Behaviour of the monsoon-ENSO system in current and future
... Seasonal prediction of the Asian Summer monsoon is a key goal of weather and climate forecasters, the phenomenon being of great importance to agrarian societies. Before general circulation models (GCMs) can be used to make predictions of the monsoon response to climate change, systematic errors in c ...
... Seasonal prediction of the Asian Summer monsoon is a key goal of weather and climate forecasters, the phenomenon being of great importance to agrarian societies. Before general circulation models (GCMs) can be used to make predictions of the monsoon response to climate change, systematic errors in c ...
How might Australian rainforest cloud interception
... and Nguyen, 2010) with different GCM’s predicting either decreases (up to 20%), increases (up to 20%) or no change in rainfall by 2050 on a medium (SRES A1B) CO2 emissions scenario (see Suppiah et al., 2010). To examine the potential effects of climate change on lower and upper montane rainforest ca ...
... and Nguyen, 2010) with different GCM’s predicting either decreases (up to 20%), increases (up to 20%) or no change in rainfall by 2050 on a medium (SRES A1B) CO2 emissions scenario (see Suppiah et al., 2010). To examine the potential effects of climate change on lower and upper montane rainforest ca ...
4. The CO2 fertilization effect
... more initial flowers formed by greater amounts of branching or tillering that is stimulated by CO2 enrichment (Baker and Allen, 1993a). Precipitation changes may occur along with other climatic change effects. In general, predictions from crop models show that increased CO2 should increase productiv ...
... more initial flowers formed by greater amounts of branching or tillering that is stimulated by CO2 enrichment (Baker and Allen, 1993a). Precipitation changes may occur along with other climatic change effects. In general, predictions from crop models show that increased CO2 should increase productiv ...
Adaptation to a Changing Climate in the Arab Countries
... The report and background documents are expected to provide input to the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report scheduled for 2013–14, which could lead to a comprehensive treatment of the Arab countries in that document. In addition, seven IPCC leading and coordinating authors are on the Team and Advisory Pan ...
... The report and background documents are expected to provide input to the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report scheduled for 2013–14, which could lead to a comprehensive treatment of the Arab countries in that document. In addition, seven IPCC leading and coordinating authors are on the Team and Advisory Pan ...
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... glaciers and permafrost surfaces, the decrease of snow precipitations, the increase of natural risks such as landslides or the alteration in the amount and distribution of some species prove the high sensitivity of mountain ecosystems. Moreover, in many mountain economies, reliable snowpack plays a ...
... glaciers and permafrost surfaces, the decrease of snow precipitations, the increase of natural risks such as landslides or the alteration in the amount and distribution of some species prove the high sensitivity of mountain ecosystems. Moreover, in many mountain economies, reliable snowpack plays a ...
Measuring Vulnerability - global change SysTem for Analysis
... environmental, social, economic and political exposure to a range of harmful perturbations” (Bohle et al. 1994) “…the exposure to contingencies and stress, and difficulty in coping with them. Vulnerability thus has two sides: an external side of risks, shocks and stress to which an individual or hou ...
... environmental, social, economic and political exposure to a range of harmful perturbations” (Bohle et al. 1994) “…the exposure to contingencies and stress, and difficulty in coping with them. Vulnerability thus has two sides: an external side of risks, shocks and stress to which an individual or hou ...
Climate Change and Buildings in Nigeria: A Search for Mitigation
... guide and develops a framework for its actualization in the three climatic regions in Nigeria. These regions are; Highland Climate Region (HCR), Tropical Savannah (TSC) and the Tropical Rainforest Climate Region (TRC). Given that Nigeria is the seventh most populous country in the world, and most po ...
... guide and develops a framework for its actualization in the three climatic regions in Nigeria. These regions are; Highland Climate Region (HCR), Tropical Savannah (TSC) and the Tropical Rainforest Climate Region (TRC). Given that Nigeria is the seventh most populous country in the world, and most po ...
Lenachuru_colostate_0053A_13620 - DSpace Home
... Ilchamus elders complain of formal education eroding their culture. However, the elders also support formal education for the community’s children, which they see as providing more livelihood options for the future, beyond pastoralism. Ilchamus use a number of customary coping and adaptation strateg ...
... Ilchamus elders complain of formal education eroding their culture. However, the elders also support formal education for the community’s children, which they see as providing more livelihood options for the future, beyond pastoralism. Ilchamus use a number of customary coping and adaptation strateg ...
Hjermann et al. 2004 - Fisheries Acoustics Research
... macroecology deals with how species dynamically share the available food and space (e.g. Kendall et al. 1998), macroecological studies have tended to consider ecosystems as quite static in ecological time. Marine systems are highly dynamic, most conspicuously demonstrated by the dramatic changes in ...
... macroecology deals with how species dynamically share the available food and space (e.g. Kendall et al. 1998), macroecological studies have tended to consider ecosystems as quite static in ecological time. Marine systems are highly dynamic, most conspicuously demonstrated by the dramatic changes in ...
Climate Change Adaptation Guidelines in Coastal Management and
... frequently cannot be delayed until new science, research or understanding is available. However, such decisions made now may determine how a particular part of the coastal zone is used for many years into the future, at a time when the local climate extremes and concomitant hazard to that developmen ...
... frequently cannot be delayed until new science, research or understanding is available. However, such decisions made now may determine how a particular part of the coastal zone is used for many years into the future, at a time when the local climate extremes and concomitant hazard to that developmen ...
Review of climate change adaptation methods and tools
... Adaptation is the process of adjusting to new conditions, stresses and natural hazards that result from climate change. Adaptation to climate change takes place in response to impacts experienced already, as well as in anticipation of expected impacts. In this sense, adaptation can be a spontaneous, ...
... Adaptation is the process of adjusting to new conditions, stresses and natural hazards that result from climate change. Adaptation to climate change takes place in response to impacts experienced already, as well as in anticipation of expected impacts. In this sense, adaptation can be a spontaneous, ...
Puerto Rico`s State of the Climate
... Convention on Climate Change released its Fourth Scientific Report. This report recognized the need for the mitigation of Global Greenhouse gases emissions to offset or to reduce emissions below current and projected levels. This Convention defines climate change as: …a change of climate which is at ...
... Convention on Climate Change released its Fourth Scientific Report. This report recognized the need for the mitigation of Global Greenhouse gases emissions to offset or to reduce emissions below current and projected levels. This Convention defines climate change as: …a change of climate which is at ...
G. NAPA Team - Global Environment Facility
... sea lines. It is divided into 3 broad categories of physiographic regions: tertiary hills, pleistocene uplands and recent alluvial plains. The land surface in most part of the country is very flat because of its deltaic location with most elevations less than 10 m above sea level. Numerous rivers, s ...
... sea lines. It is divided into 3 broad categories of physiographic regions: tertiary hills, pleistocene uplands and recent alluvial plains. The land surface in most part of the country is very flat because of its deltaic location with most elevations less than 10 m above sea level. Numerous rivers, s ...
Building climate change resilience for African livestock in sub
... other parts of the world livestock is increasingly seen as a driver of climate change, rather than being affected by it. The study rightfully addresses this controversy, and places the African livestock in the perspective where it belongs, an asset to many poor with as yet untapped potential to adap ...
... other parts of the world livestock is increasingly seen as a driver of climate change, rather than being affected by it. The study rightfully addresses this controversy, and places the African livestock in the perspective where it belongs, an asset to many poor with as yet untapped potential to adap ...
Survey of Climate Change Considerations in Federal Environmental
... Federal agencies generally do account for climate change when conducting environmental reviews of projects that will generate GHG emissions or be affected by climate-related phenomena such as sea level rise. Of the 238 federal EISs reviewed in this survey, 214 (90%) contained some discussion of GHG ...
... Federal agencies generally do account for climate change when conducting environmental reviews of projects that will generate GHG emissions or be affected by climate-related phenomena such as sea level rise. Of the 238 federal EISs reviewed in this survey, 214 (90%) contained some discussion of GHG ...
Climate Proofing: A Risk-based Approach to Adaptation
... or its variability (including extreme events), with these changes persisting for an extended period, typically decades or longer (i.e., longer term). Climate change may be due to natural internal processes or external forcings, or to persistent anthropogenic changes in the composition of the atmosph ...
... or its variability (including extreme events), with these changes persisting for an extended period, typically decades or longer (i.e., longer term). Climate change may be due to natural internal processes or external forcings, or to persistent anthropogenic changes in the composition of the atmosph ...
Coastal Hazards and Climate Change
... values have increased enormously. As development and property values in coastal margins increase, the potential impacts and consequences of coastal hazards also increase. Managing this escalating risk over the coming decades now presents a significant challenge for planning authorities in New Zealan ...
... values have increased enormously. As development and property values in coastal margins increase, the potential impacts and consequences of coastal hazards also increase. Managing this escalating risk over the coming decades now presents a significant challenge for planning authorities in New Zealan ...
Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment of the Galápagos Islands
... vulnerability of this region to climate change and to define the urgent priority actions we must take to face these challenges. In July 2008, growing awareness of climate change in the Eastern Tropical Pacific and potential impacts on Galápagos ecosystems and human wellbeing, especially combined wit ...
... vulnerability of this region to climate change and to define the urgent priority actions we must take to face these challenges. In July 2008, growing awareness of climate change in the Eastern Tropical Pacific and potential impacts on Galápagos ecosystems and human wellbeing, especially combined wit ...
Drivers of the tropospheric ozone budget throughout the 21st
... through the 21st century and beyond. Depending on the sensitivity of ozone budget reactions to humidity and temperature, the distribution and abundance of tropospheric ozone may also be affected by climate change and changes in transport and convection through the 21st century. Ozone can also be tra ...
... through the 21st century and beyond. Depending on the sensitivity of ozone budget reactions to humidity and temperature, the distribution and abundance of tropospheric ozone may also be affected by climate change and changes in transport and convection through the 21st century. Ozone can also be tra ...
Why is socially-just climate change adaptation in sub
... a significant adaptation deficit.23 New risks from climate change include warming and drying, more intense and prolonged droughts, and more floods.22,23 These changes will have major impacts on agriculture, fisheries and food security across the region, and feedback into the development system, unde ...
... a significant adaptation deficit.23 New risks from climate change include warming and drying, more intense and prolonged droughts, and more floods.22,23 These changes will have major impacts on agriculture, fisheries and food security across the region, and feedback into the development system, unde ...
http://www.fao.org/docrep/014/i2146e/i2146e.pdf
... Annual precipitation for 1900–2005 for the Mediterranean region ............................................. 22 Relative changes in precipitation for the period 2090–2099, relative to 1980–1999 .................. 22 Precipitation changes over Africa from the multimodel datasets, A1B simulations ... ...
... Annual precipitation for 1900–2005 for the Mediterranean region ............................................. 22 Relative changes in precipitation for the period 2090–2099, relative to 1980–1999 .................. 22 Precipitation changes over Africa from the multimodel datasets, A1B simulations ... ...
Stern Review: The Economics of Climate Change
... models of the global effects – shows that climate change will have serious impacts on world output, on human life and on the environment. All countries will be affected. The most vulnerable – the poorest countries and populations – will suffer earliest and most, even though they have contributed lea ...
... models of the global effects – shows that climate change will have serious impacts on world output, on human life and on the environment. All countries will be affected. The most vulnerable – the poorest countries and populations – will suffer earliest and most, even though they have contributed lea ...
Floating Houses and Mosquito Nets: Emerging Climate
... events like heat waves, droughts, intense rains, storms and flooding cannot be predicted today, natural disasters like Hurricane Katrina in 2005 demonstrate how dramatic the consequences can be if such events occur more frequently. There is consensus that the effects of climate change have to be kep ...
... events like heat waves, droughts, intense rains, storms and flooding cannot be predicted today, natural disasters like Hurricane Katrina in 2005 demonstrate how dramatic the consequences can be if such events occur more frequently. There is consensus that the effects of climate change have to be kep ...
CSIRO_PHILCCAP_Report_FNL
... or unable to be used in any specific situation. No reliance or actions must therefore be made on that information without seeking prior expert professional, scientific and technical advice. To the extent permitted by law, CSIRO (including its employees and consultants) excludes all liability to any ...
... or unable to be used in any specific situation. No reliance or actions must therefore be made on that information without seeking prior expert professional, scientific and technical advice. To the extent permitted by law, CSIRO (including its employees and consultants) excludes all liability to any ...
Polar Bear (Ursus maritimus) - Convention on Migratory Species
... volatile ice, a large multiannual home range, of which only a portion is used in any one season or year, is an important part of the polar bear life history strategy (Amstrup 2003; Vongraven and Peacock 2011). Ferguson, Taylor and Messier (2000) found that, during spring and summer, polar bears in t ...
... volatile ice, a large multiannual home range, of which only a portion is used in any one season or year, is an important part of the polar bear life history strategy (Amstrup 2003; Vongraven and Peacock 2011). Ferguson, Taylor and Messier (2000) found that, during spring and summer, polar bears in t ...
Climate change feedback
Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""