SECOND-ORDER DRAFT IPCC WGII AR5 Chapter 10 Do Not Cite
... faster economic growth in developing countries; no mitigation policies in addition to those in place in 2008) by the TIMER/IMAGE model (Isaac and Van Vuuren, 2009). The increase is from nearly 300 TWh in 2000, to about 4,000 TWh in 2050 and more than 10,000 TWh in 2100, about 75% of which is due to ...
... faster economic growth in developing countries; no mitigation policies in addition to those in place in 2008) by the TIMER/IMAGE model (Isaac and Van Vuuren, 2009). The increase is from nearly 300 TWh in 2000, to about 4,000 TWh in 2050 and more than 10,000 TWh in 2100, about 75% of which is due to ...
Net regional methane sink in High Arctic soils of northeast Greenland
... nine Landsat scenes. We conclude that the ice-free area of northeast Greenland acts as a net sink of atmospheric methane, and suggest that this sink will probably be enhanced under future warmer climatic conditions. Future climate change is likely to affect the drivers for soil CH4 oxidation in Arct ...
... nine Landsat scenes. We conclude that the ice-free area of northeast Greenland acts as a net sink of atmospheric methane, and suggest that this sink will probably be enhanced under future warmer climatic conditions. Future climate change is likely to affect the drivers for soil CH4 oxidation in Arct ...
Managing Physical Impacts of Climate Change: An Attentional
... stimuli and decide how much effort to spend on developing a response for those stimuli they choose to act on. Insight into this process is important, because climate stimuli are notorious for their impact to be underestimated (Hulme, 2009). Consequently, climate change has been referred to as a pred ...
... stimuli and decide how much effort to spend on developing a response for those stimuli they choose to act on. Insight into this process is important, because climate stimuli are notorious for their impact to be underestimated (Hulme, 2009). Consequently, climate change has been referred to as a pred ...
The Resolution Dependence of Contiguous U.S. Precipitation
... methods based on the statistical distribution of precipitation in the present-day climate or further integration with a regional model, to add regional value to coupled model output (e.g., Dibike and Coulibaly 2006; Frei et al. 2006; Gutowski et al. 2010; Ning et al. 2015; Schoof 2015). However, suc ...
... methods based on the statistical distribution of precipitation in the present-day climate or further integration with a regional model, to add regional value to coupled model output (e.g., Dibike and Coulibaly 2006; Frei et al. 2006; Gutowski et al. 2010; Ning et al. 2015; Schoof 2015). However, suc ...
The anatomy of a climatic oscillation: vegetation change in eastern
... modern relationship between pollen abundance and climate for eastern North America (Fig. 1). The Rind et al. (1986) simulations, although obsolete by today’s standards, are available through the NOAA World Data Center for Paleoclimatology and can serve as an illustrative example. They show that clos ...
... modern relationship between pollen abundance and climate for eastern North America (Fig. 1). The Rind et al. (1986) simulations, although obsolete by today’s standards, are available through the NOAA World Data Center for Paleoclimatology and can serve as an illustrative example. They show that clos ...
Chapter 9: Marine Systems - Arctic Climate Impact Assessment
... the Arctic Ocean and its adjacent shelf seas, as well as the Nordic Seas, the Labrador Sea, and the Bering Sea. These are very important areas from a climate change perspective since processes occurring in the Arctic affect the rate of deep-water formation in the convective regions of the North Atla ...
... the Arctic Ocean and its adjacent shelf seas, as well as the Nordic Seas, the Labrador Sea, and the Bering Sea. These are very important areas from a climate change perspective since processes occurring in the Arctic affect the rate of deep-water formation in the convective regions of the North Atla ...
The Al Gore Effect - University of Oregon
... Awareness campaigns that promote behavioral change exist across a wide spectrum of concerns, including health (e.g., National Breast Cancer Awareness Month events that encourage screening), political engagement (e.g., MTV’s Rock the Vote program that facilitates voter registration and promotes voter ...
... Awareness campaigns that promote behavioral change exist across a wide spectrum of concerns, including health (e.g., National Breast Cancer Awareness Month events that encourage screening), political engagement (e.g., MTV’s Rock the Vote program that facilitates voter registration and promotes voter ...
Post Paris: Australia`s climate policy options
... The global climate is warming and it is extremely likely that greenhouse gases produced by human activity since the middle of last century are the main cause.1 The international community is committed to avoiding the dangerous consequences of climate change. To that end, the world’s governments have ...
... The global climate is warming and it is extremely likely that greenhouse gases produced by human activity since the middle of last century are the main cause.1 The international community is committed to avoiding the dangerous consequences of climate change. To that end, the world’s governments have ...
PDF
... Global warming poses one of the biggest global environmental threats for current and even more so for future generations. There is a scientific consensus that human activities, through which greenhouse gases are emitted into the atmosphere, are changing our climate (IPCC, 2001a). Greenhouse gases ha ...
... Global warming poses one of the biggest global environmental threats for current and even more so for future generations. There is a scientific consensus that human activities, through which greenhouse gases are emitted into the atmosphere, are changing our climate (IPCC, 2001a). Greenhouse gases ha ...
The Future of the Antarctic Ozone Hole
... The Antarctic ozone hole was first detected by the British Antarctic Survey’s Total Ozone Mapping spectrometer in the early 1980s. Since then the importance of the ozone hole and the implications for global climate have been realized. This literature review covers the history, current state of knowl ...
... The Antarctic ozone hole was first detected by the British Antarctic Survey’s Total Ozone Mapping spectrometer in the early 1980s. Since then the importance of the ozone hole and the implications for global climate have been realized. This literature review covers the history, current state of knowl ...
lcmexl978i.pdf
... (ECLAC) in Mexico City, as part of the Project “The Economics of Climate Change in Central America”. The opinions expressed in this document are strictly those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of ECLAC or of the Project’s partner institutions. The boundaries and names that app ...
... (ECLAC) in Mexico City, as part of the Project “The Economics of Climate Change in Central America”. The opinions expressed in this document are strictly those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of ECLAC or of the Project’s partner institutions. The boundaries and names that app ...
in ACP.
... Besides the continental eastern US and western Europe the largest emissions from air traffic also occur over the North Atlantic, though further north than the shipping maxima. In the southern hemisphere NOx emissions are largely dominated by non-traffic sources and biomass burning. The simulation pe ...
... Besides the continental eastern US and western Europe the largest emissions from air traffic also occur over the North Atlantic, though further north than the shipping maxima. In the southern hemisphere NOx emissions are largely dominated by non-traffic sources and biomass burning. The simulation pe ...
gcos regional action plan for central asia
... and property in Central Asia. The countries of this region are now striving for sustainable development of their resources. This striving is generating increasing needs for observational data on all components of the climate system. Such data are needed to assist governments and industries to assess ...
... and property in Central Asia. The countries of this region are now striving for sustainable development of their resources. This striving is generating increasing needs for observational data on all components of the climate system. Such data are needed to assist governments and industries to assess ...
Evanston Climate Action Plan
... the last 650,000 years. The increase in carbon dioxide observed has been escalading since the industrial revolution and can be explained only by human-caused emissions of greenhouse gases. The impacts of climate change are increasingly apparent. Extreme weather events such as heat waves and heavy do ...
... the last 650,000 years. The increase in carbon dioxide observed has been escalading since the industrial revolution and can be explained only by human-caused emissions of greenhouse gases. The impacts of climate change are increasingly apparent. Extreme weather events such as heat waves and heavy do ...
Climate Science, the Public and the News Media
... Climate change is one of the foremost global challenges of our time. The scientific consensus as reported by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is that, without action to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases, there is a significant probability that global average temperatures will ...
... Climate change is one of the foremost global challenges of our time. The scientific consensus as reported by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is that, without action to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases, there is a significant probability that global average temperatures will ...
Synthesiology - English edition
... change in the future? The Fourth Assessment Report of the IPCC predicts a frequent occurrence of powerful El Niños[9] but there is much opposition. The investigations of coral skeletons were conducted actively to address this issue.[1] Through the analysis of coral records over 500 years including t ...
... change in the future? The Fourth Assessment Report of the IPCC predicts a frequent occurrence of powerful El Niños[9] but there is much opposition. The investigations of coral skeletons were conducted actively to address this issue.[1] Through the analysis of coral records over 500 years including t ...
Glantz 2004 - Ilan Kelman
... During the preparation of this report, I realized that there was a major difference among the needs and interests of specific targeted audiences for a report on the development of a Climate Affairs Program (or activity) and Center at education or training center. As I see it, while the direct contac ...
... During the preparation of this report, I realized that there was a major difference among the needs and interests of specific targeted audiences for a report on the development of a Climate Affairs Program (or activity) and Center at education or training center. As I see it, while the direct contac ...
Transportation Cost Analysis - Air Pollution Costs
... cost (actual damages) and risk (possibility of future damages).11 For example, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which consists of hundreds of scientists, concluded, “Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, as is now evident from observations of increases in global average air and ...
... cost (actual damages) and risk (possibility of future damages).11 For example, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which consists of hundreds of scientists, concluded, “Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, as is now evident from observations of increases in global average air and ...
S T A ?
... The increasing U.S. focus on adaptation in both policy and litigation represents a significant shift in our approach to climate change. The U.S. debate over climate change has largely focused on mitigation: how to go about reducing U.S. GHG emissions from energy production, transportation, industria ...
... The increasing U.S. focus on adaptation in both policy and litigation represents a significant shift in our approach to climate change. The U.S. debate over climate change has largely focused on mitigation: how to go about reducing U.S. GHG emissions from energy production, transportation, industria ...
Undergraduate Thesis - College of Forestry and Conservation
... Like climate change today, each gradual shift in the definition of wilderness was spurred by some sort of societal shift or crisis. The resource extraction following the mindset of Manifest Destiny left mine tailings poisoning rivers and whole forests leveled for their timber, prompting the drive fo ...
... Like climate change today, each gradual shift in the definition of wilderness was spurred by some sort of societal shift or crisis. The resource extraction following the mindset of Manifest Destiny left mine tailings poisoning rivers and whole forests leveled for their timber, prompting the drive fo ...
Estimating the Effect of Climate Change on the Hydrology of the Nile
... Considerable evidence supports the contention that climate change will increase average temperatures throughout the Nile River Basin (Di Baldasserre et al. 2011; El-Din 2013; Chen 2012). As shown by the Clausius-Clapeyron equation, in high temperature regions such as the Nile River Basin, even a sma ...
... Considerable evidence supports the contention that climate change will increase average temperatures throughout the Nile River Basin (Di Baldasserre et al. 2011; El-Din 2013; Chen 2012). As shown by the Clausius-Clapeyron equation, in high temperature regions such as the Nile River Basin, even a sma ...
Namakwa District Municipality
... Figure 39: Priority areas identified in the National Freshwater Ecosystem Priority Area Project ..... 47 Figure 40: Priority areas identified in the Namakwa District Biodiversity Sector Plan .......................... 47 Figure 41: Commonage areas in the Namakwa District ............................ ...
... Figure 39: Priority areas identified in the National Freshwater Ecosystem Priority Area Project ..... 47 Figure 40: Priority areas identified in the Namakwa District Biodiversity Sector Plan .......................... 47 Figure 41: Commonage areas in the Namakwa District ............................ ...
Climate Change Issues and Impacts in the Wet Tropics
... The focus of this report is on possible impacts and threats, not adaptation options that will be discussed in a future report. Chapter 9 discusses the science of adaptation in a general sense and mitigation opportunities relating to carbon storage are discussed in a section of Chapter 6. The report ...
... The focus of this report is on possible impacts and threats, not adaptation options that will be discussed in a future report. Chapter 9 discusses the science of adaptation in a general sense and mitigation opportunities relating to carbon storage are discussed in a section of Chapter 6. The report ...
Climate Projections for Metro Vancouver
... requires specific information on how changes in temperature and precipitation will play out locally, how expected changes may vary throughout the seasons, and about new climate extremes. Work has been completed by the Pacific Climate Impacts Consortium (PCIC) to understand the details of how our cli ...
... requires specific information on how changes in temperature and precipitation will play out locally, how expected changes may vary throughout the seasons, and about new climate extremes. Work has been completed by the Pacific Climate Impacts Consortium (PCIC) to understand the details of how our cli ...
Climate change feedback
Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""