CLIMATE CHANGE AND MINING
... 1. The mining sector is extremely energy-intensive and one of the major emitters of greenhouse gases. Total CO2 emissions vary across the industry, largely depending upon the type of resource mined as well as the design and nature of the mining process. It is widely recognised that available mining ...
... 1. The mining sector is extremely energy-intensive and one of the major emitters of greenhouse gases. Total CO2 emissions vary across the industry, largely depending upon the type of resource mined as well as the design and nature of the mining process. It is widely recognised that available mining ...
Climate Change and Conflict in the Southern Philippines
... climate change, or social, in which the capacity for individuals and societies to meet the physical challenges of climate change is low. The dissemination of climate impacts varies geographically; both in terms of the natural challenges faced and the capacity of the various populations to deal with ...
... climate change, or social, in which the capacity for individuals and societies to meet the physical challenges of climate change is low. The dissemination of climate impacts varies geographically; both in terms of the natural challenges faced and the capacity of the various populations to deal with ...
Assets and Adaptation - Overseas Development Institute
... poverty reduction. While the role of assets is clear in the third of these literatures, the role of assets has so far remained implicit in the first two. The article concludes by highlighting four key areas for future research: first, the changing importance of certain assets under climate change; s ...
... poverty reduction. While the role of assets is clear in the third of these literatures, the role of assets has so far remained implicit in the first two. The article concludes by highlighting four key areas for future research: first, the changing importance of certain assets under climate change; s ...
Soil inorganic carbon storage pattern in China
... its arid and semiarid regions in the Northwest. Based on the second national soil survey (1979–1992), total soil inorganic carbon (SIC) storage in China was estimated to be 53.3 6.3 PgC (1 Pg 5 1015 g) to the depth investigated to 2 m. Soil inorganic carbon storages were 4.6, 10.6, 11.1, and 20.8 ...
... its arid and semiarid regions in the Northwest. Based on the second national soil survey (1979–1992), total soil inorganic carbon (SIC) storage in China was estimated to be 53.3 6.3 PgC (1 Pg 5 1015 g) to the depth investigated to 2 m. Soil inorganic carbon storages were 4.6, 10.6, 11.1, and 20.8 ...
Adaptation
... Indirect (side) effects: adaptation (especially proactive) actions can consist in (a) investments (no pure costs) (b) not necessarily related only to climate change. E.g.: coastal defence, irrigation, health care, landscape management and risk reduction programs that (c) can spur e.g. “welfare”, emp ...
... Indirect (side) effects: adaptation (especially proactive) actions can consist in (a) investments (no pure costs) (b) not necessarily related only to climate change. E.g.: coastal defence, irrigation, health care, landscape management and risk reduction programs that (c) can spur e.g. “welfare”, emp ...
Mountains for the world_2.indd
... slopes, valleys, and plains. Although Agenda 21 and the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), adopted in 1992, provide a basis for addressing a multitude of issues and promoting sustainable mountain development, the mountain agenda has not yet been addressed adequately by the UNFCCC cl ...
... slopes, valleys, and plains. Although Agenda 21 and the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), adopted in 1992, provide a basis for addressing a multitude of issues and promoting sustainable mountain development, the mountain agenda has not yet been addressed adequately by the UNFCCC cl ...
Climate change, migration and critical
... It is increasingly feared that anthropogenic climate change may lead to widespread population displacements and distress migration on scales not previously seen (UNHCR, 2009a). Predictions from reputable commentators have suggested that hundreds of millions of people may become “environmental refuge ...
... It is increasingly feared that anthropogenic climate change may lead to widespread population displacements and distress migration on scales not previously seen (UNHCR, 2009a). Predictions from reputable commentators have suggested that hundreds of millions of people may become “environmental refuge ...
Incorporating climate change and growth into the post-2015 framework for disaster risk reduction (opens in new window)
... (UNISDR, 2007), it has also been associated with an accumulation of assets in hazard-prone (typically, urban) areas. Population growth similarly increases exposure. In a much richer, more populous world, it may be little wonder then that losses are rising (Hallegatte, 2011). But, surprisingly, in ma ...
... (UNISDR, 2007), it has also been associated with an accumulation of assets in hazard-prone (typically, urban) areas. Population growth similarly increases exposure. In a much richer, more populous world, it may be little wonder then that losses are rising (Hallegatte, 2011). But, surprisingly, in ma ...
as a PDF
... 10been an unprecedented increase in the number of bathing infections that have been associated with 11warm water Vibrio species. For example, during the hot summer of 2006 wound infections linked to 12contact with Baltic and North Sea waters were reported from Germany (V. vulnificus) (Frank et al., ...
... 10been an unprecedented increase in the number of bathing infections that have been associated with 11warm water Vibrio species. For example, during the hot summer of 2006 wound infections linked to 12contact with Baltic and North Sea waters were reported from Germany (V. vulnificus) (Frank et al., ...
Construction of abatement cost curves
... An important control method is the substitution of SF6 by SO2 with abatement efficiency of 100%. An investment of €100000 to switch to SO2 is required and this cost is not negligible if we think that most of the metalworks are small and medium ...
... An important control method is the substitution of SF6 by SO2 with abatement efficiency of 100%. An investment of €100000 to switch to SO2 is required and this cost is not negligible if we think that most of the metalworks are small and medium ...
Agriculture and Forestry Climate change report card technical paper
... Future higher atmospheric CO 2 concentration and higher temperature could have strong effects on soil moisture and soil biological activity (Rustad et al., 2001; Zak et al., 2000). Nitrous oxide emissions from soils are mainly regulated by mineral nitrogen, temperature, water content and labile orga ...
... Future higher atmospheric CO 2 concentration and higher temperature could have strong effects on soil moisture and soil biological activity (Rustad et al., 2001; Zak et al., 2000). Nitrous oxide emissions from soils are mainly regulated by mineral nitrogen, temperature, water content and labile orga ...
Migration in the context of vulnerability and adaptation to climate
... sensitive systems are exposed to stressed or changing environmental conditions.6–8 Certain types of socioeconomic systems are inherently more sensitive to climate-related environmental changes and are therefore more likely to engender adaptive migration. These include systems characterized by agricu ...
... sensitive systems are exposed to stressed or changing environmental conditions.6–8 Certain types of socioeconomic systems are inherently more sensitive to climate-related environmental changes and are therefore more likely to engender adaptive migration. These include systems characterized by agricu ...
Cities and climate change - Urban Climate Change Research Network
... taking controversial decisions, political support is absolutely essential for successful climate governance. However, political support and leadership may not be sufficient where financial constraints are too high (both costs of climate policies and lack of financial and human resources) (Kern et al ...
... taking controversial decisions, political support is absolutely essential for successful climate governance. However, political support and leadership may not be sufficient where financial constraints are too high (both costs of climate policies and lack of financial and human resources) (Kern et al ...
Here - Benjamin Blonder
... other communities) has a composition that includes species with broader and/or more distinct climate niches at tinf. Such a pattern may reflect a community populated by generalists or by a mixture of species from several biogeographic regions. A small value of DC(tinf ) may reflect more specialist spe ...
... other communities) has a composition that includes species with broader and/or more distinct climate niches at tinf. Such a pattern may reflect a community populated by generalists or by a mixture of species from several biogeographic regions. A small value of DC(tinf ) may reflect more specialist spe ...
Free Full Text ( Final Version , 2mb )
... developed and developing countries ratified the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) to address rising global warming concerns. Since then, climate change has become a global issue wherein international and national policy makers, have been called to take strict action by i ...
... developed and developing countries ratified the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) to address rising global warming concerns. Since then, climate change has become a global issue wherein international and national policy makers, have been called to take strict action by i ...
SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT of the United States of America
... ddressing nearly 150 world leaders at the 2015 Conference of the Parties (COP) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in Paris, President Obama stated: “Nearly 200 nations have assembled here this week—a declaration that for all the challenges we face, the growing thre ...
... ddressing nearly 150 world leaders at the 2015 Conference of the Parties (COP) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in Paris, President Obama stated: “Nearly 200 nations have assembled here this week—a declaration that for all the challenges we face, the growing thre ...
Climate Change, Migration, and Displacement | Greenpeace
... visibly and more alarmingly. 2016 was the world’s hottest year since record keeping began, and the third consecutive year of record warmth. The average global temperature was 1.1 degrees Celsius higher than temperatures before the beginning of the industrial age, which implies that the increase in a ...
... visibly and more alarmingly. 2016 was the world’s hottest year since record keeping began, and the third consecutive year of record warmth. The average global temperature was 1.1 degrees Celsius higher than temperatures before the beginning of the industrial age, which implies that the increase in a ...
Monroe County Climate Action Plan
... opportunity to demonstrate leadership on this global issue by implementing the critical policies, practices and investments that will eventually reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and prepare us for the unavoidable impacts of climate change. We clearly have the most to lose. If sea-level rise is ...
... opportunity to demonstrate leadership on this global issue by implementing the critical policies, practices and investments that will eventually reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and prepare us for the unavoidable impacts of climate change. We clearly have the most to lose. If sea-level rise is ...
The Hamburg Climate Action Plan
... give priority to those areas where most greenhouse gases occur. ...
... give priority to those areas where most greenhouse gases occur. ...
Ocean Acidification! What is it? Why does it matter? What can I do
... 5. Review models in science (as needed, if this is the first Exploration Activity learner is doing). Remind/tell learners that in science, a model is something that is used to help understand, predict, or explain how things work. It is like the thing it represents in some, but not all ways. The two ...
... 5. Review models in science (as needed, if this is the first Exploration Activity learner is doing). Remind/tell learners that in science, a model is something that is used to help understand, predict, or explain how things work. It is like the thing it represents in some, but not all ways. The two ...
AN EVALUATION OF FARMERS` PERCEPTIONS OF AND
... with the adaptation strategies that farmers undertake in fight against the adverse effects of climate change (Nhemachena and Hassan, 2007) and as a result, the adoption literature can be applied in studies regarding climate change adaptation. Empirical literature is also wide on farmer characteristi ...
... with the adaptation strategies that farmers undertake in fight against the adverse effects of climate change (Nhemachena and Hassan, 2007) and as a result, the adoption literature can be applied in studies regarding climate change adaptation. Empirical literature is also wide on farmer characteristi ...
overcoming barriers to the adoption of climate-friendly
... action now so as to limit the impacts of climate change. Identifying the reasons behind the limited adoption of climate-friendly practices is essential to understand and address this gap. This activity is an important precursor to designing or restructuring policies to stimulate climate-friendly beh ...
... action now so as to limit the impacts of climate change. Identifying the reasons behind the limited adoption of climate-friendly practices is essential to understand and address this gap. This activity is an important precursor to designing or restructuring policies to stimulate climate-friendly beh ...
An investor enquiry: how much big oil spends on obstructive climate
... Stage One: We identify corporate activity and expenditure, which, under our system, can influence the policy-making and regulatory process. These include: internal staff costs related to the maintenance of communications, regulatory and government affairs and public relations departments, external e ...
... Stage One: We identify corporate activity and expenditure, which, under our system, can influence the policy-making and regulatory process. These include: internal staff costs related to the maintenance of communications, regulatory and government affairs and public relations departments, external e ...
The implications for climate sensitivity of AR5 forcing and heat...
... Use in (1) and (2) of averages over base and final periods, rather than complete time series, captures much of the available information, since internal variability is high on sub-decadal timescales and only during the last decade or two has total forcing become reasonably large relative to its unc ...
... Use in (1) and (2) of averages over base and final periods, rather than complete time series, captures much of the available information, since internal variability is high on sub-decadal timescales and only during the last decade or two has total forcing become reasonably large relative to its unc ...
Climate change feedback
Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""