S2013034_en.pdf
... provide a framework that supports international cooperation on this issue. The Kyoto Protocol (UNFCCC, 1997) established legal commitments towards the reduction of GHGs from some industrialized countries (called Annex I countries), as well as mechanisms such as emissions trading, the Clean Developme ...
... provide a framework that supports international cooperation on this issue. The Kyoto Protocol (UNFCCC, 1997) established legal commitments towards the reduction of GHGs from some industrialized countries (called Annex I countries), as well as mechanisms such as emissions trading, the Clean Developme ...
Draft Discussion Paper Ilaria Carrozza ESCAP/FfD/04/2015
... including for the exchange of technology and know-how, will be vital to developing the appropriate conditions for low-carbon economies to flourish. ...
... including for the exchange of technology and know-how, will be vital to developing the appropriate conditions for low-carbon economies to flourish. ...
To What Extent Are African Countries Vulnerable to Climate
... available for the whole set of developing countries, and which are easily understandable, so that the index can be used in a transparent manner. In the search for such an indicator, it seems useful to refer to two streams of literature. First, the environmental literature offers various definitions ...
... available for the whole set of developing countries, and which are easily understandable, so that the index can be used in a transparent manner. In the search for such an indicator, it seems useful to refer to two streams of literature. First, the environmental literature offers various definitions ...
DEVELOPMENT AND CLIMATE CHANGE IN TANZANIA: FOCUS
... climate trends and climate change scenarios for Tanzania are assessed, and key sectoral impacts are identified and ranked along multiple indicators to establish priorities for adaptation. Second, donor portfolios in Tanzania are analyzed to examine the proportion of donor activities affected by clim ...
... climate trends and climate change scenarios for Tanzania are assessed, and key sectoral impacts are identified and ranked along multiple indicators to establish priorities for adaptation. Second, donor portfolios in Tanzania are analyzed to examine the proportion of donor activities affected by clim ...
Rethinking the Role of Cost-Benefit Analysis
... does not have the capacity to provide much guidance on climate issues. For CBA to have much relevance to the control of air and water pollution, major legislative changes would be required. But a much more fruitful direction for legislative change in economic terms would be a broad cap-and-trade sys ...
... does not have the capacity to provide much guidance on climate issues. For CBA to have much relevance to the control of air and water pollution, major legislative changes would be required. But a much more fruitful direction for legislative change in economic terms would be a broad cap-and-trade sys ...
Adaptation Research Programs and Funding
... (1) advise Government on policy issues related to climate change impacts and adaptation, including key risks to and opportunities for Australia; (2) build capacity to support the development of effective and targeted adaptation strategies; (3) engage stakeholders and provide targeted and scale-relev ...
... (1) advise Government on policy issues related to climate change impacts and adaptation, including key risks to and opportunities for Australia; (2) build capacity to support the development of effective and targeted adaptation strategies; (3) engage stakeholders and provide targeted and scale-relev ...
Europe
... European sub-regions (high confidence), but the provision of cultural services is projected to decline in the Continental, Northern, and Southern sub-regions (low confidence). {Box 23-1} Climate change is expected to impede economic activity in Southern Europe more than in other sub-regions (medium ...
... European sub-regions (high confidence), but the provision of cultural services is projected to decline in the Continental, Northern, and Southern sub-regions (low confidence). {Box 23-1} Climate change is expected to impede economic activity in Southern Europe more than in other sub-regions (medium ...
Validation of Downscaled Climate Change Scenarios of
... climate models developed and exploited by the world climate centres are rather reliable for providing realistic projections for the synoptic scale patterns and evolution of the climate. However, they are insufficient for detailed local scale estimations. There are several methods to interpret the re ...
... climate models developed and exploited by the world climate centres are rather reliable for providing realistic projections for the synoptic scale patterns and evolution of the climate. However, they are insufficient for detailed local scale estimations. There are several methods to interpret the re ...
Strategic Plan for 2014-2017
... At the dawn of the agricultural era, forests covered nearly half the Earth’s landmass. Today, only 15 percent of these primary forests remain intact. The world lost an additional 50 soccer fields of forest per minute between 2000 and 2013–and pressure is likely to increase as we struggle to meet th ...
... At the dawn of the agricultural era, forests covered nearly half the Earth’s landmass. Today, only 15 percent of these primary forests remain intact. The world lost an additional 50 soccer fields of forest per minute between 2000 and 2013–and pressure is likely to increase as we struggle to meet th ...
Situation Analysis on Climate Change - 400 Bad Request
... it should be noted the information is state-wise, rather than strictly within the boundaries of the GBM basin, resulting in an overall increase in population; this discrepancy will appear a few more times throughout the course of the analysis but will only pointed out if it is deemed critical to the ...
... it should be noted the information is state-wise, rather than strictly within the boundaries of the GBM basin, resulting in an overall increase in population; this discrepancy will appear a few more times throughout the course of the analysis but will only pointed out if it is deemed critical to the ...
Abbreviations and acronyms - Caribbean Regional Fisheries
... Fisheries and aquaculture in the CARICOM region are extremely vulnerable to the impacts of climate change and variability, and to several hazards that typically result in disasters. The concern is with hydro-meteorological and geological hazards while acknowledging interaction with technological haz ...
... Fisheries and aquaculture in the CARICOM region are extremely vulnerable to the impacts of climate change and variability, and to several hazards that typically result in disasters. The concern is with hydro-meteorological and geological hazards while acknowledging interaction with technological haz ...
On the Current and Future Dry Spell Characteristics over Africa
... According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) [1], Africa is one of the most vulnerable continents to climate change and climate variability. Global Climate Models (GCMs) participating in IPCC’s fourth Assessment Report suggest warmer temperatures, in the range of 2–7 °C for Afri ...
... According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) [1], Africa is one of the most vulnerable continents to climate change and climate variability. Global Climate Models (GCMs) participating in IPCC’s fourth Assessment Report suggest warmer temperatures, in the range of 2–7 °C for Afri ...
Arctic Climate Change and U.S. Accession to the United Nations
... Continental Shelf (CLCS) for exclusive sovereign rights and jurisdiction over the seabed resources of an Extended Continental Shelf (ECS) extending hundreds of miles offshore.22 If the United States becomes a party to UNCLOS, it has strong ECS claims over the resources of the Beaufort shelf and the ...
... Continental Shelf (CLCS) for exclusive sovereign rights and jurisdiction over the seabed resources of an Extended Continental Shelf (ECS) extending hundreds of miles offshore.22 If the United States becomes a party to UNCLOS, it has strong ECS claims over the resources of the Beaufort shelf and the ...
Draft African Union Strategy on Climate Change (2015)
... EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) explicitly shows the world is warming faster than estimated before and that humans caused most of that change over the last decades. It is also clear that climate change will continue, at a pace de ...
... EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) explicitly shows the world is warming faster than estimated before and that humans caused most of that change over the last decades. It is also clear that climate change will continue, at a pace de ...
Murphy-Grace-PhD-BIOL-December-2016
... to which drivers exert the largest influence on local biodiversity and ecosystem processes, and how the magnitude, direction, and consistency of responses compares across drivers, habitats, and trophic groups. In this thesis, I generated worldwide databases of empirically derived ecosystem responses ...
... to which drivers exert the largest influence on local biodiversity and ecosystem processes, and how the magnitude, direction, and consistency of responses compares across drivers, habitats, and trophic groups. In this thesis, I generated worldwide databases of empirically derived ecosystem responses ...
C. Survey on the impacts of Climate Change on World Heritage
... Communication, education, training, capacity building, raising awareness, and sharing good practices, information, and knowledge (see sections V.C., and V.E. of the Report in Annex 4) a) Global level actions (World Heritage Convention): i) Inform the UNFCCC of the impacts of Climate Change on World ...
... Communication, education, training, capacity building, raising awareness, and sharing good practices, information, and knowledge (see sections V.C., and V.E. of the Report in Annex 4) a) Global level actions (World Heritage Convention): i) Inform the UNFCCC of the impacts of Climate Change on World ...
United Nations Development Programme
... sectors and proposed systematic measures that mitigate its negative impacts and threats for energy demand, agriculture, water resources, biodiversity, forestry and health. Additionally, a comprehensive policy support for the establishment of a legal and institutional framework for the implementation ...
... sectors and proposed systematic measures that mitigate its negative impacts and threats for energy demand, agriculture, water resources, biodiversity, forestry and health. Additionally, a comprehensive policy support for the establishment of a legal and institutional framework for the implementation ...
IOCCG Report 9
... scales, the assumption that the requisite parameters were constant over the biome of interest might not be robust. The question then arises, if the parameters are not constant over the biome of interest, how can their variation be specified? The extreme expression of the question is reached when iss ...
... scales, the assumption that the requisite parameters were constant over the biome of interest might not be robust. The question then arises, if the parameters are not constant over the biome of interest, how can their variation be specified? The extreme expression of the question is reached when iss ...
3 Mapping Security Implications of Climate Change
... challenges (B. Lee 2009), which may exceed the capacities of societies unless there is a radical socioeconomic shift (Welzer 2008; Leggewie/Welzer 2009). The aspect of interlocking can be exemplified at the case of biofuel production, which may provide a more carbon-friendly type of fuel, but simult ...
... challenges (B. Lee 2009), which may exceed the capacities of societies unless there is a radical socioeconomic shift (Welzer 2008; Leggewie/Welzer 2009). The aspect of interlocking can be exemplified at the case of biofuel production, which may provide a more carbon-friendly type of fuel, but simult ...
Seychelles National Climate Change Strategy
... National Climate Change Strategy (NCCS) ................................................................................ 58 ...
... National Climate Change Strategy (NCCS) ................................................................................ 58 ...
The Impacts of Climate Change on World Heritage Properties
... Communication, education, training, capacity building, raising awareness, and sharing good practices, information, and knowledge (see sections V.C., and V.E. of the Report in Annex 4) a) Global level actions (World Heritage Convention): i) Inform the UNFCCC of the impacts of Climate Change on World ...
... Communication, education, training, capacity building, raising awareness, and sharing good practices, information, and knowledge (see sections V.C., and V.E. of the Report in Annex 4) a) Global level actions (World Heritage Convention): i) Inform the UNFCCC of the impacts of Climate Change on World ...
Response of spatial vegetation distribution in China to climate
... influence the distribution of terrestrial vegetation in the future. Moreover, recent studies have shown that tropical forests tend to decrease the local temperature (local cooling) whereas temperate forests tend to increase it [6], which suggests that changes in the distribution of vegetation could ...
... influence the distribution of terrestrial vegetation in the future. Moreover, recent studies have shown that tropical forests tend to decrease the local temperature (local cooling) whereas temperate forests tend to increase it [6], which suggests that changes in the distribution of vegetation could ...
Asia Glacier Melt Project: Expert Summary of Science regarding
... nothing more than the location of the terminus at a given point in time as it responds to both the dynamics of the ice body and the current climate. For example, if a glacier is noted to be retreating, this simply means that the ice at the terminus is melting faster than the rate at which ice is bei ...
... nothing more than the location of the terminus at a given point in time as it responds to both the dynamics of the ice body and the current climate. For example, if a glacier is noted to be retreating, this simply means that the ice at the terminus is melting faster than the rate at which ice is bei ...
Establishing Links between Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate
... progress on both DRR and CCA efforts, developing extensive experience on DRR and post-disaster response and creating national strategies and action plans to address climate change. Bangladesh has a comprehensive range of tools on DRR, both at the national and local levels. At the national level, the ...
... progress on both DRR and CCA efforts, developing extensive experience on DRR and post-disaster response and creating national strategies and action plans to address climate change. Bangladesh has a comprehensive range of tools on DRR, both at the national and local levels. At the national level, the ...
Vulnerability Assessment of the Belize Coastal Zone
... information is reaching the local communities. ...
... information is reaching the local communities. ...
Climate change feedback
Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""