assessing the climate change adaptability of buildings
... health and well-being. It is essential that we identify the nature and extent of their vulnerabilities and resilience if they are to be adapted in a timely and effective manner. There are many assessment tools and methods being developed and used for identifying vulnerability and adaptive capacity o ...
... health and well-being. It is essential that we identify the nature and extent of their vulnerabilities and resilience if they are to be adapted in a timely and effective manner. There are many assessment tools and methods being developed and used for identifying vulnerability and adaptive capacity o ...
Integrating Climate-Change Adaptation into Sectoral Policies in Ireland Report Series No. 10
... in 2010. The aim of the analysis was to inform options ...
... in 2010. The aim of the analysis was to inform options ...
Ecosystem Processes and Human Influences Regulate Streamflow Response to Climate Change at
... temperature in water-surplus ecosystems and lower than was predicted in water-deficit ecosystems. Streamflow was correlated with climate variability indices (e.g., the El Niño–Southern Oscillation, the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, the North Atlantic Oscillation), especially in seasons when vegetatio ...
... temperature in water-surplus ecosystems and lower than was predicted in water-deficit ecosystems. Streamflow was correlated with climate variability indices (e.g., the El Niño–Southern Oscillation, the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, the North Atlantic Oscillation), especially in seasons when vegetatio ...
Ecosystem Processes and Human Influences
... temperature in water-surplus ecosystems and lower than was predicted in water-deficit ecosystems. Streamflow was correlated with climate variability indices (e.g., the El Niño–Southern Oscillation, the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, the North Atlantic Oscillation), especially in seasons when vegetatio ...
... temperature in water-surplus ecosystems and lower than was predicted in water-deficit ecosystems. Streamflow was correlated with climate variability indices (e.g., the El Niño–Southern Oscillation, the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, the North Atlantic Oscillation), especially in seasons when vegetatio ...
From Impacts Assessment to Adaptation Priorities: the Shaping of
... comparatively low and often absent, and to the extent that it was present at all, it was in the context of mitigation debates. One important reason for this is that it is widely understood that in the long term adaptation will not suffice. The atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gasses will hav ...
... comparatively low and often absent, and to the extent that it was present at all, it was in the context of mitigation debates. One important reason for this is that it is widely understood that in the long term adaptation will not suffice. The atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gasses will hav ...
Global Climate Change - kelleymarine
... Research Program is RAPID (Rapid Climate Change Program) ...
... Research Program is RAPID (Rapid Climate Change Program) ...
Climate System Response to Stratospheric Ozone Depletion and
... in the discussion that follows, although the ozone hole itself is geographically localized its associated climate impacts are not, because they extend over the entire SH. Stratospheric ozone and GHG forcings also have very different time histories during the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. The ...
... in the discussion that follows, although the ozone hole itself is geographically localized its associated climate impacts are not, because they extend over the entire SH. Stratospheric ozone and GHG forcings also have very different time histories during the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. The ...
Potential changes in forest composition could reduce impacts of
... The response of the boreal forest to further warming is a major concern because high-latitude boreal regions are likely to be most affected by these changes (IPCC 2007), and the expected response of fire activity is closely linked to warmer and drier weather (Balshi et al. 2009). Recent temperature i ...
... The response of the boreal forest to further warming is a major concern because high-latitude boreal regions are likely to be most affected by these changes (IPCC 2007), and the expected response of fire activity is closely linked to warmer and drier weather (Balshi et al. 2009). Recent temperature i ...
Working with Nature to Tackle Climate Change
... the tasks of the ENCA Network5 and its members. There is a growing body of literature and discussion on all of these, and it is not our intention to repeat what has already been said. Rather, we have sought to contribute some of our own experience on the lessons to be learned from the perspective of ...
... the tasks of the ENCA Network5 and its members. There is a growing body of literature and discussion on all of these, and it is not our intention to repeat what has already been said. Rather, we have sought to contribute some of our own experience on the lessons to be learned from the perspective of ...
Climate Change and its Health Implications
... and the capacity of Earth’s ‘sinks’ whereby emissions are removed. Forest growth and the oceans absorb one third of humaninduced carbon emissions, leaving the remainder to accumulate in the atmosphere. Other sinks for GHGs include photolytic destruction in the stratosphere; aerosols are to some exte ...
... and the capacity of Earth’s ‘sinks’ whereby emissions are removed. Forest growth and the oceans absorb one third of humaninduced carbon emissions, leaving the remainder to accumulate in the atmosphere. Other sinks for GHGs include photolytic destruction in the stratosphere; aerosols are to some exte ...
Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) in the European Union
... profound changes in the near future. Due to its mixture of many functions and resources with often high population densities, the coastal zone is a complex area to manage and requires a holistic integrated approach. Three main triggers driving ICZM programmes are the increasing population density in ...
... profound changes in the near future. Due to its mixture of many functions and resources with often high population densities, the coastal zone is a complex area to manage and requires a holistic integrated approach. Three main triggers driving ICZM programmes are the increasing population density in ...
Chapter 1 Introduction - Wageningen UR E
... Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. First commitment period, refers to the first commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol, 20082012, in this period the targets set under the Kyoto Protocol by the Parties need to be achieved. ...
... Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. First commitment period, refers to the first commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol, 20082012, in this period the targets set under the Kyoto Protocol by the Parties need to be achieved. ...
PDF
... being observed in North Dakota1). Such developments will have an effect on the volume of grain production and the demand placed on the transport system since wheat yields on average are 44 bushels/acre, while corn yields average around 165 bushels/acre according to USDA statistics. Given differences ...
... being observed in North Dakota1). Such developments will have an effect on the volume of grain production and the demand placed on the transport system since wheat yields on average are 44 bushels/acre, while corn yields average around 165 bushels/acre according to USDA statistics. Given differences ...
Loss and Damage: The Role of Ecosystem Services
... Climate change is increasing the risk of loss and damage from extreme weather and slow onset events. Loss and damage has become a major policy issue as identified in the 2015 Paris Agreement under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The Paris Agreement’s Article 8 sta ...
... Climate change is increasing the risk of loss and damage from extreme weather and slow onset events. Loss and damage has become a major policy issue as identified in the 2015 Paris Agreement under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The Paris Agreement’s Article 8 sta ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES TEMPERATURE, HUMAN HEALTH, AND ADAPTATION:
... based on visual inspection of the relevant figures, and the conclusions stated by the authors. The main points that emerge from this literature review are that despite the wide variety of data sets and settings most studies find that temperature extremes lead to signific ...
... based on visual inspection of the relevant figures, and the conclusions stated by the authors. The main points that emerge from this literature review are that despite the wide variety of data sets and settings most studies find that temperature extremes lead to signific ...
Needs Assessment: Cayman Islands
... strongest to hit the CI in recent years was in 2004, when onshore winds generated by Hurricane Ivan brought major storm surges of up to 9.8 feet and wave heights of around 8 metres, flooding large coastal areas and depositing huge amounts of sand over roads, houses and infrastructure.2 In recent dec ...
... strongest to hit the CI in recent years was in 2004, when onshore winds generated by Hurricane Ivan brought major storm surges of up to 9.8 feet and wave heights of around 8 metres, flooding large coastal areas and depositing huge amounts of sand over roads, houses and infrastructure.2 In recent dec ...
Land-Based Pollution in the Arctic Ocean
... amplify impacts on human and ecosystem health and wellbeing. For example, the combined impact of contaminants, ozone depletion, and climatic warming may be greater than the sum of its parts. However, there is still much to learn about this complex ecosystem. The 2004 ACIA report concentrated on the ...
... amplify impacts on human and ecosystem health and wellbeing. For example, the combined impact of contaminants, ozone depletion, and climatic warming may be greater than the sum of its parts. However, there is still much to learn about this complex ecosystem. The 2004 ACIA report concentrated on the ...
CSC Report_Laura Roth_geändert 07.04
... Climate change is one of the most tremendous environmental problems that the world is facing nowadays. Scientific evidence shows unequivocally that the climate system is warming (IPCC, 2007a). The impacts of climate change are already beginning to be experienced and no country or region of the world ...
... Climate change is one of the most tremendous environmental problems that the world is facing nowadays. Scientific evidence shows unequivocally that the climate system is warming (IPCC, 2007a). The impacts of climate change are already beginning to be experienced and no country or region of the world ...
Linking Climate Change and Fish Conservation Efforts Using
... conservation professionals is rapidly expanding (Overpeck et al. 2011; Porter et al. 2012). However, the sheer volume of data can be overwhelming and compound an already complicated decision context that may include other non-climate stressors, such as consumptive water use, habitat fragmentation, a ...
... conservation professionals is rapidly expanding (Overpeck et al. 2011; Porter et al. 2012). However, the sheer volume of data can be overwhelming and compound an already complicated decision context that may include other non-climate stressors, such as consumptive water use, habitat fragmentation, a ...
The Effects of Climate Change and Urbanization on
... In the field of hydrology, there has been extensive research assessing the affect of either urbanization or climate change on watershed runoff. However, the combined effect of these two variables has been coming under increased scrutiny in recent years in order to assess the regional influence of cl ...
... In the field of hydrology, there has been extensive research assessing the affect of either urbanization or climate change on watershed runoff. However, the combined effect of these two variables has been coming under increased scrutiny in recent years in order to assess the regional influence of cl ...
Carnegie Mellon University
... In that way… …I could construct a PDF and CDF for future San Diego rainfall that would look roughly like this. ...
... In that way… …I could construct a PDF and CDF for future San Diego rainfall that would look roughly like this. ...
Expect Above Average Temperatures: Identifying the Economic
... I abstract from constraints. One could also model a1 as affecting constraints on a2 . The results would be qualitatively similar to those we will obtain below. ...
... I abstract from constraints. One could also model a1 as affecting constraints on a2 . The results would be qualitatively similar to those we will obtain below. ...
Load scenarios for Ecosupport
... scenario, the maximum allowable loads. However, the three models are calibrated to slightly different standard loads and with different assumptions on bioavailability of organic loads (Eilola et al., 2011). Thus, we apply changes of loads to the reference period loads for the different scenarios, an ...
... scenario, the maximum allowable loads. However, the three models are calibrated to slightly different standard loads and with different assumptions on bioavailability of organic loads (Eilola et al., 2011). Thus, we apply changes of loads to the reference period loads for the different scenarios, an ...
Assessing risk of and adaptation to sea-level rise
... Specifically, the new data on elevation and areal extents were calculated for the EU27 countries using data from the more detailed SRTM digital elevation model (Rabus et al. 2003; http://srtm.usgs.gov/). Due to their higher resolution (90 m instead of 1 km) SRTM data are better suited to regional-sc ...
... Specifically, the new data on elevation and areal extents were calculated for the EU27 countries using data from the more detailed SRTM digital elevation model (Rabus et al. 2003; http://srtm.usgs.gov/). Due to their higher resolution (90 m instead of 1 km) SRTM data are better suited to regional-sc ...
Four Futures for Energy Markets and Climate Change
... The central role for energy Energy is one of the keys to economic development and in order to explore future European economies, a profound analysis of the role of energy is necessary. Societies are fuelled by energy and future economic growth will ask for increased availability and use of energy. T ...
... The central role for energy Energy is one of the keys to economic development and in order to explore future European economies, a profound analysis of the role of energy is necessary. Societies are fuelled by energy and future economic growth will ask for increased availability and use of energy. T ...
Climate change feedback
Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""