Modelling Abrupt Glacial Climate Change
... Martin. Guys, putting up with me was at times an ordeal, but I hope you agree we had a blast most regularly. And, since we’re all foreigners, we banded nicely in Þguring out the peculiarities of living in the Netherlands. I will never forget those times. Han Thomassen and Philip Ward, my two ‘parani ...
... Martin. Guys, putting up with me was at times an ordeal, but I hope you agree we had a blast most regularly. And, since we’re all foreigners, we banded nicely in Þguring out the peculiarities of living in the Netherlands. I will never forget those times. Han Thomassen and Philip Ward, my two ‘parani ...
World Heritage and Climate Change
... Scientists tell us that even under the most ambitious current reduction scenarios for greenhouse gas emissions, 70% of corals worldwide are projected to suffer from long-term degradation by 2030, and, accordingly, limiting warming to 1.5°C or less is essential for the survival of coral reefs and ma ...
... Scientists tell us that even under the most ambitious current reduction scenarios for greenhouse gas emissions, 70% of corals worldwide are projected to suffer from long-term degradation by 2030, and, accordingly, limiting warming to 1.5°C or less is essential for the survival of coral reefs and ma ...
Policy Implications of Warming Permafrost
... 1) Commission a Special Report on Permafrost Emissions: The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) may consider preparing a special assessment report on how CO2 and methane emissions from thawing permafrost would influence global climate to support climate change policy discussions and tre ...
... 1) Commission a Special Report on Permafrost Emissions: The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) may consider preparing a special assessment report on how CO2 and methane emissions from thawing permafrost would influence global climate to support climate change policy discussions and tre ...
Key Adaptation Concepts and Terms
... Adaptation Assessment - The practice of identifying options to adapt to climate change and evaluating them in terms of criteria such as availability, benefits, costs, effectiveness, efficiency, and feasibility.(IPCC TAR, 2001 a) The term ‘Adaptation Assessment’ while appearing to be clear on paper c ...
... Adaptation Assessment - The practice of identifying options to adapt to climate change and evaluating them in terms of criteria such as availability, benefits, costs, effectiveness, efficiency, and feasibility.(IPCC TAR, 2001 a) The term ‘Adaptation Assessment’ while appearing to be clear on paper c ...
National baseline and INDC scenarios for Parties
... deforestation rates will stay at the same level as the period 2008-2012 while reforestation removals will decline [3]. Based on this, the BAU scenario shows a decrease of net annual LULUCF emissions by 2020 in the range of 3.6 Mt CO2e yr-1 compared to 2010 levels. As the BAU scenario has only been r ...
... deforestation rates will stay at the same level as the period 2008-2012 while reforestation removals will decline [3]. Based on this, the BAU scenario shows a decrease of net annual LULUCF emissions by 2020 in the range of 3.6 Mt CO2e yr-1 compared to 2010 levels. As the BAU scenario has only been r ...
Noosa Climate Action Plan
... resources and rich biodiversity upon which the local economy is built and depends. NBL, in association with SEQ Catchments Ltd and University of Sunshine Coast, hosted each workshop at which panels of expert presenters shared their scientifically based knowledge and expertise, giving the most curren ...
... resources and rich biodiversity upon which the local economy is built and depends. NBL, in association with SEQ Catchments Ltd and University of Sunshine Coast, hosted each workshop at which panels of expert presenters shared their scientifically based knowledge and expertise, giving the most curren ...
Drivers of Deforestation: Facts to be considered
... shifting cultivation embodied in states’ forest policies and programs. Key issues and findings that need to be considered seriously in the discussion on the impact of shifting cultivation on forests and climate change are briefly summarized here. More detailed information can be obtained from the su ...
... shifting cultivation embodied in states’ forest policies and programs. Key issues and findings that need to be considered seriously in the discussion on the impact of shifting cultivation on forests and climate change are briefly summarized here. More detailed information can be obtained from the su ...
world heritage and climate change
... Scientists tell us that even under the most ambitious current reduction scenarios for greenhouse gas emissions, 70% of corals worldwide are projected to suffer from long-term degradation by 2030, and, accordingly, limiting warming to 1.5°C or less is essential for the survival of coral reefs and ma ...
... Scientists tell us that even under the most ambitious current reduction scenarios for greenhouse gas emissions, 70% of corals worldwide are projected to suffer from long-term degradation by 2030, and, accordingly, limiting warming to 1.5°C or less is essential for the survival of coral reefs and ma ...
NAPAs and NAPs in Least Developed Countries
... Countries are encouraged to review critical current and future climate risks, and ensure proposed measures and interventions are designed and prioritised to address these, as part of NAP processes. For instance, Senegal’s rainfall deficits are considered the largest constraint on agricultural sector ...
... Countries are encouraged to review critical current and future climate risks, and ensure proposed measures and interventions are designed and prioritised to address these, as part of NAP processes. For instance, Senegal’s rainfall deficits are considered the largest constraint on agricultural sector ...
Civil Society Guide to Healthy Rivers and Climate
... models, or GCMs, representing physical processes in the atmosphere, ocean and land surface are the most advanced tools currently available for simulating the response of the global climate system to increasing greenhouse gas concentrations. Scientists attempt to understand regional impacts by downsc ...
... models, or GCMs, representing physical processes in the atmosphere, ocean and land surface are the most advanced tools currently available for simulating the response of the global climate system to increasing greenhouse gas concentrations. Scientists attempt to understand regional impacts by downsc ...
MCCA Regulations and Syllabus -Masters
... adaptation. It explores the fundamental changes caused by anthropogenic and natural activities that influence the alteration of the living earth’s environment. As a result of the anthropogenic climate change drivers, the global mean surface temperature is projected to increase between 1.5°C and 5.8° ...
... adaptation. It explores the fundamental changes caused by anthropogenic and natural activities that influence the alteration of the living earth’s environment. As a result of the anthropogenic climate change drivers, the global mean surface temperature is projected to increase between 1.5°C and 5.8° ...
Governing the future under climate change: contested visions of
... and improvement positions. They reflect increasingly ambitious goals with respect to how much change adaptation should try to achieve and, therefore, reflect different perceptions of human agency and the relationship between the present and future. The first, the “partial ...
... and improvement positions. They reflect increasingly ambitious goals with respect to how much change adaptation should try to achieve and, therefore, reflect different perceptions of human agency and the relationship between the present and future. The first, the “partial ...
Hybrid statistical–dynamic seasonal streamflow forecasting method
... Statistical models and global climate models have, historically, been used to forecast hydroclimate variables several months ahead. Statistical forecasts work by exploiting the relationship between hydroclimate variables and large-scale climate indices. Statistical models are popular because they ar ...
... Statistical models and global climate models have, historically, been used to forecast hydroclimate variables several months ahead. Statistical forecasts work by exploiting the relationship between hydroclimate variables and large-scale climate indices. Statistical models are popular because they ar ...
New England Climate Adaptation PROJECT - NECAP
... NECAP staff simultaneously conducted a Stakeholder Assessment for each community. This involved interviewing 15 to 20 key stakeholders at each site to gather their views about climate change risks and adaptation options. Wells’ interviewees included local, regional, and state government officials; b ...
... NECAP staff simultaneously conducted a Stakeholder Assessment for each community. This involved interviewing 15 to 20 key stakeholders at each site to gather their views about climate change risks and adaptation options. Wells’ interviewees included local, regional, and state government officials; b ...
Arimura - Viessmann European Research Centre
... The price does not reach $10 until 2019. The demand for CDM is limited during the Kyoto commitment period. However, with banking, there may be demand for CDM before 2019. ...
... The price does not reach $10 until 2019. The demand for CDM is limited during the Kyoto commitment period. However, with banking, there may be demand for CDM before 2019. ...
Natural Hazards and Climate Change in European Regions
... natural hazards and climate change. Regional and territorial differences in exposure, sensitivity and vulnerability, require better connection and integration of risk reduction, adaptation and mitigation measures. Vulnerability might rise in future. Potential exposure to natural hazard risks and cli ...
... natural hazards and climate change. Regional and territorial differences in exposure, sensitivity and vulnerability, require better connection and integration of risk reduction, adaptation and mitigation measures. Vulnerability might rise in future. Potential exposure to natural hazard risks and cli ...
3 Professor Christos ZEREFOS Parousiasi
... Mean Annual Downward Sort Wave Surface Radiation increase by 3,1 W/m2 (SRES B2) by 4,1 W/m2 (SRES A2) The increase is more prominent over land, especially in western and northern parts Mean Annual Downward Sort Wave Surface Radiation Change between 2071-2100 and 1961-1990 ...
... Mean Annual Downward Sort Wave Surface Radiation increase by 3,1 W/m2 (SRES B2) by 4,1 W/m2 (SRES A2) The increase is more prominent over land, especially in western and northern parts Mean Annual Downward Sort Wave Surface Radiation Change between 2071-2100 and 1961-1990 ...
Climate change data and risk assessment methodologies for the
... symbols indicate the length of record, and most are 30 years or less. ............................26 Figure 3-9. Sea level (monthly and annual mean) for a gauge in Cristobal (Panama). This is one of the longest periods of record in the Caribbean region in the PSMSL database. ................27 Figur ...
... symbols indicate the length of record, and most are 30 years or less. ............................26 Figure 3-9. Sea level (monthly and annual mean) for a gauge in Cristobal (Panama). This is one of the longest periods of record in the Caribbean region in the PSMSL database. ................27 Figur ...
Can We Feed the World in 2050? A Scoping Paper
... How reliable are these estimates? There are a number of misconceptions about the nature of such modeling, and they have implications for any effort to assess not just what is likely to happen but also what could happen under different environmental or policy scenarios. First, the FAO is very clear i ...
... How reliable are these estimates? There are a number of misconceptions about the nature of such modeling, and they have implications for any effort to assess not just what is likely to happen but also what could happen under different environmental or policy scenarios. First, the FAO is very clear i ...
- Wiley Online Library
... that elevated CO2 projected for end of this century (e.g. 800–1000 latm) can also impact physiology, and have substantial effects on behaviours linked to sensory stimuli (smell, hearing and vision) both having negative implications for fitness and survival. In contrast, the aquaculture industry was ...
... that elevated CO2 projected for end of this century (e.g. 800–1000 latm) can also impact physiology, and have substantial effects on behaviours linked to sensory stimuli (smell, hearing and vision) both having negative implications for fitness and survival. In contrast, the aquaculture industry was ...
REPORTS A CLIMATIC DRIVER FOR ABRUPT MID-HOLOCENE VEGETATION D
... yet the observed changes in these taxa were synchronous and equivalent in magnitude and rate (Fig. 3). We suggest that mid-Holocene climate change, rather than a biological agent, was the primary driver of both the hemlock decline in the inland region and the decline of oak and increase of beech at ...
... yet the observed changes in these taxa were synchronous and equivalent in magnitude and rate (Fig. 3). We suggest that mid-Holocene climate change, rather than a biological agent, was the primary driver of both the hemlock decline in the inland region and the decline of oak and increase of beech at ...
DOC 129KB - Climate Change Authority
... technologically advanced country with strong governance institutions. Compared with many other countries, it therefore has a high capacity to reduce emissions. It also has a relatively high level of responsibility due to its very high emissions per person. On the other hand, the effort required to r ...
... technologically advanced country with strong governance institutions. Compared with many other countries, it therefore has a high capacity to reduce emissions. It also has a relatively high level of responsibility due to its very high emissions per person. On the other hand, the effort required to r ...
NDVI-based increase in growth of temperate grasslands and its
... between NDVI and climate factors aid in finding key factors that control changes in the terrestrial ecosystem carbon cycle and shed light on the mechanisms controlling the response of terrestrial carbon storage to climate variability (Braswell et al., 1997; Potter and Brooks, 1998). Since the 1980s, ...
... between NDVI and climate factors aid in finding key factors that control changes in the terrestrial ecosystem carbon cycle and shed light on the mechanisms controlling the response of terrestrial carbon storage to climate variability (Braswell et al., 1997; Potter and Brooks, 1998). Since the 1980s, ...
ities` action on climate change in South West England.
... authorities in my own part of the UK were doing to respond to the then government’s policy on climate change mitigation to deliver the reductions in greenhouse emissions required by the Climate Change Act 2008, and what some of the major influences and limits on this action might be. The literature ...
... authorities in my own part of the UK were doing to respond to the then government’s policy on climate change mitigation to deliver the reductions in greenhouse emissions required by the Climate Change Act 2008, and what some of the major influences and limits on this action might be. The literature ...
Planning Climate Resilient Cities: Early Lessons from Early Adapters
... adaptation measures, such as infrastructure upgrades and residential resettlements, require major investments. Technology also will affect a city’s adaptation planning. Those that have advanced capabilities are able to conduct spatial analyses of vulnerabilities and develop models and scenarios, all ...
... adaptation measures, such as infrastructure upgrades and residential resettlements, require major investments. Technology also will affect a city’s adaptation planning. Those that have advanced capabilities are able to conduct spatial analyses of vulnerabilities and develop models and scenarios, all ...
Climate change feedback
Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""