Blue Nile Runoff Sensitivity to Climate Change
... worst in 50 years. It is likely that more extreme events like these will be observed more frequently in future as a result of global warming [3]. In an attempt to understand climatic shifts in Africa, [4] studied both annual temperature and precipitation anomalies from the turn of the 20th Century. ...
... worst in 50 years. It is likely that more extreme events like these will be observed more frequently in future as a result of global warming [3]. In an attempt to understand climatic shifts in Africa, [4] studied both annual temperature and precipitation anomalies from the turn of the 20th Century. ...
SJmaintext
... months to thousands or millions of years. The classical period is 30 years, as defined by the World Meteorological Organization.” Thus, here, climate refers to long-term inter-annual variations of weather. Climate change refers to “a statistically significant variation in either the mean state of t ...
... months to thousands or millions of years. The classical period is 30 years, as defined by the World Meteorological Organization.” Thus, here, climate refers to long-term inter-annual variations of weather. Climate change refers to “a statistically significant variation in either the mean state of t ...
Boreal forest soil carbon: distribution, function and modelling
... Boreal forest soils: carbon distribution and accumulation Boreal forest soils collectively represent an immature, somewhat sensitive, mosaic of sandy acidic mineral soils and organic rich peat soils of moderate productivity. Being relatively young, they retain a great deal of the mineral content of ...
... Boreal forest soils: carbon distribution and accumulation Boreal forest soils collectively represent an immature, somewhat sensitive, mosaic of sandy acidic mineral soils and organic rich peat soils of moderate productivity. Being relatively young, they retain a great deal of the mineral content of ...
Climate change impacts on mass movements
... rise considerably over the next decades (IPCC, 2012). Under the A1B emission scenario, Gobiet et al. (2014) project a decadal warming of 0.25 °C until the mid-21st century. The warming trend is expected to accelerate during the latter half of the century for which they assessed an average temperatur ...
... rise considerably over the next decades (IPCC, 2012). Under the A1B emission scenario, Gobiet et al. (2014) project a decadal warming of 0.25 °C until the mid-21st century. The warming trend is expected to accelerate during the latter half of the century for which they assessed an average temperatur ...
Significant decrease in yield under future climate conditions
... can lead to reactive oxygen species detrimental to the photosynthetic apparatus (Fuhrer and Booker, 2003). By the end of the 21st century temperature is expected to increase by 3–5 ◦ C according to the worst-case scenario (RCP8.5) of IPCC (Collins et al., 2013). The [CO2 ] is to reach 1415–1910 ppm ...
... can lead to reactive oxygen species detrimental to the photosynthetic apparatus (Fuhrer and Booker, 2003). By the end of the 21st century temperature is expected to increase by 3–5 ◦ C according to the worst-case scenario (RCP8.5) of IPCC (Collins et al., 2013). The [CO2 ] is to reach 1415–1910 ppm ...
Audubon`s Birds and Climate Change Report
... as those projected to lose >50% of their current climatically suitable range by 2050 and 2080 is a useful, but somewhat arbitrary definition. Some species fall on the border of two classifications and may merit conservation action. ...
... as those projected to lose >50% of their current climatically suitable range by 2050 and 2080 is a useful, but somewhat arbitrary definition. Some species fall on the border of two classifications and may merit conservation action. ...
adaptation to climate change: key terms
... Various workshops and expert meetings facilitated by the UNFCCC Secretariat were held to enhance knowledge about adaptation to climate change. There are also numerous events outside the official UNFCCC process that stimulate informal discussions and development of analytical papers aimed at advancin ...
... Various workshops and expert meetings facilitated by the UNFCCC Secretariat were held to enhance knowledge about adaptation to climate change. There are also numerous events outside the official UNFCCC process that stimulate informal discussions and development of analytical papers aimed at advancin ...
Bangladesh: Climate Change Impacts and
... modelling effort estimated 10 to 15% rise in average monsoon rainfall by the year 2030. The study could not draw an inference in relation to change in sea level, however it commented that both sedimentation and subsidence were likely to complicate an expected net change in sea level along the Bangla ...
... modelling effort estimated 10 to 15% rise in average monsoon rainfall by the year 2030. The study could not draw an inference in relation to change in sea level, however it commented that both sedimentation and subsidence were likely to complicate an expected net change in sea level along the Bangla ...
Links between early Holocene ice-sheet decay
... Studies of ice-sheet–sea-level interactions cannot be successful unless the response of the solid Earth to mass redistributions, known as glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA), is fully accounted for. In view of the critical role of GIA corrections for the interpretation of present-day sea-level change ...
... Studies of ice-sheet–sea-level interactions cannot be successful unless the response of the solid Earth to mass redistributions, known as glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA), is fully accounted for. In view of the critical role of GIA corrections for the interpretation of present-day sea-level change ...
Coffee and Climate Change
... Coastal Zones: Vietnam’s coastal lowlands are vulnerable to sea‐level rise. Sea‐level in this region is projected by climate models to rise by the following levels by 2090s, relative to 1980 ‐ 1999 sea‐level (McSweeny): ...
... Coastal Zones: Vietnam’s coastal lowlands are vulnerable to sea‐level rise. Sea‐level in this region is projected by climate models to rise by the following levels by 2090s, relative to 1980 ‐ 1999 sea‐level (McSweeny): ...
![6 February 2007. This meeting[2] discussed a background](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/009902121_1-108b49c3565409d0074af4dff6c0bc18-300x300.png)
6 February 2007. This meeting[2] discussed a background
... States Parties to the World Heritage Convention need not rely solely on the World Heritage Convention process to integrate their approaches to World Heritage and climate change. They will work with the climate change policy and decision-makers within their own countries as the primary response to th ...
... States Parties to the World Heritage Convention need not rely solely on the World Heritage Convention process to integrate their approaches to World Heritage and climate change. They will work with the climate change policy and decision-makers within their own countries as the primary response to th ...
Climate Change and Its Impact on Groundwater
... incidences of severe weather events, a higher likelihood of flooding, and more droughts. The impact would be particularly severe in the tropical areas, which mainly consist of developing countries, including India. Coupled atmosphere-ocean global climate models (GCMs) are used to estimate changes in ...
... incidences of severe weather events, a higher likelihood of flooding, and more droughts. The impact would be particularly severe in the tropical areas, which mainly consist of developing countries, including India. Coupled atmosphere-ocean global climate models (GCMs) are used to estimate changes in ...
Impacts of precipitation seasonality and ecosystem types
... hydraulic conductance [Sun et al., 2008]. Attributes concerning the absorption of solar radiation and the exchange of mass and energy with the atmosphere also vary greatly among ecosystems; this is attributed to different community structures, which directly affect ecosystem ET [Baldocchi et al., 20 ...
... hydraulic conductance [Sun et al., 2008]. Attributes concerning the absorption of solar radiation and the exchange of mass and energy with the atmosphere also vary greatly among ecosystems; this is attributed to different community structures, which directly affect ecosystem ET [Baldocchi et al., 20 ...
Climate Resilient Development - EDA
... Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) in 2008, by the Prime Minister's Council on Climate Change for climate change action in the country. The plan consists of eight national level missions including five that pertain to adaptation. To integrate climate action at subnational levels, various states were als ...
... Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) in 2008, by the Prime Minister's Council on Climate Change for climate change action in the country. The plan consists of eight national level missions including five that pertain to adaptation. To integrate climate action at subnational levels, various states were als ...
Climate Risk and Adaptation Strategy Discussion Paper (DOCX, 6.9
... Drought may still be seen today. In a changing climate, it is likely that more of these events will occur with greater intensity or at a greater frequency, or both. In particular, we need to plan for the likelihood of more intense rainfall and storm events, flooding, prolonged drought conditions, an ...
... Drought may still be seen today. In a changing climate, it is likely that more of these events will occur with greater intensity or at a greater frequency, or both. In particular, we need to plan for the likelihood of more intense rainfall and storm events, flooding, prolonged drought conditions, an ...
O'Reilly et al (2010)
... policies have been planned or implemented under a great deal of scientific uncertainty. A number of scholars have studied assessment processes from policy and social perspectives,4–15 and there is a copious literature on risk assessment, perception, and communication.16–26 This literature is primari ...
... policies have been planned or implemented under a great deal of scientific uncertainty. A number of scholars have studied assessment processes from policy and social perspectives,4–15 and there is a copious literature on risk assessment, perception, and communication.16–26 This literature is primari ...
A comparison of structural and behavioural adaptations to future
... Due to the nature of the models used to produce climate change projections there is a level of uncertainty in the possible levels of future climate change. In the UK this uncertainty has been represented in the latest set of future climate projections UKCP09 [13] released by the UK Climate Impacts ...
... Due to the nature of the models used to produce climate change projections there is a level of uncertainty in the possible levels of future climate change. In the UK this uncertainty has been represented in the latest set of future climate projections UKCP09 [13] released by the UK Climate Impacts ...
Ambiguity and climate policy
... model of decision under ambiguity, analyze its basic properties, and derive a new and quite general condition that allows us to perform comparative statics. This condition is sufficient for an increase in ambiguity aversion to increase optimal abatement, or conversely, to decrease it. We then extend ...
... model of decision under ambiguity, analyze its basic properties, and derive a new and quite general condition that allows us to perform comparative statics. This condition is sufficient for an increase in ambiguity aversion to increase optimal abatement, or conversely, to decrease it. We then extend ...
Embracing the Climate Challenge: Tasmania`s draft climate change
... There is now overwhelming evidence that shows that the earth is warming. 3 However, higher temperatures are only one feature of climate change. Global warming is also predicted to cause changes to other climate variables such as rainfall, wind, evaporation and sea level. These changes are likely to ...
... There is now overwhelming evidence that shows that the earth is warming. 3 However, higher temperatures are only one feature of climate change. Global warming is also predicted to cause changes to other climate variables such as rainfall, wind, evaporation and sea level. These changes are likely to ...
Mainstreaming Climate Change in CAADP processes in
... as far as climate change policy in agriculture is concerned and how climate change issues are finding their way into agricultural policy process, especially the ASWAp. Since the late 70’s and the early 80’s it became apparent that the earth is undergoing a significant shift in climate. According to ...
... as far as climate change policy in agriculture is concerned and how climate change issues are finding their way into agricultural policy process, especially the ASWAp. Since the late 70’s and the early 80’s it became apparent that the earth is undergoing a significant shift in climate. According to ...
ccaf.gc.ca
... the Parties to the FCCC. In November 2000, the first part of the Sixth Conference of the Parties (CoP 6) was held in The Hague, Netherlands. Decisions on some key issues of the Protocol, such as an international emissions trading system, a clean development mechanism to help developing countries red ...
... the Parties to the FCCC. In November 2000, the first part of the Sixth Conference of the Parties (CoP 6) was held in The Hague, Netherlands. Decisions on some key issues of the Protocol, such as an international emissions trading system, a clean development mechanism to help developing countries red ...
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
... War regime were responsible for the vast majority of internal displacements of people. It is remarkable that during the first fifty years of the 20th century, most of the people displacements were hosted in Europe, Russia and China, whereas during the last fifty years of that century, the displaceme ...
... War regime were responsible for the vast majority of internal displacements of people. It is remarkable that during the first fifty years of the 20th century, most of the people displacements were hosted in Europe, Russia and China, whereas during the last fifty years of that century, the displaceme ...
Climate Change, Agricultural Adaptation and Fairtrade
... Increasing temperatures will lead to greater heat stress and an increased risk of spikelet sterility in rice. Rice is currently grown in some extremely hot environments and there is a large genetic pool for heat resistance which can be exploited by rice breeders. Nevertheless, it will take time befo ...
... Increasing temperatures will lead to greater heat stress and an increased risk of spikelet sterility in rice. Rice is currently grown in some extremely hot environments and there is a large genetic pool for heat resistance which can be exploited by rice breeders. Nevertheless, it will take time befo ...
Rapid decline of the CO2 buffering capacity in the North Sea and
... from the atmosphere into the Atlantic Ocean by the North Sea’s continental shelf pump. The increase of the mean DICnorm in the southern region can be ascribed to a DIC increase of the waters imported from the Atlantic Ocean because of anthropogenic CO2 uptake and constitutes one mechanism for the ri ...
... from the atmosphere into the Atlantic Ocean by the North Sea’s continental shelf pump. The increase of the mean DICnorm in the southern region can be ascribed to a DIC increase of the waters imported from the Atlantic Ocean because of anthropogenic CO2 uptake and constitutes one mechanism for the ri ...
Climate change feedback
Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""