English
... intense extreme weather events, Pacific islands countries, especially those in warmer latitudes, are the most vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change. Their populations are expected to be among the first that will need to adapt to climate change or even abandon their traditional homeland ...
... intense extreme weather events, Pacific islands countries, especially those in warmer latitudes, are the most vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change. Their populations are expected to be among the first that will need to adapt to climate change or even abandon their traditional homeland ...
Trends in Intense Precipitation in the Climate Record
... 0.3% of daily precipitation events) have been analyzed for over half of the land area of the globe. These changes have been linked to changes in intense precipitation for three transient climate model simulations, all with greenhouse gas concentrations increasing during the twentieth and twenty-firs ...
... 0.3% of daily precipitation events) have been analyzed for over half of the land area of the globe. These changes have been linked to changes in intense precipitation for three transient climate model simulations, all with greenhouse gas concentrations increasing during the twentieth and twenty-firs ...
The Role of Local Institutions in Adaptation to Climate Change
... especially severe in social and ecological contexts of arid and semi-arid regions, colder and polar areas, and coastal locations where livelihoods are often already stressed and additional adverse biophysical and social changes can be overwhelming. The popular consensus on the reality of climate cha ...
... especially severe in social and ecological contexts of arid and semi-arid regions, colder and polar areas, and coastal locations where livelihoods are often already stressed and additional adverse biophysical and social changes can be overwhelming. The popular consensus on the reality of climate cha ...
Long-run relative importance of temperature as the main driver to
... the information provided by the lagged values of x. If not, then one concludes that “y does not Granger-cause x”.” To determine whether causality runs in the opposite direction, from x to y, one basically repeats the experiment, but with the variables interchanged. The null hypothesis that y does no ...
... the information provided by the lagged values of x. If not, then one concludes that “y does not Granger-cause x”.” To determine whether causality runs in the opposite direction, from x to y, one basically repeats the experiment, but with the variables interchanged. The null hypothesis that y does no ...
CIRCUMPOLAR BIODIVERSITY MONITORING PROGRAM
... The program for the Conservation of Arctic Flora and Fauna (CAFF) of the Arctic Council was established to address the special needs of Arctic ecosystems, species and their habitats in the rapidly developing Arctic region. It was initiated as one of four programs of the Arctic Environmental Protecti ...
... The program for the Conservation of Arctic Flora and Fauna (CAFF) of the Arctic Council was established to address the special needs of Arctic ecosystems, species and their habitats in the rapidly developing Arctic region. It was initiated as one of four programs of the Arctic Environmental Protecti ...
Vulnerability Does Not Fall From the Sky
... The overwhelming evidence now suggests that climate change exacerbates existing development challenges, further exposing the vulnerability of the poor, and pushing those living on the margins closer to the edge. For those people most at risk, climate change is a crisis today. The rights, interests, ...
... The overwhelming evidence now suggests that climate change exacerbates existing development challenges, further exposing the vulnerability of the poor, and pushing those living on the margins closer to the edge. For those people most at risk, climate change is a crisis today. The rights, interests, ...
An Economic Analysis of Climate Change Impacts and Adaptations
... Ecosystems. Climate change will have substantial impacts on ecosystems in New York State. For revenue-generating aspects of the sector, including winter tourism and recreational fishing, climate change may impose significant economic costs. For other facets of the sector, such as forest-related ecos ...
... Ecosystems. Climate change will have substantial impacts on ecosystems in New York State. For revenue-generating aspects of the sector, including winter tourism and recreational fishing, climate change may impose significant economic costs. For other facets of the sector, such as forest-related ecos ...
Climate Public Expenditure and Institutional Revies
... Fiji is on the front lines of climate change. Increased droughts, floods and extreme events such as cyclones affect every sector of Fiji’s economy and impact employment levels, the availability of natural resources and resilience to disasters. As such, Fiji is proactively creating and refining polic ...
... Fiji is on the front lines of climate change. Increased droughts, floods and extreme events such as cyclones affect every sector of Fiji’s economy and impact employment levels, the availability of natural resources and resilience to disasters. As such, Fiji is proactively creating and refining polic ...
Torres Strait Regional Adaptation and Resilience Plan
... change will continue to bring to the Torres Strait. This Plan considers those impacts and proposes a number of strategies and actions that will prepare the region for the future. Climate change impacts are greater in vulnerable communities compared to those that are better resourced and less vulnera ...
... change will continue to bring to the Torres Strait. This Plan considers those impacts and proposes a number of strategies and actions that will prepare the region for the future. Climate change impacts are greater in vulnerable communities compared to those that are better resourced and less vulnera ...
Considering Vermont`s Future in a Changing Climate: The First
... The Vermont Climate Assessment (VCA) paints a vivid picture of a changing climate in Vermont and calls for immediate strategic planning to sustain the social, economic and environmental fabric of our state. The VCA is the first state-scale climate assessment in the country and speaks directly to the ...
... The Vermont Climate Assessment (VCA) paints a vivid picture of a changing climate in Vermont and calls for immediate strategic planning to sustain the social, economic and environmental fabric of our state. The VCA is the first state-scale climate assessment in the country and speaks directly to the ...
Climate change detection in natural systems by
... for the change point position. Change point probability distributions exhibit the change point probabilities as a function of time for a temperature or a phenological time series. Since the change point probability distribution is extended over several years, it does not make sense to select the max ...
... for the change point position. Change point probability distributions exhibit the change point probabilities as a function of time for a temperature or a phenological time series. Since the change point probability distribution is extended over several years, it does not make sense to select the max ...
The Rockefeller Foundation Initiative Asian Cities Climate Change
... 1. Overall, the evaluation finds that ACCCRN is a pioneering and highly relevant initiative. It has been “in the right place at the right time”, enabling, supporting and exploring approaches and methodologies to vulnerability assessment and the design of city-level resilience plans. The Foundation ...
... 1. Overall, the evaluation finds that ACCCRN is a pioneering and highly relevant initiative. It has been “in the right place at the right time”, enabling, supporting and exploring approaches and methodologies to vulnerability assessment and the design of city-level resilience plans. The Foundation ...
"Prices vs. Quantities at the Inter-Country Level - ETH E
... damages to the society. This is most obvious for global externalities such as the pressing issue of climate change. The excessive discharge of emissions with a greenhouse potential increases the radiative forcing of the atmosphere regardless from where these emissions arise. This inevitably results ...
... damages to the society. This is most obvious for global externalities such as the pressing issue of climate change. The excessive discharge of emissions with a greenhouse potential increases the radiative forcing of the atmosphere regardless from where these emissions arise. This inevitably results ...
Quantifying the cost of climate change impacts on local
... Evans, A – Bureau of Meteorology Climate Division South Australia Acknowledgement This work was carried out with financial support from the Australian Government (Department of Climate Change and Energy Efficiency) and the National Climate Change Adaptation Research Facility. The role of NCCARF is t ...
... Evans, A – Bureau of Meteorology Climate Division South Australia Acknowledgement This work was carried out with financial support from the Australian Government (Department of Climate Change and Energy Efficiency) and the National Climate Change Adaptation Research Facility. The role of NCCARF is t ...
Climate Change and The Insurance Sector
... This presentation is made by KPMG Kenya, a member firm of the KPMG network of independent firms affiliated with KPMG International, a Swiss cooperative. KPMG International provides no client services. No member firm has any authority to obligate or bind KPMG International or any other member firm vi ...
... This presentation is made by KPMG Kenya, a member firm of the KPMG network of independent firms affiliated with KPMG International, a Swiss cooperative. KPMG International provides no client services. No member firm has any authority to obligate or bind KPMG International or any other member firm vi ...
PDF
... limited value loans, is also consistent with the fundamental nature of a majority of adaptation actions that will ultimately consist of thousands of decentralised actions by individuals, households and communities, as they continuously seek to internalise climate risks in their activities. Despite ...
... limited value loans, is also consistent with the fundamental nature of a majority of adaptation actions that will ultimately consist of thousands of decentralised actions by individuals, households and communities, as they continuously seek to internalise climate risks in their activities. Despite ...
Selected Tools to Evaluate Water Monitoring Networks for Climate
... climate change (the result of deliberate policy decisions based on an awareness of changing conditions) requires decision-makers to understand the degree to which a system is susceptible to and able to cope with adverse effects of climate change. Governments and water managers can use existing water ...
... climate change (the result of deliberate policy decisions based on an awareness of changing conditions) requires decision-makers to understand the degree to which a system is susceptible to and able to cope with adverse effects of climate change. Governments and water managers can use existing water ...
A multistage crucible of revision and approval shapes IPCC
... for the WGII AR4 and WGIII AR5 (Fig. 2), highlighting substantial deletions that occurred during their revision. Across AR5 SPM revisions, we also evaluate several examples of politically sensitive material emphasized in published perspectives and notes (7, 8, 11, 16, 17, 21, 34–36). For some of the ...
... for the WGII AR4 and WGIII AR5 (Fig. 2), highlighting substantial deletions that occurred during their revision. Across AR5 SPM revisions, we also evaluate several examples of politically sensitive material emphasized in published perspectives and notes (7, 8, 11, 16, 17, 21, 34–36). For some of the ...
Climate Change, Extreme Weather Events, and the Highway System
... Major trends affecting the future of the United States and the world will dramatically reshape transportation priorities and needs. The American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials established the NCHRP Project 20-83 research series to examine global and domestic long-range str ...
... Major trends affecting the future of the United States and the world will dramatically reshape transportation priorities and needs. The American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials established the NCHRP Project 20-83 research series to examine global and domestic long-range str ...
Vulnerability of reef-building corals on the Great Barrier Reef to
... corals might, or might not, be able to cope with the major environmental changes projected to occur over this century. This is particularly relevant to problems associated with the acidification of ocean waters caused by rising atmospheric carbon dioxide94. Under almost all future scenarios, changes ...
... corals might, or might not, be able to cope with the major environmental changes projected to occur over this century. This is particularly relevant to problems associated with the acidification of ocean waters caused by rising atmospheric carbon dioxide94. Under almost all future scenarios, changes ...
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... smoking. Given the well·documented parallels between tobacco tactics and those of fossil fuel companies (e.g. Merchants of Doubt), the scientists' request seems reasonable. After a ll-as we learned recently companies like Exxon knew full well that their product influenced the g lobal climate before ...
... smoking. Given the well·documented parallels between tobacco tactics and those of fossil fuel companies (e.g. Merchants of Doubt), the scientists' request seems reasonable. After a ll-as we learned recently companies like Exxon knew full well that their product influenced the g lobal climate before ...
Climate change vulnerability in South East Queensland: a spatial
... spatial and sectoral levels. In SEQ, climate change is projected to lead to an increase in average annual temperatures, a change in average rainfall and sea-level rise. In addition, more extreme weather events are projected, with an increase in extreme rainfall events, an increase in the number and ...
... spatial and sectoral levels. In SEQ, climate change is projected to lead to an increase in average annual temperatures, a change in average rainfall and sea-level rise. In addition, more extreme weather events are projected, with an increase in extreme rainfall events, an increase in the number and ...
View online () - National Intelligence University
... such conflict might be prevented or mitigated and what role the international community can play in doing so. The author’s principal hypothesis at the outset is that climate change will increase the risk of violent intrastate conflicts, and that such conflicts will be a particular problem for fragil ...
... such conflict might be prevented or mitigated and what role the international community can play in doing so. The author’s principal hypothesis at the outset is that climate change will increase the risk of violent intrastate conflicts, and that such conflicts will be a particular problem for fragil ...
Climate change feedback
Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""