiang, Burke, and Miguel, “Reconciling Temperature–conflict Results in Kenya”; M.A Levy et al. “Freshwater availability anomalies and outbreak of internal war: Results from a global spatial time series analysis”. international workshop on ‘Human Security and Climate Change’, Holmen, Norway (2005) ...
... 4 Hsiang, Burke, and Miguel, “Reconciling Temperature–conflict Results in Kenya”; M.A Levy et al. “Freshwater availability anomalies and outbreak of internal war: Results from a global spatial time series analysis”. international workshop on ‘Human Security and Climate Change’, Holmen, Norway (2005) ...
Carbon – environmental disaster or an exciting new financial product
... how they were being maintained (Murray & Dey 2008). There are also private organizations concerned with the prevention of forest destruction. Take for example the British charity Cool Earth (2009) with its own scheme for Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation (known as REDD). It ...
... how they were being maintained (Murray & Dey 2008). There are also private organizations concerned with the prevention of forest destruction. Take for example the British charity Cool Earth (2009) with its own scheme for Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation (known as REDD). It ...
Meeting Carbon Budgets – Implications of Brexit for UK climate policy
... The UK, as part of its contribution to international efforts, has made its own commitments to tackling climate change and set these in domestic legislation. The 2008 Climate Change Act sets carbon budgets that require steady progress in reducing greenhouse gas emissions, taking into account a range ...
... The UK, as part of its contribution to international efforts, has made its own commitments to tackling climate change and set these in domestic legislation. The 2008 Climate Change Act sets carbon budgets that require steady progress in reducing greenhouse gas emissions, taking into account a range ...
Solar radiation management
Solar radiation management (SRM) projects (proposed and theoretical) are a type of climate engineering which seek to reflect sunlight and thus reduce global warming. Proposed examples include the creation of stratospheric sulfate aerosols. They would not reduce greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere, and thus do not address problems such as ocean acidification caused by excess carbon dioxide (CO2). Their principal advantages as an approach to climate engineering is the speed with which they can be deployed and become fully active, as well as their potential low financial cost. By comparison, other climate engineering techniques based on greenhouse gas remediation, such as ocean iron fertilization, need to sequester the anthropogenic carbon excess before any reversal of global warming would occur. Solar radiation management projects can therefore be used as a climate engineering ""quick fix"" while levels of greenhouse gases can be brought under control by greenhouse gas remediation techniques.