Atmospheric circulation and hydroclimate impacts of alternative
... droplet radius takes its default value (8 µm over land and 14 µm over ocean). Various aspects of this simulation have been previously described in Caballero and Huber (2010) and Caballero and Huber (2013). In the LCTC simulation, CO2 takes its pre-industrial value of 280 ppm while cloud droplet radi ...
... droplet radius takes its default value (8 µm over land and 14 µm over ocean). Various aspects of this simulation have been previously described in Caballero and Huber (2010) and Caballero and Huber (2013). In the LCTC simulation, CO2 takes its pre-industrial value of 280 ppm while cloud droplet radi ...
CO2 Greenhouse calcs - Digging in the Clay
... CO2 0-400 (400) ppm equivalent to a total of 1.1932 °C ~0.003 °C / ppmv CO2 280-400 (120) ppmv the extra CO2 emissions occurring since 1850 equivalent only to 0.0753 °C ~0.0006 °C / ppmv So the diminution effect results in only a fifth of the warming compared to the natural preindustrial rate for ea ...
... CO2 0-400 (400) ppm equivalent to a total of 1.1932 °C ~0.003 °C / ppmv CO2 280-400 (120) ppmv the extra CO2 emissions occurring since 1850 equivalent only to 0.0753 °C ~0.0006 °C / ppmv So the diminution effect results in only a fifth of the warming compared to the natural preindustrial rate for ea ...
Ethical Anxieties About Geoengineering
... frequently attempted. Even in the United States some argue that there is no point cutting US emissions if other major emitters do not do the same, an appeal to the ―prisoner‘s dilemma‖ from those for whom the jail door is not locked. This presents a moral danger to geoengineering researchers who mig ...
... frequently attempted. Even in the United States some argue that there is no point cutting US emissions if other major emitters do not do the same, an appeal to the ―prisoner‘s dilemma‖ from those for whom the jail door is not locked. This presents a moral danger to geoengineering researchers who mig ...
document Robock Presentation
... anthropogenic interference” as due to the inadvertent effects on climate from anthropogenic greenhouse gases . We now must include geoengineering in our pledge to “prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system.” © New York Times, Henning Wagenbreth, Oct. 24, 2007 Alan Robock D ...
... anthropogenic interference” as due to the inadvertent effects on climate from anthropogenic greenhouse gases . We now must include geoengineering in our pledge to “prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system.” © New York Times, Henning Wagenbreth, Oct. 24, 2007 Alan Robock D ...
eoi maría moliner listening february 2011
... Congo waters half of Africa. Just take the case of Ethiopia which has suffered decades of drought and famine, in large part as a result of deforestation. One hundred years ago, 35 per cent of Ethiopia was covered in trees, but the figure today is barely four per cent. So not only are the rainforests ...
... Congo waters half of Africa. Just take the case of Ethiopia which has suffered decades of drought and famine, in large part as a result of deforestation. One hundred years ago, 35 per cent of Ethiopia was covered in trees, but the figure today is barely four per cent. So not only are the rainforests ...
high level forum on aid effectiveness
... For-profit private sector has experience on how to work with aid (aid as a catalyst, public-private partnerships). ...
... For-profit private sector has experience on how to work with aid (aid as a catalyst, public-private partnerships). ...
Climate change: impacts on electricity markets in Western Europe
... the climate change from 2000 to 2085 increases CDD by 121 days (88%) and decreases HDD by 712 days (28%) for Western Europe as a whole, see Table 1 in Online Resource 1. Combining the estimated coefficients of CDD and HDD from Eskeland and Mideksa (2009) with the calculated changes in CDD and HDD be ...
... the climate change from 2000 to 2085 increases CDD by 121 days (88%) and decreases HDD by 712 days (28%) for Western Europe as a whole, see Table 1 in Online Resource 1. Combining the estimated coefficients of CDD and HDD from Eskeland and Mideksa (2009) with the calculated changes in CDD and HDD be ...
IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (IOSR-JHSS)
... The UNFCCC in its articles2 defines climate change as the change of climate which is attributed either directly or indirectly to human activity which alters the composition of the global atmosphere and which is in addition to natural climate variability observed over comparable time periods. Causes ...
... The UNFCCC in its articles2 defines climate change as the change of climate which is attributed either directly or indirectly to human activity which alters the composition of the global atmosphere and which is in addition to natural climate variability observed over comparable time periods. Causes ...
Climate Change in the American Mind: March, 2016
... Emotional reactions to global warming may be felt for different reasons, and signify different meanings depending on an individual’s beliefs about global warming. For instance, someone who thinks global warming is happening may feel “disgusted” about it for very different reasons than does someone w ...
... Emotional reactions to global warming may be felt for different reasons, and signify different meanings depending on an individual’s beliefs about global warming. For instance, someone who thinks global warming is happening may feel “disgusted” about it for very different reasons than does someone w ...
Words
... Climate change is the term used to describe the warming of the earth’s temperature (also called global warming) and the severe and unusual weather conditions which result. What causes climate change? Climate change is caused by excessive greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. The most common gas is car ...
... Climate change is the term used to describe the warming of the earth’s temperature (also called global warming) and the severe and unusual weather conditions which result. What causes climate change? Climate change is caused by excessive greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. The most common gas is car ...
5 A Portfolio of Carbon Management Options
... The growth rate of GDP today is roughly 2.5 percent per year. Stabilizing CO2 emissions in a world whose GDP increases 2–3 percent per year requires comparable or greater percentage reductions in C/GDP. Stabilizing CO2 concentrations ultimately requires making deep long-term cuts in CO2 emissions (H ...
... The growth rate of GDP today is roughly 2.5 percent per year. Stabilizing CO2 emissions in a world whose GDP increases 2–3 percent per year requires comparable or greater percentage reductions in C/GDP. Stabilizing CO2 concentrations ultimately requires making deep long-term cuts in CO2 emissions (H ...
Models and scenarios - Nachhaltiges Landmanagement
... 3 and 4 and the regional projects on global data sets on long term and midterm scenarios. This exchange should on the one hand consist of the provision of global data sets under different scenarios from GLUES to the regional projects, whereas global data sets will be provided through the Geodata Inf ...
... 3 and 4 and the regional projects on global data sets on long term and midterm scenarios. This exchange should on the one hand consist of the provision of global data sets under different scenarios from GLUES to the regional projects, whereas global data sets will be provided through the Geodata Inf ...
The Politicization of Climate Change and Polarization in the American
... reflexive and anti-reflexive forces is crucial for assessing the potential for effective societal responses to global environmental problems such as climate change. Since it first emerged on the U.S. national agenda in the late 1980s, climate change has been strongly contested (Dunlap and McCright 2 ...
... reflexive and anti-reflexive forces is crucial for assessing the potential for effective societal responses to global environmental problems such as climate change. Since it first emerged on the U.S. national agenda in the late 1980s, climate change has been strongly contested (Dunlap and McCright 2 ...
Climate change and its socio
... - periphery of economic and political power - least responsible for greenhouse gas emissions - most insecure from the effects of emissions. (Barnett 2009) ...
... - periphery of economic and political power - least responsible for greenhouse gas emissions - most insecure from the effects of emissions. (Barnett 2009) ...
Melting of Polar Icecaps – Impact on Fisheries
... artisanal commercial fisheries that depend upon them have been reasonably well documented. Increased sea surface temperature (SST) leading to bleaching and accelerated erosion due to increasing wave action will have a detrimental impact on reef ecosystems, but the impact of rising sea level, and par ...
... artisanal commercial fisheries that depend upon them have been reasonably well documented. Increased sea surface temperature (SST) leading to bleaching and accelerated erosion due to increasing wave action will have a detrimental impact on reef ecosystems, but the impact of rising sea level, and par ...
Human drivers of national greenhouse-gas emissions
... that changes in the scale of the human population produce proportional changes in stress on the environment by dividing population size into aggregate measures of stress (for example, greenhouse-gas emissions) to yield per capita stress (for example, greenhouse-gas emissions per capita). However, it ...
... that changes in the scale of the human population produce proportional changes in stress on the environment by dividing population size into aggregate measures of stress (for example, greenhouse-gas emissions) to yield per capita stress (for example, greenhouse-gas emissions per capita). However, it ...
Peak and Decline Emissions Paths and the Global Warming Target
... rise in 2020 emissions increases the required rate of reduction by 0.15 percentage points. This sensitivity falls as the budget constraint rises, being only 0.08 percentage points for the 550 GtC constraint and 0.03 points for the 650 GtC constraint. Secondly, for the 450 GtC constraint, the impact ...
... rise in 2020 emissions increases the required rate of reduction by 0.15 percentage points. This sensitivity falls as the budget constraint rises, being only 0.08 percentage points for the 550 GtC constraint and 0.03 points for the 650 GtC constraint. Secondly, for the 450 GtC constraint, the impact ...
Aalborg Universitet Nielsen, Jørgen
... performance requirements approach offers a more systematic way to identify climate related parameters of importance to the design of buildings. The work presented here is based on two initiatives. The Danish Environmental Agency is heading a programme which addresses the effect of climate change on ...
... performance requirements approach offers a more systematic way to identify climate related parameters of importance to the design of buildings. The work presented here is based on two initiatives. The Danish Environmental Agency is heading a programme which addresses the effect of climate change on ...
‐century warming scenarios Persisting cold extremes under 21st Evan Kodra, Karsten Steinhaeuser,
... each of the nine models per grid in the manner described in Figures 1 and 2. The minimum, median, and maximum of the nine numbers at each grid are presented, providing a measure of a minimum bound, central tendency and maximum bound respectively, for each grid. The bounds appear large, with the mini ...
... each of the nine models per grid in the manner described in Figures 1 and 2. The minimum, median, and maximum of the nine numbers at each grid are presented, providing a measure of a minimum bound, central tendency and maximum bound respectively, for each grid. The bounds appear large, with the mini ...
S1 - North Pacific Marine Science Organization
... (CCCC), Jeffrey M. Napp (MONITOR), Igor I. Shevchenko (TCODE), Fangli Qiao (China) and Yukimasa Ishida (Japan) The North Pacific is surrounded by boundary currents (e.g., Kuroshio, Tsushima, Oyashio, California, Alaska, Bering Slope) that support a diversity of ecosystems. These ecosystems are highl ...
... (CCCC), Jeffrey M. Napp (MONITOR), Igor I. Shevchenko (TCODE), Fangli Qiao (China) and Yukimasa Ishida (Japan) The North Pacific is surrounded by boundary currents (e.g., Kuroshio, Tsushima, Oyashio, California, Alaska, Bering Slope) that support a diversity of ecosystems. These ecosystems are highl ...
UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME Junior
... With an over 80,000 km long coastline and 17,000 islands, many people in Indonesia are depending on climate sensitive sectors such as agriculture, forestry and coastal community economies. Consequently, Indonesia is especially vulnerable to climate change, with the severe impacts of a changing clima ...
... With an over 80,000 km long coastline and 17,000 islands, many people in Indonesia are depending on climate sensitive sectors such as agriculture, forestry and coastal community economies. Consequently, Indonesia is especially vulnerable to climate change, with the severe impacts of a changing clima ...
- ROAR - University of East London
... Others claimed that climate change is ‘the greatest and widest-ranging market failure ever seen’ (Stern, 2007). Conceptually, climate change is a variation in the mean state of the climate persisting for an extended period (typically decades or longer) and resulting from anthropogenic greenhouse gas ...
... Others claimed that climate change is ‘the greatest and widest-ranging market failure ever seen’ (Stern, 2007). Conceptually, climate change is a variation in the mean state of the climate persisting for an extended period (typically decades or longer) and resulting from anthropogenic greenhouse gas ...
The politics of climate change
... as there is a consensus about its extent and dangers, it has played a large part in building it. Indeed, that is its declared aim—to gather together as much scientific data as possible, subject it to rigorous review, and reach overall conclusions on the state of scientific opinion. In successive pub ...
... as there is a consensus about its extent and dangers, it has played a large part in building it. Indeed, that is its declared aim—to gather together as much scientific data as possible, subject it to rigorous review, and reach overall conclusions on the state of scientific opinion. In successive pub ...
PDF File - 788KB - RAIC Centre for Architecture
... 2. In fact, it is estimated that energy use in buildings could be reduced by 20 to 30% over the next 20 to 25 years without any changes in technology (Lester and Hart, 2012, p. 79). 3. Improving the energy efficiency of buildings does increase the initial costs of a building but the long terms savin ...
... 2. In fact, it is estimated that energy use in buildings could be reduced by 20 to 30% over the next 20 to 25 years without any changes in technology (Lester and Hart, 2012, p. 79). 3. Improving the energy efficiency of buildings does increase the initial costs of a building but the long terms savin ...
Climate change feedback
Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""