Climate.Stream.Network_Herbst.updated.for
... are especially vulnerable in shifting rain/snow transition zones, with habitat compression occurring in headwaters, and altered flow timing and warming occurring everywhere, all creating ecological challenges • Design of a monitoring network for detecting climate change effects on mountain streams r ...
... are especially vulnerable in shifting rain/snow transition zones, with habitat compression occurring in headwaters, and altered flow timing and warming occurring everywhere, all creating ecological challenges • Design of a monitoring network for detecting climate change effects on mountain streams r ...
the Minneapolis Climate Factsheet
... innesota is the fastest-warming state in the continental U.S. during the winter, with temperatures and overnight low temperatures contributing the most to the rapid warming (1970-2012, NOAA). City leaders are adjusting infrastructure to accommodate a growing population, and more severe temperatures ...
... innesota is the fastest-warming state in the continental U.S. during the winter, with temperatures and overnight low temperatures contributing the most to the rapid warming (1970-2012, NOAA). City leaders are adjusting infrastructure to accommodate a growing population, and more severe temperatures ...
K Eʻ P AI
... the overall quality of the video product. The site should not be a high noise area and, where possible, should be away from all motor traffic noise. The OSF uses their judgment and local knowledge to select the initial interview site. It is often desirable to schedule time to meet with, and potentia ...
... the overall quality of the video product. The site should not be a high noise area and, where possible, should be away from all motor traffic noise. The OSF uses their judgment and local knowledge to select the initial interview site. It is often desirable to schedule time to meet with, and potentia ...
a critical error
... Projections of global mean surface temperature for the period up to 2100 are based on cumulative annual global emissions of greenhouse gases up to the end of the century. While Lomborg (2015) purports to analyse the temperature changes associated with policies affecting emissions up to 2030, the aut ...
... Projections of global mean surface temperature for the period up to 2100 are based on cumulative annual global emissions of greenhouse gases up to the end of the century. While Lomborg (2015) purports to analyse the temperature changes associated with policies affecting emissions up to 2030, the aut ...
Assessing adaptation and mitigation options at multiple scales in the
... political and economic integration • State and non-state actors take a proactive stance towards food security, environment and livelihoods Cassava: Could be an important crop for adaptation – more productive under rising temperatures and has unrivalled drought resistance. Under the ‘Ants’ scenario, ...
... political and economic integration • State and non-state actors take a proactive stance towards food security, environment and livelihoods Cassava: Could be an important crop for adaptation – more productive under rising temperatures and has unrivalled drought resistance. Under the ‘Ants’ scenario, ...
Implementation of Alternative Energy Sources (set budget)
... Climate change as defined by the EPA, “any significant change in the measures of climate lasting for an extended period of time”, has been increasing by a catastrophic rate in the past century. Climate change comes in many forms including acidic oceans, rising temperatures, and melting glaciers. The ...
... Climate change as defined by the EPA, “any significant change in the measures of climate lasting for an extended period of time”, has been increasing by a catastrophic rate in the past century. Climate change comes in many forms including acidic oceans, rising temperatures, and melting glaciers. The ...
A Call for Climate Leadership
... An immense and ever-growing body of scientific evidence concludes that over-reliance on fossil fuels is destabilizing the climate and causing the planet to warm at dangerous rates.1 This threatens our ability to continue the human progress that has occurred over the last 10,000 years - a time of rel ...
... An immense and ever-growing body of scientific evidence concludes that over-reliance on fossil fuels is destabilizing the climate and causing the planet to warm at dangerous rates.1 This threatens our ability to continue the human progress that has occurred over the last 10,000 years - a time of rel ...
UCLA_IOE_Feb2007 - UCLA: Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences
... values. They mostly fall well outside the range of the observed estimate, suggesting many models have an unrealistic snow albedo feedback. The range in the feedback strength can be attributed mostly to differing estimates of the albedo of 100% snow-covered surfaces. (3) These results map out a clear ...
... values. They mostly fall well outside the range of the observed estimate, suggesting many models have an unrealistic snow albedo feedback. The range in the feedback strength can be attributed mostly to differing estimates of the albedo of 100% snow-covered surfaces. (3) These results map out a clear ...
Forest Fires: influences of climate change and human activity
... (especially eastern Canada) promoted fire. Most semi-arid regions, including the Sahel, central Australia, central Asia, southern Africa, and the western U.S., show a high probability of increased wildfires including in grassland ecosystems, especially for >3°C, reflecting increased biomass growth. ...
... (especially eastern Canada) promoted fire. Most semi-arid regions, including the Sahel, central Australia, central Asia, southern Africa, and the western U.S., show a high probability of increased wildfires including in grassland ecosystems, especially for >3°C, reflecting increased biomass growth. ...
Testimony
... 1.5.1.1 The Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico is a relatively enclosed region with high population loads, and in almost all areas will reflect a combination of local and regional human stresses with climaterelated stresses. It can serve as the “high-to-moderate local stress” component of an ecosystembase ...
... 1.5.1.1 The Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico is a relatively enclosed region with high population loads, and in almost all areas will reflect a combination of local and regional human stresses with climaterelated stresses. It can serve as the “high-to-moderate local stress” component of an ecosystembase ...
NEW CONCEPT NOTE UNDER IKI_CC
... drawbacks for ensuring benefit sharing by local communities. This situation could decrease community participation and accelerate destruction of forests leading to increased carbon emissions. Moreover, lack of land tenure clarity and land use plans weakness hinder REDD+ implementation. Efforts for ...
... drawbacks for ensuring benefit sharing by local communities. This situation could decrease community participation and accelerate destruction of forests leading to increased carbon emissions. Moreover, lack of land tenure clarity and land use plans weakness hinder REDD+ implementation. Efforts for ...
EDITORIAL The global atmospheric water cycle
... As there is a much smaller increase in the average precipitation, this means that the whole spectrum of precipitation changes (Semenov and Bengtsson 2002). As the climate warming so far has been rather modest and only about some 25% compared to the experiment used by Bengtsson et al (2009), we expec ...
... As there is a much smaller increase in the average precipitation, this means that the whole spectrum of precipitation changes (Semenov and Bengtsson 2002). As the climate warming so far has been rather modest and only about some 25% compared to the experiment used by Bengtsson et al (2009), we expec ...
Climate Justice beyond 2012
... In 2004, developed countries accounted for 20 percent of world population and 46 percent of global emissions. Developing countries generated one-fourth the per capita emissions of developed countries. Industrialised countries therefore are most responsible for climate change and have acknowledged th ...
... In 2004, developed countries accounted for 20 percent of world population and 46 percent of global emissions. Developing countries generated one-fourth the per capita emissions of developed countries. Industrialised countries therefore are most responsible for climate change and have acknowledged th ...
Climate change and indigenous peoples
... In the Amazon, the effects of climate change include deforestation and forest fragmentation, and consequently, more carbon released into the atmosphere exacerbating and creating further changes. Droughts in 2005 resulted in fires in the western Amazon region. This is likely to occur again as rainfor ...
... In the Amazon, the effects of climate change include deforestation and forest fragmentation, and consequently, more carbon released into the atmosphere exacerbating and creating further changes. Droughts in 2005 resulted in fires in the western Amazon region. This is likely to occur again as rainfor ...
Observed Strengthening of the Zonal Sea Surface Temperature Gradient
... that is not significantly different from zero, which is when DxSST is a climatological maximum and has been strengthening. Because the mean annual cycle of DxSLP is in phase with that of DxSST, it is a valid interpretation of Figs. 4a–c that, amid a general weakening, the seasonality of the zonal at ...
... that is not significantly different from zero, which is when DxSST is a climatological maximum and has been strengthening. Because the mean annual cycle of DxSLP is in phase with that of DxSST, it is a valid interpretation of Figs. 4a–c that, amid a general weakening, the seasonality of the zonal at ...
Global warming - The Open University
... What happens when the models are run forward? It depends upon the models used and the scenarios they are asked to run. It seems almost certain, however, that there will be increases in the global mean surface temperature, to the order of +1.5 to +4.5 °C (– possibly more, according to some models and ...
... What happens when the models are run forward? It depends upon the models used and the scenarios they are asked to run. It seems almost certain, however, that there will be increases in the global mean surface temperature, to the order of +1.5 to +4.5 °C (– possibly more, according to some models and ...
Blanket peat biome endangered by climate change
... with labrador tea (Ledum groenlandicum), bog laurel (Kalmia spp.) and crowberry (Empetrum nigrum)11 . Other cushion-forming species, such as asterid (Donatia fascicularis), oreob (Oreobolus obtusangulus) and astelia (Astelia pumila) dominate blanket bog in Patagonia12 . A different asterid (Donatia ...
... with labrador tea (Ledum groenlandicum), bog laurel (Kalmia spp.) and crowberry (Empetrum nigrum)11 . Other cushion-forming species, such as asterid (Donatia fascicularis), oreob (Oreobolus obtusangulus) and astelia (Astelia pumila) dominate blanket bog in Patagonia12 . A different asterid (Donatia ...
Climate Economics: The Literature and its Utility
... 12% increase. He stated that “there are serious objections against any over-emphasis of the CO2 theory” given that: “it deals with one single term of the global heat balance”, and the historical record. He concluded from the historical record: “Such examples seem to demonstrate that the CO2 effect ...
... 12% increase. He stated that “there are serious objections against any over-emphasis of the CO2 theory” given that: “it deals with one single term of the global heat balance”, and the historical record. He concluded from the historical record: “Such examples seem to demonstrate that the CO2 effect ...
GSS_2004_Abstract_Volume - USF College of Marine Science
... stress, which is otherwise difficult and expensive to monitor directly, from temperature stress, which is relatively easy and comparatively inexpensive to monitor. Experimental evidence indicates that both corals and foraminifers bleach more readily when exposed to higher energy solar radiation (blu ...
... stress, which is otherwise difficult and expensive to monitor directly, from temperature stress, which is relatively easy and comparatively inexpensive to monitor. Experimental evidence indicates that both corals and foraminifers bleach more readily when exposed to higher energy solar radiation (blu ...
Wetlands and carbon - Waquoit Bay National Estuarine Research
... releases. Carbon sinks can serve to partially offset greenhouse gas emissions. Forests and oceans are both large carbon sinks. Carbon source: A reservoir or component of the carbon cycle that releases more carbon than it absorbs. For example, emissions through the burning of fossil fuels are a sourc ...
... releases. Carbon sinks can serve to partially offset greenhouse gas emissions. Forests and oceans are both large carbon sinks. Carbon source: A reservoir or component of the carbon cycle that releases more carbon than it absorbs. For example, emissions through the burning of fossil fuels are a sourc ...
Document
... • It is possible to predict the effects of climate change on river flows and water quality, but a long chain of models and assumptions is required; • Different assumptions can lead to radically different outcomes; • These start at the top of the model chain – some GCMs give a substantial increase in ...
... • It is possible to predict the effects of climate change on river flows and water quality, but a long chain of models and assumptions is required; • Different assumptions can lead to radically different outcomes; • These start at the top of the model chain – some GCMs give a substantial increase in ...
Ocean acidification in the western tropical Pacific
... aragonite) is used by corals to form hard reef structures. Coral growth is strongly linked with the aragonite saturation state of seawater. Projections of aragonite saturation state under high and medium carbon dioxide emission scenarios suggest it will be harder for corals and other marine organism ...
... aragonite) is used by corals to form hard reef structures. Coral growth is strongly linked with the aragonite saturation state of seawater. Projections of aragonite saturation state under high and medium carbon dioxide emission scenarios suggest it will be harder for corals and other marine organism ...
udall rcrf update boulder 4 21 2009
... • Decreases in runoff due to temperature increases, perhaps small precipitation declines • Dryness consistent with world-wide poleward movement of deserts from ~30 N/S Latitude • Warning: GCMs have relatively crude hydrologic cycle (After Milly, P.C.D., K.A. Dunne, A.V. Vecchia, Global pattern of tr ...
... • Decreases in runoff due to temperature increases, perhaps small precipitation declines • Dryness consistent with world-wide poleward movement of deserts from ~30 N/S Latitude • Warning: GCMs have relatively crude hydrologic cycle (After Milly, P.C.D., K.A. Dunne, A.V. Vecchia, Global pattern of tr ...
PDF
... Integrated assessment models of climate change came into their own with the seminal work of William Nordhaus at Yale University. The DICE model was the first to incorporate the core biogeochemical and climate relationships in an optimal economic growth framework, with feedbacks between the various c ...
... Integrated assessment models of climate change came into their own with the seminal work of William Nordhaus at Yale University. The DICE model was the first to incorporate the core biogeochemical and climate relationships in an optimal economic growth framework, with feedbacks between the various c ...
Climate change feedback
Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""