Loss of Sea Ice in the Arctic
... climate change. Simulations from these models investigate the impact of different greenhouse gas forcing on the global climate system. Figure 1 shows the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Projection for the year 2090, which assumes a business-as-usual scenario (Solomon et al. 2007). The map ...
... climate change. Simulations from these models investigate the impact of different greenhouse gas forcing on the global climate system. Figure 1 shows the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Projection for the year 2090, which assumes a business-as-usual scenario (Solomon et al. 2007). The map ...
ACT Climate Change Adaptation Strategy
... to amend this goal by bringing forward the date for carbon neutrality to 2050. This was in accordance with the Paris Agreement, agreed to by countries at the 21st Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in December 2015, to achieve a balance be ...
... to amend this goal by bringing forward the date for carbon neutrality to 2050. This was in accordance with the Paris Agreement, agreed to by countries at the 21st Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in December 2015, to achieve a balance be ...
Stakeholder mapping report - final version
... Eco Cities is a joint initiative between the University of Manchester and Bruntwood, drawing on the expertise of the Manchester Architecture Research Centre, Centre for Urban Regional Ecology and Brooks World Poverty Institute. The project will focus on the response of urban areas to the impacts of ...
... Eco Cities is a joint initiative between the University of Manchester and Bruntwood, drawing on the expertise of the Manchester Architecture Research Centre, Centre for Urban Regional Ecology and Brooks World Poverty Institute. The project will focus on the response of urban areas to the impacts of ...
Central Bedfordshire Climate Change Adaptation Evidence Base
... We are adding greenhouse gases to the atmosphere faster than ever before. The International Energy Agency has warned that to avoid ‘catastrophic and irreversible’ global warming this trend must be reversed quickly. We are already experiencing some of the consequences and it is imperative that we pla ...
... We are adding greenhouse gases to the atmosphere faster than ever before. The International Energy Agency has warned that to avoid ‘catastrophic and irreversible’ global warming this trend must be reversed quickly. We are already experiencing some of the consequences and it is imperative that we pla ...
For submission to Global Change Biology
... acclimation, can increase GPP and that this can explain woody thickening. We examine mechanisms underlying the response of GPP and highlight the importance of changes in soil water content by applying a detailed soil-plant-atmosphere model. Through this model we show that CO2 enrichment with decreas ...
... acclimation, can increase GPP and that this can explain woody thickening. We examine mechanisms underlying the response of GPP and highlight the importance of changes in soil water content by applying a detailed soil-plant-atmosphere model. Through this model we show that CO2 enrichment with decreas ...
Climate change vulnerability of the US northeast winter recreation
... snow model. The technical capacities (minimum temperature at which snow can be made economically, daily snowmaking capacity) and decision rules for the snowmaking module (start/end dates, target snow pack depth to maintain) are consistent with Scott et al. (2003, 2006, 2007) and are outlined in Tabl ...
... snow model. The technical capacities (minimum temperature at which snow can be made economically, daily snowmaking capacity) and decision rules for the snowmaking module (start/end dates, target snow pack depth to maintain) are consistent with Scott et al. (2003, 2006, 2007) and are outlined in Tabl ...
Module 11: Groundwater and climate change
... impact of climate change on groundwater resources and the role that groundwater can play in adapting to the impacts of climate change. Although the focus is on Africa, it is important to recall the global extent of climate change, and to consider the impacts on the scale of the global hydrologic cyc ...
... impact of climate change on groundwater resources and the role that groundwater can play in adapting to the impacts of climate change. Although the focus is on Africa, it is important to recall the global extent of climate change, and to consider the impacts on the scale of the global hydrologic cyc ...
Guidelines on Analysis of extremes in a changing climate in support
... serious challenges to society in coping with a changing climate (CCSP, 2008). Indeed, ”confidence has increased that some extremes will become more frequent, more widespread and/or more intense during the 21st century” (IPCC, 2007). As a result, the demand for information services on weather and cli ...
... serious challenges to society in coping with a changing climate (CCSP, 2008). Indeed, ”confidence has increased that some extremes will become more frequent, more widespread and/or more intense during the 21st century” (IPCC, 2007). As a result, the demand for information services on weather and cli ...
Climate change enhances interannual variability of the Nile river flow
... major tributaries and simulated runoff of the GCMs, is consistent with the increase in the frequencies of El Niño and La Niña events projected by recent studies4,5 (Supplementary Fig. 4a). These changes in the frequencies of El Niño and La Niña events would change the Nile flow patterns following th ...
... major tributaries and simulated runoff of the GCMs, is consistent with the increase in the frequencies of El Niño and La Niña events projected by recent studies4,5 (Supplementary Fig. 4a). These changes in the frequencies of El Niño and La Niña events would change the Nile flow patterns following th ...
First National Communication to UNFCCC
... 1.1. Introduction One of emerging environmental problems is global climate change due to increased concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere that intensify greenhouse effect and lead to the rise of global temperature. As a result, polar and mountain glaciers retreat, sea level raise, prec ...
... 1.1. Introduction One of emerging environmental problems is global climate change due to increased concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere that intensify greenhouse effect and lead to the rise of global temperature. As a result, polar and mountain glaciers retreat, sea level raise, prec ...
Link to PDF of publication
... countries is a major barrier to furthering the understanding of loss and damage; (b) Capacity needs for conducting risk assessments in developing countries are linked to overall adaptive capacity, yet some very specific technical needs exist for loss and damage; (c) Some of the impacts of climatic c ...
... countries is a major barrier to furthering the understanding of loss and damage; (b) Capacity needs for conducting risk assessments in developing countries are linked to overall adaptive capacity, yet some very specific technical needs exist for loss and damage; (c) Some of the impacts of climatic c ...
- Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme
... C) work with other scientific organizations to consider Arctic-focused climate and integrated environmental frameworks/models than can improve predictions of climate change and other relevant drivers of Arctic change. This report represents Component B of the AACA. While AACA is framed to address mu ...
... C) work with other scientific organizations to consider Arctic-focused climate and integrated environmental frameworks/models than can improve predictions of climate change and other relevant drivers of Arctic change. This report represents Component B of the AACA. While AACA is framed to address mu ...
Indian Ocean Territory Climate Change Risk Assessment
... Vulnerable Ecosystems & Biodiversity Loss The IOT are home to distinctive ecosystems and a number of endemic species that are considered to be vulnerable to climate change. Terrestrial forests in particular, are highly sensitive to increases in temperature and humidity, and any changes in evapo-tran ...
... Vulnerable Ecosystems & Biodiversity Loss The IOT are home to distinctive ecosystems and a number of endemic species that are considered to be vulnerable to climate change. Terrestrial forests in particular, are highly sensitive to increases in temperature and humidity, and any changes in evapo-tran ...
Maize migration: key crop expands to higher altitudes
... trends in the Andean region, to the extent that these exist. Analyses of precipitation data often yield varied and insignificant results (Vuille, Bradley, Werner, & Keimig, 2003; Vuille et al., 2008); however, there is evidence for an increase in extreme weather, including El Niño events, since the 1 ...
... trends in the Andean region, to the extent that these exist. Analyses of precipitation data often yield varied and insignificant results (Vuille, Bradley, Werner, & Keimig, 2003; Vuille et al., 2008); however, there is evidence for an increase in extreme weather, including El Niño events, since the 1 ...
Clearing the Air on Oilsands Emissions
... Second, emission comparison results can vary significantly based on what aspects of crude production are being compared. The typical full life cycle of oilsands crude includes many major steps from the production to end use. These include: extraction (e.g. mining or in situ), upgrading, pipeline or ...
... Second, emission comparison results can vary significantly based on what aspects of crude production are being compared. The typical full life cycle of oilsands crude includes many major steps from the production to end use. These include: extraction (e.g. mining or in situ), upgrading, pipeline or ...
Modelling the evolution of Vadret da Morteratsch, Switzerland, since
... relatively long response time, ‘the time a glacier takes to complete most of its adjustment to a change in mass balance’ (Cuffey and Paterson, 2010), the glacier’s past evolution must be modelled before any future projections can be made. Therefore the model is first dynamically calibrated with the ...
... relatively long response time, ‘the time a glacier takes to complete most of its adjustment to a change in mass balance’ (Cuffey and Paterson, 2010), the glacier’s past evolution must be modelled before any future projections can be made. Therefore the model is first dynamically calibrated with the ...
Climate change effects on migration phenology may mismatch
... timing has occurred among most European birds, there is a considerable interspecific variation, which is partly explained by migratory strategy, since shortdistance migrants (SDM) have advanced more than long-distance migrants (LDM) (Rubolini et al. 2007). This could be owing to, for example, more s ...
... timing has occurred among most European birds, there is a considerable interspecific variation, which is partly explained by migratory strategy, since shortdistance migrants (SDM) have advanced more than long-distance migrants (LDM) (Rubolini et al. 2007). This could be owing to, for example, more s ...
Climate change impacts in the Atlantic Basin and
... (i.e., independent or ad-hoc) or planned (i.e., governmental measures) (Adger et al. 2005). Further, adaptation actions can be taken through either private (individual) or public (collective) action, though generally, efforts to improve the ability of whole populations are more often achieved throug ...
... (i.e., independent or ad-hoc) or planned (i.e., governmental measures) (Adger et al. 2005). Further, adaptation actions can be taken through either private (individual) or public (collective) action, though generally, efforts to improve the ability of whole populations are more often achieved throug ...
Climate Change for Forest Policy-Makers
... Climate change and change in climate variability pose serious risks to the environment and to life itself. All people and all sectors are likely to be affected. Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change – almost all countries in the world - have recognized the need to take ...
... Climate change and change in climate variability pose serious risks to the environment and to life itself. All people and all sectors are likely to be affected. Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change – almost all countries in the world - have recognized the need to take ...
Quantifying the relative contribution of the climate and direct human
... detailed hydrologic model to over 400 watersheds, which can be a very tedious exercise, a simple conceptual model based on the Budyko hypothesis [Budyko, 1974] is used to quantify the impact of climate and humans on MAS. Thus, this study is focused on the long-term MAS change. [7] The water-energy b ...
... detailed hydrologic model to over 400 watersheds, which can be a very tedious exercise, a simple conceptual model based on the Budyko hypothesis [Budyko, 1974] is used to quantify the impact of climate and humans on MAS. Thus, this study is focused on the long-term MAS change. [7] The water-energy b ...
English
... Climate change and change in climate variability pose serious risks to the environment and to life itself. All people and all sectors are likely to be affected. Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change – almost all countries in the world - have recognized the need to take ...
... Climate change and change in climate variability pose serious risks to the environment and to life itself. All people and all sectors are likely to be affected. Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change – almost all countries in the world - have recognized the need to take ...
Observed 20th Century Desert Dust Variability: Impact on Climate
... effective proxy for mineral dust in deep-sea sediments and corals (Mukhopadhyay and Kreycik, 2008;Patterson et al., 1999;Winckler et al., 2005). The 4He record therefore, provides a near-annual proxy record of dust deposition in the Northern Red Sea during the 20th century. Large fluctuations are ob ...
... effective proxy for mineral dust in deep-sea sediments and corals (Mukhopadhyay and Kreycik, 2008;Patterson et al., 1999;Winckler et al., 2005). The 4He record therefore, provides a near-annual proxy record of dust deposition in the Northern Red Sea during the 20th century. Large fluctuations are ob ...
Review of the White Paper on the contribution of the GFCS to
... – together with other relevant information – into customized products such as projections, trends, economic analysis and services to user communities in different sectors. It is important to recognize that the goals in themselves are not independent. That is, a lack of food security will impact on p ...
... – together with other relevant information – into customized products such as projections, trends, economic analysis and services to user communities in different sectors. It is important to recognize that the goals in themselves are not independent. That is, a lack of food security will impact on p ...
Land use planning tools for local adaptation to climate change
... The District of Elkford is a small community (population 2500) in the Rocky Mountains of southeastern British Columbia. Historically, Elkford has dealt with several climate-related hazards, including flooding, drought and wildfires. A changing climate magnifies all these risks. In 2008, Elkford, wit ...
... The District of Elkford is a small community (population 2500) in the Rocky Mountains of southeastern British Columbia. Historically, Elkford has dealt with several climate-related hazards, including flooding, drought and wildfires. A changing climate magnifies all these risks. In 2008, Elkford, wit ...
Climate change feedback
Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""