Climate Change and State Consent - U
... The economic systems of the various societies in the international community are run on energy that is mostly based on carbon. Mitigation of the threat of climate change seems to require a significant drop in standards of living or a fairly rapid transformation of these economies from carbon based t ...
... The economic systems of the various societies in the international community are run on energy that is mostly based on carbon. Mitigation of the threat of climate change seems to require a significant drop in standards of living or a fairly rapid transformation of these economies from carbon based t ...
climate change adaptation: a collective action
... transform natural ecosystems and disrupt human social and economic systems that rely on them, perhaps to an unprecedented degree and within a ...
... transform natural ecosystems and disrupt human social and economic systems that rely on them, perhaps to an unprecedented degree and within a ...
Full-Text PDF
... the Himalayan region, which is more sensitive than other land surfaces of the same latitude [1,3], is experiencing warming [4] with greater magnitude than the global average [5,6]. The Himalayan region, also known as the water tower of Asia, plays an important role in regional climate, most particul ...
... the Himalayan region, which is more sensitive than other land surfaces of the same latitude [1,3], is experiencing warming [4] with greater magnitude than the global average [5,6]. The Himalayan region, also known as the water tower of Asia, plays an important role in regional climate, most particul ...
UNIVERSIDAD DE CANTABRIA
... The IPCC Working Group II summary noted the following with very high confidence: ”Small islands have characteristics which make them especially vulnerable to the effects of climate change, sea level rise and extreme events”. And also awares: ”Sea-level rise is expected to exacerbate inundation, stor ...
... The IPCC Working Group II summary noted the following with very high confidence: ”Small islands have characteristics which make them especially vulnerable to the effects of climate change, sea level rise and extreme events”. And also awares: ”Sea-level rise is expected to exacerbate inundation, stor ...
Seasonal Variations in Diurnal Temperature Range From Satellites
... Ta , since satellites observe Ts under clear-sky conditions only, while station-observed Ta integrates the effects of clouds. Therefore, the station-observed DTR from Ta includes the feedback effect of clouds on climate change, which may be more difficult to interpret, because uncertainties exist ab ...
... Ta , since satellites observe Ts under clear-sky conditions only, while station-observed Ta integrates the effects of clouds. Therefore, the station-observed DTR from Ta includes the feedback effect of clouds on climate change, which may be more difficult to interpret, because uncertainties exist ab ...
RESIN-D1.3-Conceptual Framework
... The cycles may not connect. As a result of the barriers described above, the two cycles may not connect and instead operate independently leading to ineffective outcomes. Equally, as noted above, there may not be an adaptation planning process in some cases. In this event, climate risks can have a n ...
... The cycles may not connect. As a result of the barriers described above, the two cycles may not connect and instead operate independently leading to ineffective outcomes. Equally, as noted above, there may not be an adaptation planning process in some cases. In this event, climate risks can have a n ...
pdf file)
... Given anticipated climate changes and the inherent uncertainty associated with such changes, a pavement could be subjected to very different climatic conditions over the design life and might be inadequate to withstand future climate forces that impose stresses beyond environmental factors curren ...
... Given anticipated climate changes and the inherent uncertainty associated with such changes, a pavement could be subjected to very different climatic conditions over the design life and might be inadequate to withstand future climate forces that impose stresses beyond environmental factors curren ...
UK Climate Change Risk Assessment 2017 Synthesis Report
... than triple by the 2050s. The impacts will not be limited to southern England. There is evidence that newer homes are at a greater risk of overheating than older designs. Delayed introduction of policies to ensure homes, hospitals, care facilities, schools and prisons, and business premises, are saf ...
... than triple by the 2050s. The impacts will not be limited to southern England. There is evidence that newer homes are at a greater risk of overheating than older designs. Delayed introduction of policies to ensure homes, hospitals, care facilities, schools and prisons, and business premises, are saf ...
Chapter 13
... Section 1 Climate and Climate Change Section 2 The Ozone Shield Section 3 Global Warming ...
... Section 1 Climate and Climate Change Section 2 The Ozone Shield Section 3 Global Warming ...
Note by the International Maritime Organization (IMO)
... This report constitutes Phase 1 of a study on greenhouse gas emissions from ships. This is an update of a study done for IMO in 2000. As in the 2000 report, a main objective of the update is to establish emission inventories and reduction potentials for greenhouse gas emissions from international sh ...
... This report constitutes Phase 1 of a study on greenhouse gas emissions from ships. This is an update of a study done for IMO in 2000. As in the 2000 report, a main objective of the update is to establish emission inventories and reduction potentials for greenhouse gas emissions from international sh ...
A Greener Dragon? - Department of Defence
... Extreme weather effects, water and food scarcity, and population migration also have broader security implications, leading climate change to be considered a ‘threat multiplier’, suggesting there is considerable potential for climate change to impact significantly on the national security of affect ...
... Extreme weather effects, water and food scarcity, and population migration also have broader security implications, leading climate change to be considered a ‘threat multiplier’, suggesting there is considerable potential for climate change to impact significantly on the national security of affect ...
Anthony Patt ETH Zürich (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology
... people-centred approaches for effective disaster risk-management: balancing rhetoric with reality. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 12: 202 – 212. Blumer, Yann, Corinne Moser, Anthony Patt, and Roman Seidl (2015). The precarious consensus on the importance of energy security: contras ...
... people-centred approaches for effective disaster risk-management: balancing rhetoric with reality. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 12: 202 – 212. Blumer, Yann, Corinne Moser, Anthony Patt, and Roman Seidl (2015). The precarious consensus on the importance of energy security: contras ...
English
... be particularly challenging in the developing world, where they threaten to undermine gains made over the past decades. Some of the communities most vulnerable to the effects of climate change are those in flood plains, those whose economies are closely linked with climate‐sensitive re ...
... be particularly challenging in the developing world, where they threaten to undermine gains made over the past decades. Some of the communities most vulnerable to the effects of climate change are those in flood plains, those whose economies are closely linked with climate‐sensitive re ...
Regional: Glacial Melt and Downstream Impacts on Indus
... on meltwater river runoff, (iv) variability in annual water availability due to uncertainty in precipitation projections, and (v) the lack of scientific consensus on the impact of climate change on glacier fluctuations that are of mixed nature. • General conclusion on trends. These trends were (i) ...
... on meltwater river runoff, (iv) variability in annual water availability due to uncertainty in precipitation projections, and (v) the lack of scientific consensus on the impact of climate change on glacier fluctuations that are of mixed nature. • General conclusion on trends. These trends were (i) ...
Vector-Borne Diseases: Impact of Climate
... Meteorological and hydrological observations demonstrate that during the last decade the climate has changed. As reported by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, 2001), a mean increase of temperature by 0.09 K per decade was observed globally from 1951 to 1989. Up to now, 2006, this ...
... Meteorological and hydrological observations demonstrate that during the last decade the climate has changed. As reported by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, 2001), a mean increase of temperature by 0.09 K per decade was observed globally from 1951 to 1989. Up to now, 2006, this ...
a guide for tribal leaders on us climate change programs
... The White House Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ) works on developing environmental policies and initiatives, and the CEQ’s chair serves as the principal environmental policy adviser to the President. The CEQ is engaged in several initiatives related to climate change adaptation, including co ...
... The White House Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ) works on developing environmental policies and initiatives, and the CEQ’s chair serves as the principal environmental policy adviser to the President. The CEQ is engaged in several initiatives related to climate change adaptation, including co ...
The effects of deforestation and climate variability on the
... Foley 1997). Techniques for precipitation measurement at a given location are well known and associated errors in the monthly means are low, generally 5% or less (Fetter 2001). However, derivation of a spatially extensive precipitation dataset requires interpolation in space between relatively spars ...
... Foley 1997). Techniques for precipitation measurement at a given location are well known and associated errors in the monthly means are low, generally 5% or less (Fetter 2001). However, derivation of a spatially extensive precipitation dataset requires interpolation in space between relatively spars ...
SECOND-ORDER DRAFT IPCC WGII AR5 Chapter 24 Do Not Cite
... affect water resources in downstream river catchments. Population growth and increasing demand arising from higher standards of living could worsen water security in many parts in Asia and affect many people in future. Better water management strategies are needed to ease water scarcity. Water savin ...
... affect water resources in downstream river catchments. Population growth and increasing demand arising from higher standards of living could worsen water security in many parts in Asia and affect many people in future. Better water management strategies are needed to ease water scarcity. Water savin ...
Chapter 1: The climate of the Eastern
... according to the World Meteorological Organisation, the 1995-2005 period was the warmest decade on record in the last 500 years (WMO, 2006). According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, 2007) the atmospheric temperature is projected to continue to rise throughout the 21st centur ...
... according to the World Meteorological Organisation, the 1995-2005 period was the warmest decade on record in the last 500 years (WMO, 2006). According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, 2007) the atmospheric temperature is projected to continue to rise throughout the 21st centur ...
explaining extreme events of 2013
... Attribution of extreme events is a challenging science and one that is currently undergoing considerable evolution. In this paper, 20 different research groups explored the causes of 16 different events that occurred in 2013. The findings indicate that human-caused climate change greatly increased t ...
... Attribution of extreme events is a challenging science and one that is currently undergoing considerable evolution. In this paper, 20 different research groups explored the causes of 16 different events that occurred in 2013. The findings indicate that human-caused climate change greatly increased t ...
Influence of Patterns of Climate Variability on the Difference
... free-tropospheric temperature derived from radiosonde and reanalysis data, and compares it to trends in zonal wind fields. Temperatures show warming in the NH troposphere, and sections of the SH troposphere (note, however, that reanalysis trends particularly in the SH are questionable due to inhomog ...
... free-tropospheric temperature derived from radiosonde and reanalysis data, and compares it to trends in zonal wind fields. Temperatures show warming in the NH troposphere, and sections of the SH troposphere (note, however, that reanalysis trends particularly in the SH are questionable due to inhomog ...
Explaining Extreme Events of 2013 from a Climate
... Attribution of extreme events is a challenging science and one that is currently undergoing considerable evolution. In this paper, 20 different research groups explored the causes of 16 different events that occurred in 2013. The findings indicate that human-caused climate change greatly increased t ...
... Attribution of extreme events is a challenging science and one that is currently undergoing considerable evolution. In this paper, 20 different research groups explored the causes of 16 different events that occurred in 2013. The findings indicate that human-caused climate change greatly increased t ...
Increasing the influence of LDC climate diplomacy
... session of the Major Economies Forum, and it was the first time that a group that large came together at a ministerial level specifically to focus on climate change as a foreign policy priority. I’m very, very pleased that now we’re growing still as more and more countries are joining the significan ...
... session of the Major Economies Forum, and it was the first time that a group that large came together at a ministerial level specifically to focus on climate change as a foreign policy priority. I’m very, very pleased that now we’re growing still as more and more countries are joining the significan ...
Temperatures in transient climates
... some empirical evidence for a decrease in variability at intra-annual timescales, but sparse evidence for changes in inter-annual variability (IPCC, 2001). More recent studies have not produced more definitive conclusions, with results apparently depending on specific definitions of variability and ...
... some empirical evidence for a decrease in variability at intra-annual timescales, but sparse evidence for changes in inter-annual variability (IPCC, 2001). More recent studies have not produced more definitive conclusions, with results apparently depending on specific definitions of variability and ...
Climate change feedback
Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""